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JFMS Open Reports 2022A 15 shorthair cat presented after having fallen down the stairs. Examination by the referring veterinarian had demonstrated tachycardia and a large abdominal mass. The...
CASE SUMMARY
A 15 shorthair cat presented after having fallen down the stairs. Examination by the referring veterinarian had demonstrated tachycardia and a large abdominal mass. The cat was referred for investigations. Blood tests demonstrated hyperthyroidism. A large, poorly vascularised abdominal mass was identified on ultrasonography. The mass was hyperechoic compared with the normal liver; however, the origin could not be determined. Fine-needle aspirate biopsies of the mass demonstrated extramedullary haematopoiesis. Surgical exploration revealed a 12 cm × 8 cm × 8 cm pale mass arising from the spleen. Histopathology determined this was a giant splenic myelolipoma.
RELEVANCE AND NOVEL INFORMATION
Splenic myelolipoma is rarely reported in the domestic cat, with only five cases documented within the literature, and none of these having described giant myelolipoma. Indeed, giant myelolipomas are rarely reported in the human literature and are most commonly adrenal in origin. The pathogenesis of these masses is unclear; there have been several incidences in people with endocrine disorders, and it has been hypothesised that their occurrence may be related to endocrine stimulation. Here we report the first case of giant myelolipoma in a hyperthyroid cat.
PubMed: 36249674
DOI: 10.1177/20551169221127889 -
Urology Case Reports Sep 2023Myelolipoma is a benign tumor composed of mature adipose tissue and normal hematopoietic components. It usually occurs in the adrenal glands but rarely in the...
Myelolipoma is a benign tumor composed of mature adipose tissue and normal hematopoietic components. It usually occurs in the adrenal glands but rarely in the extra-adrenal region. However, it is difficult to differentiate extra-adrenal myelolipoma from well-differentiated liposarcoma on the basis of the radiological findings. We report the case of a 66-year-old male with perirenal and extra-adrenal myelolipoma who underwent radical tumor resection with nephrectomy after a preoperative diagnosis of liposarcoma. Intraoperative assessment by the surgeon and intraoperative pathological evaluation are important considering the divergent prognoses of myelolipoma and liposarcoma.
PubMed: 37664534
DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2023.102523 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2019Adrenal myelolipoma (MLS) is a rare, benign and non-functional neoplasm, composed of adipose tissue and myeloid. We report a rare case of adrenal myelolipoma of a...
Adrenal myelolipoma (MLS) is a rare, benign and non-functional neoplasm, composed of adipose tissue and myeloid. We report a rare case of adrenal myelolipoma of a 20-year-old female revealed with chronic abdominal pain. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen guided diagnosis and surgical resection was performed given symptomatic and bulky mass. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis. At 18 months after the surgery, the patient had no evidence of recurrence. The diagnosis of MLS is radiological. Therapeutic abstention is the rule for a small, asymptomatic tumor. The surgical removal is indicated when it is bulky (exceeds 7cm), symptomatic or hormonal activity.
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Myelolipoma; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Young Adult
PubMed: 32153720
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2019.34.180.20891 -
Frontiers in Oncology 2022Adrenal myelolipomas are benign tumors composed mainly of lipomatous elements with myeloid cells. With the development of medical imaging technology, the detection rate...
INTRODUCTION
Adrenal myelolipomas are benign tumors composed mainly of lipomatous elements with myeloid cells. With the development of medical imaging technology, the detection rate has gradually increased. We report a case of adrenal myelolipoma successfully excised through the laparoscope and reviewed existing literature in recent ten years to summarize the feasibility of the laparoscopic approach for this tumor.
CASE PRESENTATION
Herein, we described a case of adrenal myelolipoma resected by laparoscope in a 63-year-old male patient. He did not have any other symptoms except the incidental finding of a left adrenal mass. An abdominal CT examination revealed a mixed-density lesion containing some amount of adipose tissue. In conjunction with the patient's willingness, we performed a laparoscopic operation to remove the lump. The definite diagnosis was confirmed as an adrenal myelolipoma according to the pathology. The patient recovered well postoperatively and without signs of recurrence at a 5-month follow-up.
