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International Journal of Molecular... Feb 2020The soybean fatty acid desaturase family is composed of seven genes, but the function of each gene has not been reported. Bioinformatics was used to analyse the...
The soybean fatty acid desaturase family is composed of seven genes, but the function of each gene has not been reported. Bioinformatics was used to analyse the structure of genes in this family, as well as the correlation between Δ12-fatty acid desaturase II (FAD2) expression and oleic acid content on different days after flowering of soybean. In the present study, CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used to construct single and double mutant knockout vectors of functional genes in the family. Analysis of the molecular biology and expression patterns of genes in the family, namely, () and (), showed that they had little homology with other soybean genes, and that their function was slightly changed. Sequencing of the target showed that the editing efficiency of the and genes was 95% and 55.56%, respectively, and that the double mutant editing efficiency was 66.67%. The mutations were divided into two main types, as follows: base deletion and insertion. A near-infrared grain analyser determined the following results: In the T generation, the oleic acid content increased from 17.10% to 73.50%; the linoleic acid content decreased from 62.91% to 12.23%; the protein content increased from 37.69% to 41.16%; in the T generation, the oleic acid content increased from 19.15% to 72.02%; the linoleic acid content decreased from 56.58% to 17.27%. In addition, the protein content increased from 37.52% to 40.58% compared to that of the JN38 control variety.
Topics: CRISPR-Cas Systems; Crops, Agricultural; Fatty Acid Desaturases; Gene Editing; Mutation; Oleic Acid; Plant Breeding; Plant Proteins; Seeds; Glycine max
PubMed: 32046096
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031104 -
Archives of Toxicology Jun 2023Intestinal cells are continuously exposed to food constituents while adapting to peristaltic movement and fluid shear stress. Oleic acid (OA) and palmitic acid (PA) are...
Intestinal cells are continuously exposed to food constituents while adapting to peristaltic movement and fluid shear stress. Oleic acid (OA) and palmitic acid (PA) are among the most prevalent fatty acids with respect to dietary lipids. Despite the central importance of dietary lipids for a balanced diet, awareness about potential detrimental effects related to excessive consumption is increasing; this includes toxicity, metabolic deregulation, and, particularly for cancer cells, a benefit from the uptake of fatty acids related to promotion of metastasis. Expanding on this, we started elucidating the effects of OA and PA (25-500 µM) on non-transformed human intestinal epithelial cells (HCEC-1CT) in comparison to colon carcinoma cells (HCT116), with regard to the mechanosensory apparatus. Hence, intestinal cells' motility is on the one side essential to ensure adaption to peristaltic movement and barrier function, but also to enable metastatic progression. Incubation with both OA and PA (≥ 25 µM) significantly decreased membrane fluidity of HCT116 cells, whereas the effect on HCEC-1CT was more limited. Application of rhodamine-labelled PA demonstrated that the fatty acid is incorporated into the plasma membrane of HCT116, which could not be observed in the non-tumorigenic cell line. Down-streaming into the intracellular compartment, a pronounced rearrangement of actin cytoskeleton was evident in both cell lines (OA and PA; 25 and 100 µM). This was accompanied by a variation of translocation efficiency of the mechanosensitive co-transcription factor YAP1, albeit with a stronger effect seen for PA and the cancer cells. Untargeted proteomic analysis confirmed that exposure to OA and PA could alter the response capacity of HCT116 cells to fluid shear stress. Taken together, OA and PA were able to functionally modulate the mechanosensory apparatus of intestinal cells, implying a novel role for dietary fatty acids in the regulation of intestinal pathophysiology.
Topics: Humans; Palmitic Acid; Mechanotransduction, Cellular; Proteomics; Fatty Acids; Oleic Acid
PubMed: 37117602
DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03495-3 -
Food Chemistry Oct 2020Coriander contains petroselinic acid, an isomer fatty acid of oleic acid. Coriander seed oil has been proposed as novel food ingredient in the European Union. Field...
