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Medicine Dec 2023Intravascular myopericytomas are a rare type of myopericytomas. In most previously reported cases, these were benign, occurred on the legs or neck, and had low... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Intravascular myopericytomas are a rare type of myopericytomas. In most previously reported cases, these were benign, occurred on the legs or neck, and had low recurrence rates. We have described a unique case of an intravascular myopericytoma that caused spontaneous deep vein thrombosis.
MAIN SYMPTOMS, IMPORTANT CLINICAL FINDINGS, AND MAIN DIAGNOSES
A 37-year-old man presented with sudden-onset pain and swelling in the upper arm; physical examination revealed a 10 cm, palpable, firm, and mobile lesion in the upper arm. A biopsy revealed intravascular myopericytoma; immunohistological examination revealed a lesion in the lumen of the basilic vein. The tumor comprised abundant myxoid stroma with spindle cells proliferating in a concentric perivascular manner around the blood vessel. The tumor cells stained positive for CD34 and smooth muscle actin.
THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOMES
The patient underwent total excision of the mass under local anesthesia; no recurrence was observed thereafter. A literature review was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar; the key terms were "intravascular myopericytoma" and "IVMP." Nineteen cases of intravascular myopericytomas across 14 articles published between January 2002 and January 2022 were identified. These involved 11 men and 7 women (sex was unknown in 1 case); the ages were 22 to 80 years (mean: 59.8 ± 14 years). In most cases, the tumor was slow-growing, and the etiology was previous surgical history or trauma. No pain was reported by patients with tumors on the face or feet, and no recurrence was observed after surgery in any of the reported cases. Immunohistochemical staining for smooth muscle actin, h-caldesmon, calponin, and CD34 was performed for differential diagnosis. Contrary to the slow-growing nature reported in the literature, the nature related to growing in the present case was unclear that lesion was discovered because of sudden pain caused by thrombosis. However, the diagnostic method and recurrence rate in our case were similar to those in the previously reported cases.
CONCLUSION
Our case shows that although intravascular myopericytomas are rare, they can cause spontaneous thrombosis. They have low recurrence rates after complete resection. Spontaneous deep vein thrombosis that occurs in rare locations must be treated after determining the causes.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Actins; Arm; Myopericytoma; Pain; Thrombosis; Venous Thrombosis; Young Adult; Middle Aged; Aged; Aged, 80 and over
PubMed: 38065911
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036566 -
Molecular and Clinical Oncology Dec 2020Myopericytoma is a rare type of benign tumor, which commonly affects all four limbs. The occurrence of myopericytoma in the liver is extremely rare. Myopericytoma with a...
Myopericytoma is a rare type of benign tumor, which commonly affects all four limbs. The occurrence of myopericytoma in the liver is extremely rare. Myopericytoma with a size of >1 cm in diameter in the liver has not been previously reported. Due to the limited number of cases, the preoperative diagnosis of liver myopericytoma based on laboratory and imaging examinations is difficult. In the present case report, a patient with multiple myopericytoma in the liver, with a maximum diameter of 4.5 cm was described, with accompanying computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT) imaging profiles. The aim of the present report was to discuss the preoperative differential diagnosis between myopericytoma and other common liver neoplasms, such as intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma or liver metastasis.
PubMed: 33014365
DOI: 10.3892/mco.2020.2136 -
BMC Oral Health Apr 2021Myopericytoma is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm with perivascular myoid differentiation that arises most commonly in middle adulthood. The lesion generally involves the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Myopericytoma is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm with perivascular myoid differentiation that arises most commonly in middle adulthood. The lesion generally involves the subcutaneous tissue of distal extremities. Myopericytoma of the oral cavity is extremely rare. Herein we report a case of oral myopericytoma in a pediatric patient, who was treated via a conservative approach with a follow up of 8 years. The case is followed by a literature review. To our knowledge this is the first documented case of oral myopericytoma affecting a patient of such a young age.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 6 years old boy was referred to the maxillofacial surgery department for the evaluation of a solitary growth of the right maxillary buccal and palatal gingiva. Histology and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of myopericytoma.
CONCLUSIONS
Our patient was treated by local excision with no recurrence in 8 years of follow up. Conservative approach should be considered for the treatment oral myopericytoma especially in young patients in tooth bearing areas.