CONCLUSION
Adrenal myelolipoma is commonly benign, asymptomatic, and hormonal inactivity. A surgical strategy is suggested for high-complication-risk patients. The laparoscopic approach is safe and effective with an obvious advantage over open procedures.
PubMed: 36544699
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1058211 -
Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases Jan 2020As a rare and normally-benign and functionless tumor, primary adrenal myelolipoma comprises adipose tissue and myeloid cells, and its diagnosis is usually difficult... (Review)
Review
As a rare and normally-benign and functionless tumor, primary adrenal myelolipoma comprises adipose tissue and myeloid cells, and its diagnosis is usually difficult owing to its asymptomatic nature. Imaging techniques can detect these masses in over 90% of the cases. CT scan is the most sensitive imaging technique, which can display the tissue nature of this tumor with a high resolution. The present case report involves a 45-year-old woman with bilateral adrenal myelolipoma diagnosed with imaging methods.
Topics: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Myelolipoma; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 32156843
DOI: No ID Found -
World Journal of Clinical Cases Oct 2020Primary hepatic myelolipoma is a rare hepatic mesenchymal tumor mixed by adipose tissue and bone marrow, and there is a lack of general guidelines related to its...
BACKGROUND
Primary hepatic myelolipoma is a rare hepatic mesenchymal tumor mixed by adipose tissue and bone marrow, and there is a lack of general guidelines related to its epidemiology and clinical management.
CASE SUMMARY
A 26-year-old woman was admitted to our department complaining of a newly found tumor on her left lobe of the liver. The tumor was painless and not associated with any systemic or localized compressive symptoms. Serological tests disclosed a slight increase of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (70.0 U/L) and total bilirubin (19.2 μmol/L). Ultrasonography showed a mass about 5.0 cm × 5.0 cm in size that was located in the left lobe of the liver and displayed hyperechoic and well-encapsulated characteristics. Surgical resection was applied, and the following histopathological examination observed a variable proportion of myeloid tissues scattering throughout mature fibrotic adipose tissues, in which myeloid, erythroid, and megakaryocytic cells can be found in magnified view. The follow-up did not show any changes 6 mo after surgery.
CONCLUSION
This case highlights an extremely rare hepatic mesenchymal tumor, the primary hepatic myelolipoma, and discloses the common characteristics behind this disease and gives clinical recommendations.
PubMed: 33083426
DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i19.4615 -
Annals of Medicine and Surgery (2012) Sep 2020Myelolipomas are very rare benign tumours consisting of hematopoietic cells and mature adipose tissues. They are most commonly found in the adrenal glands. However,...
INTRODUCTION
Myelolipomas are very rare benign tumours consisting of hematopoietic cells and mature adipose tissues. They are most commonly found in the adrenal glands. However, there have been several reported cases of extra-adrenal myelolipomas, most commonly in the presacral region. Nearly all presacral lesions are small and asymptomatic; thus, most are discovered incidentally on imaging studies.
PRESENTATION OF CASE
We report two cases of presacral myelolipomas. The first is a 48-year-old female presenting with atypical back pain, found to have a mass in her presacral region with a size of 3,3 cm. The second case is a 59-year-old female, who presented for evaluation of a hip fracture, found to have a 4,7 cm presacral lesion. Both presacral myelolipomas were discovered incidentally and were confirmed by percutaneous guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Both were treated conservatively.
DISCUSSION
Accepted indications for the surgical excision of myelolipomas are symptomatic tumour, size >4 cm, metabolically active tumour, and a suspicion of malignancy on an imaging study. However, previous reports have documented that nearly half of the conservatively managed myelolipomas with a mean initial size of 5,1 cm, has increased in size or became symptomatic over a 3-years period.
CONCLUSION
We conclude that symptomatic presacral myelolipomas or lesions larger than 4 cm should be en-bloc resected, and we present an intuitive decision-making algorithm.