Coriander contains petroselinic acid, an isomer fatty acid of oleic acid. Coriander seed oil has been proposed as novel food ingredient in the European Union. Field experiments were performed at Auch (France) during two seasons (2010 and 2011). From flowering to maturity, fruits were harvested weekly and oil content and fatty acid (FA) compositions were determined. Fruits presented 2% more oil in 2010 than in 2011. Petroselinic acid (PA) contents was higher in 2011 than in 2010. Oil accumulation began earlier after flowering (2 DAF) in 2011. A first step in accumulation was identified between two and 21 DAF characterized by high SFA and PUFA, which decreased 21 DAF. Subsequently, PA increased to its highest concentration (30-55 DAF) and SFA and PUFA reached their lowest. These results suggest that higher concentrations of PA can be achieved by collecting fruits before full maturity.
Topics: Coriandrum; Fatty Acids; Fruit; Isomerism; Oleic Acid; Plant Oils; Seeds
PubMed: 32438233
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127034 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2021Fats containing the stearoyl-rich triacylglycerols (TAGs) of 1,2-distearoyl-3-oleoylglycerol (SSO) and 1,3-dioleoyl-2-stearoylglycerol (OSO) were synthesized via the...
Fats containing the stearoyl-rich triacylglycerols (TAGs) of 1,2-distearoyl-3-oleoylglycerol (SSO) and 1,3-dioleoyl-2-stearoylglycerol (OSO) were synthesized via the lipase-catalyzed acidolysis of tristearin (SSS)-rich fat and oleic acids, followed by solvent fractionation. Their physicochemical properties and in vitro digestibilities were compared. The SSS-, SSO-, and OSO-rich fats comprised 81.6%, 52.9%, and 33.1% stearic acid, respectively, whereas oleic acid comprised 2.9%, 37.5%, and 56.2%, respectively. The SSS-, SSO-, and OSO-rich fats contained the TAGs of SaSaSa (100.00%), SaSaMo (86.98%), and MoSaMo (67.12%), respectively, and the major TAGs were SSS, SSO, and OSO, respectively. Melting and crystallization temperatures were higher and fat crystals were larger and densely packed in the descending order of SSS-, SSO and OSO-rich fats. Both in vitro multi-step digestion and pH-stat digestion were more rapid for OSO- than SSO-rich fat. Oleic acid was digested faster than stearic acid during the initial digestion, then the rate decreased, whereas that of stearic acid increased over prolonged digestion. Fats that were richer in stearoyl at the -1,3 position of TAG melted and crystallized at higher temperatures, had a densely packed microstructure of large fat crystals and were poorly digested. Stearic acid imparts the essential physical attributes of melting and crystallization in solid fats, and the low digestible stearoyl-rich fat would be a viable substitute for trans fatty acids in food lipid industry.
Topics: Chemical Phenomena; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dietary Fats; Digestion; Fatty Acids; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrolysis; Oleic Acid; Spectrum Analysis; Transition Temperature; Triglycerides
PubMed: 35011423
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010191 -
Nutrients Dec 2021Olive oil contains high amounts of oleic acid (OA). Although OA has been described to inhibit inflammatory processes, the effects of olive oil on cellular mechanisms...
Olive oil contains high amounts of oleic acid (OA). Although OA has been described to inhibit inflammatory processes, the effects of olive oil on cellular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Therefore, we compared the effects of major fatty acids (FA) from olive oil with those of olive oil extracts (OOE) on inflammatory mediators and alterations in the cellular phospholipid composition in murine macrophages. Upon treatment with different OOE, FA compositions of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine RAW264.7 macrophages were analyzed using gas chromatography. Olive oil extracts and OA significantly reduced the LPS-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNos), cyclooxygenase (Cox2), and interleukin-6 mRNA. In addition, a significant decrease in Cox2 and iNos protein expression was observed. The formation of nitric oxide was significantly reduced, while the formation of prostaglandin (PG) E from arachidonic acid significantly increased after treatment with OOE or OA. The latter was associated with a shift in the phospholipid FA composition from arachidonic acid to OA, resulting in an elevated availability of arachidonic acid. Together, OOE and OA mediate anti-inflammatory effects in vitro but increase the release of arachidonic acid and hereinafter PGE, likely due to elongation of OA and competitive incorporation of fatty acids into membrane phospholipids.
