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BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Jan 2020To examine how a healthy lifestyle is related to life expectancy that is free from major chronic diseases.
OBJECTIVE
To examine how a healthy lifestyle is related to life expectancy that is free from major chronic diseases.
DESIGN
Prospective cohort study.
SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS
The Nurses' Health Study (1980-2014; n=73 196) and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (1986-2014; n=38 366).
MAIN EXPOSURES
Five low risk lifestyle factors: never smoking, body mass index 18.5-24.9, moderate to vigorous physical activity (≥30 minutes/day), moderate alcohol intake (women: 5-15 g/day; men 5-30 g/day), and a higher diet quality score (upper 40%).
MAIN OUTCOME
Life expectancy free of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer.
RESULTS
The life expectancy free of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer at age 50 was 23.7 years (95% confidence interval 22.6 to 24.7) for women who adopted no low risk lifestyle factors, in contrast to 34.4 years (33.1 to 35.5) for women who adopted four or five low risk factors. At age 50, the life expectancy free of any of these chronic diseases was 23.5 (22.3 to 24.7) years among men who adopted no low risk lifestyle factors and 31.1 (29.5 to 32.5) years in men who adopted four or five low risk lifestyle factors. For current male smokers who smoked heavily (≥15 cigarettes/day) or obese men and women (body mass index ≥30), their disease-free life expectancies accounted for the lowest proportion (≤75%) of total life expectancy at age 50.
CONCLUSION
Adherence to a healthy lifestyle at mid-life is associated with a longer life expectancy free of major chronic diseases.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Body Mass Index; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, Healthy; Exercise; Female; Healthy Lifestyle; Humans; Life Expectancy; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Nursing Research; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Prospective Studies; Risk Reduction Behavior; Smoking
PubMed: 31915124
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.l6669 -
The Journal of Nursing Research : JNR Aug 2019
Topics: Curriculum; Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate; Evidence-Based Practice; Health Services Research; Humans; Nursing Research; Students, Nursing; Taiwan
PubMed: 31313747
DOI: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000346 -
Nursing Open May 2021To provide a systematic review of the literature from 1997 to 2017 on nursing-sensitive indicators. (Review)
Review
AIM
To provide a systematic review of the literature from 1997 to 2017 on nursing-sensitive indicators.
DESIGN
A qualitative design with a deductive approach was used.
DATA SOURCES
Original and Grey Literature references from Cochrane Library, Medline/PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL, Google Scholar Original and Grey Literature.
REVIEW METHODS
Quality assessment was performed using the NIH Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies.
RESULTS
A total of 3,633 articles were identified, and thirty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. The quantitative assessment of investigated relationships in these studies suggests that nursing staffing, mortality, and nosocomial infections were the most frequently reported nursing-sensitive indicators.
CONCLUSION
This review provides a comprehensive list of nursing-sensitive indicators, their frequency of use, and the associations between these indicators and various outcome variables. Stakeholders of nursing research may use the findings to streamline the indicator development efforts and standardization of nursing-sensitive indicators.
IMPACT
This review provides evidence-based results that health organizations can benefit from nursing care quality.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; MEDLINE; Nursing Care; Nursing Research; Nursing Staff
PubMed: 34482649
DOI: 10.1002/nop2.654 -
Journal of Research in Nursing : JRN Aug 2020Qualitative descriptive designs are common in nursing and healthcare research due to their inherent simplicity, flexibility and utility in diverse healthcare contexts....
BACKGROUND
Qualitative descriptive designs are common in nursing and healthcare research due to their inherent simplicity, flexibility and utility in diverse healthcare contexts. However, the application of descriptive research is sometimes critiqued in terms of scientific rigor. Inconsistency in decision making within the research process coupled with a lack of transparency has created issues of credibility for this type of approach. It can be difficult to clearly differentiate what constitutes a descriptive research design from the range of other methodologies at the disposal of qualitative researchers.
AIMS
This paper provides an overview of qualitative descriptive research, orientates to the underlying philosophical perspectives and key characteristics that define this approach and identifies the implications for healthcare practice and policy.
METHODS AND RESULTS
Using real-world examples from healthcare research, the paper provides insight to the practical application of descriptive research at all stages of the design process and identifies the critical elements that should be explicit when applying this approach.
CONCLUSIONS
By adding to the existing knowledge base, this paper enhances the information available to researchers who wish to use the qualitative descriptive approach, influencing the standard of how this approach is employed in healthcare research.
PubMed: 34394658
DOI: 10.1177/1744987119880234 -
International Journal of Nursing Studies Oct 2021There is ample evidence that modern nurses are under strain and that interventions to support the nursing workforce have not recognised the complexity inherent in... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
There is ample evidence that modern nurses are under strain and that interventions to support the nursing workforce have not recognised the complexity inherent in nursing work. Creating a modern model of nursing work may assist nurses in developing workable solutions to professional problems. A new model may also foster cohesion among broad and diverse nursing roles.
AIM
The aim of this meta-narrative review was to investigate how researchers, using different methods and theoretical approaches, have contributed to the understanding of nursing work.