PubMed: 32904073
DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2020.07.002 -
Cureus Apr 2024Myelolipoma of the kidney is an exceedingly unusual benign tumor of hematological components mixed with mature adipose tissue. We present a case of a 59-year-old male...
Myelolipoma of the kidney is an exceedingly unusual benign tumor of hematological components mixed with mature adipose tissue. We present a case of a 59-year-old male who presented with left flank pain and was found to have an atrophic left kidney on imaging studies. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a small and shrunken left kidney with an extrarenal pelvis. A diethylenetriamine pentaacetate (DTPA) scan results showed a total glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 45.6 ml/min with a non-functional left kidney. The patient underwent a left nephrectomy, and a histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis and highlighted the distinctive morphological features of this rare entity. Postoperatively, the patient experienced a complete resolution of symptoms. This case underscores the importance of considering myelolipoma in the differential diagnosis of renal masses and highlights the successful management of symptomatic cases through surgical intervention. Awareness of this rare tumor is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. Further studies are needed to elucidate the natural history and optimal treatment strategies for renal myelolipomas.
PubMed: 38770489
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58628 -
BMC Pulmonary Medicine Aug 2023Extra-adrenal myelolipoma is an unusual entity, and endobronchial myelolipoma is rarer, which is often ignored by clinicians, delaying the disease and affecting the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Extra-adrenal myelolipoma is an unusual entity, and endobronchial myelolipoma is rarer, which is often ignored by clinicians, delaying the disease and affecting the prognosis.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 71-year-old man with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus, with recurrent fever, cough, and expectoration for more than 2 weeks experienced relief in cough, phlegm reduction, and glycemic control with anti-inflammatory treatment. Further examination revealed that new growths obstructing all lobar bronchi impaired flexible bronchoscope entry. In order to relieve the patient's symptoms, under general anesthesia, we performed liquid nitrogen cryobiopsy at multiple bronchial openings, and then used argon plasma coagulation (APC) to achieve hemostasis. The pathological diagnosis was bronchial myelolipoma. The largest volume of the resected tissue was a mass measuring 0.6 cm × 0.4 cm × 0.3 cm at the bronchial opening of the upper lobe of the left lung. The patient's condition was stable and the symptoms were partially relieved after surgery. No recurrence was observed during the 12-month follow-up, although the long-term treatment efficacy is unknown.
CONCLUSION
Pathological biopsy is key to the diagnosis of endobronchial myelolipoma, and the development of the endobronchial myelolipomas may have been associated with long-term poor control of steroid levels in this patient.
Topics: Male; Humans; Aged; Myelolipoma; Cough; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Bronchi; Lipoma
PubMed: 37653374
DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02608-z -
Medicine Jul 2019Primary hepatic myelolipoma is a rare benign neoplasm comprising mature adipose tissue and marrow components in various proportions. Chemical shift imaging (CSI) can... (Review)
Review
RATIONALE
Primary hepatic myelolipoma is a rare benign neoplasm comprising mature adipose tissue and marrow components in various proportions. Chemical shift imaging (CSI) can distinguish the lipid within the tumor clearly; however, there have been no reports on the CSI of hepatic myelolipoma.
PATIENT CONCERN
A 20-year-old woman visited our hospital after discovering a space-occupying lesion in the liver with a history of more than 1 year. She felt distension pain and discomfort under the xiphoid process, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and occasional chest oppression.
DIAGNOSIS
The tumor showed a well-defined mass with a pseudocapsule and a heterogeneous appearance on both T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images. CSI analysis showed a signal decline within the tumor. Based on the histopathology, the tumor was diagnosed as hepatic myelolipoma.
INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOMES
The patient underwent a right hepatectomy, and the postoperative vital signs were stable. Two weeks later, the patient was discharged safely.
LESSONS
Although hepatic myelolipoma is extremely rare, this condition should be considered in differential diagnosis when CSI shows that hepatic lesions contain fatty.
Topics: Female; Hepatectomy; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Myelolipoma; Young Adult
PubMed: 31335715
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000016497