Topics: Adult; Cheek; Child; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Myopericytoma; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
PubMed: 33827713
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01534-y -
Asian Journal of Neurosurgery 2021A 50-year-old female with a history of seizures, headache, nausea, and vomiting. On imaging, parafalcine meningioma with mass effect features was rendered. She underwent...
A 50-year-old female with a history of seizures, headache, nausea, and vomiting. On imaging, parafalcine meningioma with mass effect features was rendered. She underwent right frontal tumor excision and craniotomy. Pathological examination showed a tumor composed of syncytial aggregates of round to plump fusiform cells forming whorls around prominent branching congested vessels. The tumorous cells expressed alpha-smooth muscle actin and heavy chain caldesmon and were negative for epithelial membrane antigen, protein S100, HMB45, CD34, calponin and desmin, thus providing the final diagnosis of intracranial myopericytoma. The rarity of this benign tumor at an extremely location, prompted this study. As preoperative radiological investigations are nonspecific in such cases, hence a detailed and comprehensive pathological examination is mandatory to come to a definitive diagnosis.
PubMed: 35071100
DOI: 10.4103/ajns.ajns_255_21 -
World Journal of Surgical Oncology Jan 2023Hepatic myopericytoma (MPC) is an extremely rare pathological entity in the liver. Conversely, cystic hepatic lesions are a group of heterogeneous lesions encountered...
BACKGROUND
Hepatic myopericytoma (MPC) is an extremely rare pathological entity in the liver. Conversely, cystic hepatic lesions are a group of heterogeneous lesions encountered commonly in daily practice. Here, we report a unique case of the coexistence of primary hepatic MPC and multiple cystic hepatic lesions along with our perceptions on its diagnosis and treatment.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 56-year-old female patient was found to have a left liver mass during a routine physical examination. Computer tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the existence of a left hepatic neoplasm along with multiple hepatic cysts but could not exclude the possible malignant nature of the neoplasm. Computer tomography (CT) also identified an enlarged mediastinal lymph node with a maximum diameter of 4.3 cm, which further underwent core needle biopsy under CT guidance. A histopathological examination was performed to rule out malignancy. Afterwards, the patient underwent left hemihepatectomy to resect a solid tumor of 5.5 cm × 5 cm × 4.7 cm with multiple cystic lesions which were histopathologically examined to establish the diagnosis of myopericytoma with hepatic cysts. Postoperatively, the patient recovered from the surgery quickly without significant adverse events and was not found to have a reoccurrence of the primary pathological entity.
CONCLUSIONS
This is the first reported case of a patient with the co-existence of primary hepatic myopericytoma and multiple cystic hepatic lesions undergoing surgical treatment with eventual recovery.
Topics: Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Myopericytoma; Liver Neoplasms; Cysts
PubMed: 36658645
DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-02894-1 -
BMC Oral Health Apr 2024Myopericytoma is a rare spindle cell tumor of mesenchymal origin, typically benign, characterized by concentric proliferation of tumor cells around blood vessels within... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Myopericytoma is a rare spindle cell tumor of mesenchymal origin, typically benign, characterized by concentric proliferation of tumor cells around blood vessels within subcutaneous tissue. It primarily occurs in middle-aged adults and is often located in distal extremities, although cases have been reported in proximal extremities and head-neck regions. However, occurrences within the oral cavity are exceedingly rare. To date, literature reviews have identified only two cases in children under 10 years old and reported only five cases of myopericytoma occurring in the lip region. We provide a comprehensive review and analysis of all documented cases to better understand this condition.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 7-year-old girl presented to oral and maxillofacial surgery with the discovery of a painless mass on the inner aspect of the upper lip. The diagnosis of myopericytoma was confirmed by histological examination (HE staining), alcian blue staining, and immunohistochemistry.
CONCLUSIONS
Following surgical excision, there were no signs of recurrence at a 3-month follow-up. The pathological diagnosis of myopericytoma is quite challenging, and immunohistochemical testing is necessary.