METHODS
A meta-narrative review was done to evaluate the trajectory of nursing work research, from 1953 to present. This review progressed through the stages of planning, searching, mapping, appraisal, and synthesis.
FINDINGS
A total of 121 articles were included in this meta-narrative review. These articles revealed five narratives of nursing work, where work is conceptualised as labour. These narratives were physical labour (n = 14), emotional (n = 53), cognitive (n = 24), and organisational (n = 1), and combinations of more than one type of labour (n = 29 articles). The paradigms identified in the meta-narrative were the positivist, interpretive, critical, and evidence-based paradigms. Each article in the review corresponded with a paradigm and a labour narrative, creating a comprehensive model.
CONCLUSIONS
Nursing work can be understood as a model of physical, emotional, cognitive, and organisational labour. These different types of labour may be hidden and taken for granted. Nurses can use this model to articulate what they do and how it supports patient safety. Nurses can also advocate for staffing allocations that consider all types of nursing labour. Tweetable abstract: Nursing work is complex and includes physical, emotional, cognitive, and organisational labour. Staffing needs to take all nursing labour into account.
Topics: Emotions; Humans; Nurse's Role; Nursing Research; Nursing Staff; Workforce
PubMed: 34325358
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.103944 -
BMJ Open Nov 2019As the discipline of nursing has advanced, research capacity in nursing has become increasingly important to the discipline's development. However, research capacity in... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
As the discipline of nursing has advanced, research capacity in nursing has become increasingly important to the discipline's development. However, research capacity in nursing is still commonly used as a buzzword, without a consistent and clear definition. The purpose of this study is to clarify the concept of research capacity in nursing by identifying its conceptual components in the relevant nursing literature using the Pragmatic Utility method.
DESIGN
A Pragmatic Utility concept analysis based on a scoping review.
DATA SOURCES
Academic literature retrieved from PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses (PQDT).
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
Qualitative studies, quantitative studies, mixed method studies or literature reviews focusing on research capacity in nursing published in English between 2009 and 2019.
RESULTS
Competence, motivation, infrastructure and collaboration for nursing research are the antecedents of research capacity in nursing. The attributes of research capacity in nursing are 'non-individual level', 'context-embeddedness' and 'sustainability'. The direct outcome of research capacity in nursing is nursing research. The allied concepts identified are nursing research competency, nursing research capability and evidence-based practice capacity in nursing.
CONCLUSIONS
Research capacity in nursing is the ability to conduct nursing research activities in a sustainable manner in a specific context, and it is normally used at a non-individual level. Research capacity in nursing is critical for the development of the nursing discipline, and for positive nurse, patient and healthcare system outcomes. More studies are needed to further explore the allied concepts of research capacity in nursing, and to better understand relationships among these allied concepts.
Topics: Evidence-Based Practice; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Models, Nursing; Nurse's Role; Nursing Research; Philosophy, Nursing; Professional Competence
PubMed: 31753891
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032356 -
The Journal of Nursing Research : JNR Oct 2019The paradigm is a vital concept steering the development of a scientific discipline. Paradigms that shape the education, research, and practice steps of a discipline are...
BACKGROUND
The paradigm is a vital concept steering the development of a scientific discipline. Paradigms that shape the education, research, and practice steps of a discipline are defined as metaparadigms.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to explore the perception of nursing students regarding metaparadigms in nursing at Akdeniz University in Antalya, Turkey.
METHODS
This was designed as a descriptive phenomenological study, and data were collected from 13 fourth-year students who were chosen via a purposeful sampling method and interviewed face-to-face using a semistructured format. Data were analyzed using the data analysis steps of Giorgi, who is an expert in descriptive phenomenological studies.
RESULTS
Most of the participants in this study associated nursing with humanism. Some of the participants stated that a fundamental building block of the nursing profession is conscience, whereas others stated that nursing is a way to touch people's lives and is now regarded as a professional practice. It has been reported that students have difficulties identifying metaparadigms in nursing and that they believe that human beings have the potential to widen their horizons with wisdom and social skills. According to the participants, the health metaparadigm refers to the harmony between human beings and their environment and to the autonomy of the individual. Moreover, the participants emphasized the well-being of individuals.
CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE
The participants in this study characterized humans with well-being, transcendence, adaptation and interaction skills with their environment, and harmony beyond physiological mechanisms, which was considered to be promising for the perception of future nurses. It is recommended for nursing educators to enable their students to raise their professional awareness and to internalize professional values.
Topics: Attitude of Health Personnel; Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate; Female; Humans; Interviews as Topic; Male; Nursing Research; Nursing Theory; Students, Nursing; Turkey; Young Adult
PubMed: 30747821
DOI: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000311 -
Research in Nursing & Health Jun 2020
Topics: Coronavirus Infections; Humans; Nursing Research; Pandemics; United States
PubMed: 32306400
DOI: 10.1002/nur.22024 -
Revista Gaucha de Enfermagem Oct 2022
Topics: Humans; Philosophy, Nursing; Nursing Research
PubMed: 36327394
DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2022.20220270.en