Topics: Adult; Middle Aged; Female; Humans; Child; Myopericytoma; Hemangiopericytoma; Lip; Immunohistochemistry
PubMed: 38643070
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04106-y -
Urology Case Reports Mar 2021Renal myopericytoma is an extremely rare entity with just 11 cases reported in the literature. We report the case of a 57 year old Caucasian man who was found to have a...
Renal myopericytoma is an extremely rare entity with just 11 cases reported in the literature. We report the case of a 57 year old Caucasian man who was found to have a renal myopericytoma following nephrectomy for suspected renal cell carcinoma. Renal myopericytoma has a distinct morphological overlap with other pericytic tumours and significant histological variation has been noted between cases reported to date. Further characterising this novel tumour is vital to identify subtypes within this spectrum, understand its behaviour and to identify imaging trends which may lead to pre-operative diagnosis in order to potentially avoid radical treatment.
PubMed: 33364175
DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2020.101537 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Aug 2020We report the case of a myopericytoma of the neck. A 23-year-old female noticed a small, nontender mass in her left supraclavicular fossa. The mass grew over a period of...
We report the case of a myopericytoma of the neck. A 23-year-old female noticed a small, nontender mass in her left supraclavicular fossa. The mass grew over a period of 5 months, prompting the patient to seek evaluation. There were no motor or sensory deficits. Imaging suggested a mass originating from the middle scalene muscle. Computed tomography-guided core needle biopsy demonstrated a spindle cell neoplasm with smooth muscle differentiation. Complete surgical excision was performed. Histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation of the tissue sample suggested myopericytoma. Myopericytoma is an extremely rare tumor of the head and neck. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a myopericytoma originating from a scalene muscle.
Topics: Clavicle; Female; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Medical Illustration; Myopericytoma; Neck Muscles; Young Adult
PubMed: 31142159
DOI: 10.1177/0145561319839821 -
Urology Case Reports Mar 2023We present a unique case of a 6 cm, incidental, ureteral myopericytoma which was initially believed to be an ovarian tumor with mass effect, causing...
We present a unique case of a 6 cm, incidental, ureteral myopericytoma which was initially believed to be an ovarian tumor with mass effect, causing hydroureteronephrosis. A 75-year-old woman presented with a three-month history of postprandial cramps and heartburn. A right distal ureterectomy with en-bloc resection of the mass was performed. Histologically, a well-circumscribed, cellular proliferation of uniform, cytologically bland, spindle cells was identified that had a multilayered, concentric growth pattern around numerous blood vessels. Immunohistochemically, the spindle lesional cells stained strongly and diffusely with antibodies against smooth muscle actin and failed to stain for pancytokeratin and S100 protein.
PubMed: 36873045
DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2023.102362 -
International Journal of Surgery Case... Apr 2021Myopericytoma is a rare mesenchymal soft tissue tumor that originates from perivascular myoid cells and mostly benign in nature. With a slight male predisposition, it...
INTRODUCTION
Myopericytoma is a rare mesenchymal soft tissue tumor that originates from perivascular myoid cells and mostly benign in nature. With a slight male predisposition, it occurs more commonly in the lower extremities with an insidious and painless presentation. Contrary to the usual, our patient was with a rare presentation in the inguinal region with a dull aching pain.
CASE PRESENTATION
We herein report a case of a 64-year-old female patient with myopericytoma, the first of its kind reported in Nepal, present in the right inguinal region and surgically removed. The mass was single with dull aching pain, non-tender, globular, smooth, mobile, covered with skin and, had been slowly growing for 1 year and had started bleeding for 4 days. On complete surgical excision and subsequent biopsy, a nodule with thin-walled blood vessels and spindle-shaped cells having indistinct cell border, eosinophilic cytoplasm, and oval to spindle-shaped nucleus was observed, features consistent with those of myopericytoma.
DISCUSSION
Myopericytoma can occur in different sites in the body. Its differential diagnoses in the inguinal region include inguinal hernia, lipoma, or an inguinal lymphangioma. Histopathological analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining are used for diagnosis and confirmation.
CONCLUSION
Myopericytomas are rare and have a substantial propensity to be misdiagnosed as other soft tissue tumors such as sarcomas due to significant overlap in their presentation and histological features. Complete surgical excision of mass is the curative therapy.
PubMed: 33774449
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.105820