Topics: Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Dinoprostone; Inflammation Mediators; Lipopolysaccharides; Macrophages; Mice; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Oleic Acid; Olive Oil; Phospholipids; Plant Extracts; RAW 264.7 Cells
PubMed: 34959989
DOI: 10.3390/nu13124437 -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2022Pregnancy complications such as maternal hyperglycemia increase perinatal mortality and morbidity, but risks are higher in males than in females. We hypothesized that...
Pregnancy complications such as maternal hyperglycemia increase perinatal mortality and morbidity, but risks are higher in males than in females. We hypothesized that fetal sex-dependent differences in placental palmitic-acid (PA) and oleic-acid (OA) metabolism influence such risks. Placental explants ( = 22) were incubated with isotope-labeled fatty acids (C-PA or C-OA) for 24 or 48 h and the production of forty-seven C-PA lipids and thirty-seven C-OA lipids quantified by LCMS. Linear regression was used to investigate associations between maternal glycemia, BMI and fetal sex with C lipids, and between C lipids and birthweight centile. Placental explants from females showed greater incorporation of C-OA and C-PA into almost all lipids compared to males. Fetal sex also influenced relationships with maternal glycemia, with many C-OA and C-PA acylcarnitines, C-PA-diacylglycerols and C-PA phospholipids positively associated with glycemia in females but not in males. In contrast, several C-OA triacylglycerols and C-OA phospholipids were negatively associated with glycemia in males but not in females. Birthweight centile in females was positively associated with six C-PA and three C-OA lipids (mainly acylcarnitines) and was negatively associated with eight C-OA lipids, while males showed few associations. Fetal sex thus influences placental lipid metabolism and could be a key modulator of the impact of maternal metabolic health on perinatal outcomes, potentially contributing toward sex-specific adaptions in which females prioritize survival.
Topics: Birth Weight; Blood Glucose; Female; Humans; Lipid Metabolism; Male; Oleic Acid; Palmitic Acid; Phospholipids; Placenta; Pregnancy
PubMed: 35955818
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158685 -
Nutrients Mar 2022Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is a cornerstone of the Mediterranean diet (MedD). In this narrative review, we synthesize and illustrate the various characteristics and... (Review)
Review
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is a cornerstone of the Mediterranean diet (MedD). In this narrative review, we synthesize and illustrate the various characteristics and clinical applications of EVOO and its components-such as oleic acid, hydroxytyrosol, and oleuropein-in the field of clinical nutrition and dietetics. The evidence is split into diet therapy, oleic acid-based enteral nutrition formulations and oral supplementation formulations, oleic acid-based parenteral nutrition, and nutraceutical supplementation of minor components of EVOO. EVOO has diverse beneficial health properties, and current evidence supports the use of whole EVOO in diet therapy and the supplementation of its minor components to improve cardiovascular health, lipoprotein metabolism, and diabetes mellitus in clinical nutrition. Nevertheless, more intervention studies in humans are needed to chisel specific recommendations for its therapeutic use through different formulations in other specific diseases and clinical populations.
Topics: Antioxidants; Diet, Mediterranean; Dietary Supplements; Humans; Oleic Acid; Olive Oil
PubMed: 35406067
DOI: 10.3390/nu14071440 -
The Journal of Nutrition Apr 2020It is unclear whether the favorable effects of walnuts on the gut microbiota are attributable to the fatty acids, including α-linolenic acid (ALA), and/or the bioactive... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Walnuts and Vegetable Oils Containing Oleic Acid Differentially Affect the Gut Microbiota and Associations with Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Follow-up of a Randomized, Controlled, Feeding Trial in Adults at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease.
BACKGROUND
It is unclear whether the favorable effects of walnuts on the gut microbiota are attributable to the fatty acids, including α-linolenic acid (ALA), and/or the bioactive compounds and fiber.
OBJECTIVE
This study examined between-diet gut bacterial differences in individuals at increased cardiovascular risk following diets that replace SFAs with walnuts or vegetable oils.
METHODS
Forty-two adults at cardiovascular risk were included in a randomized, crossover, controlled-feeding trial that provided a 2-wk standard Western diet (SWD) run-in and three 6-wk isocaloric study diets: a diet containing whole walnuts (WD; 57-99 g/d walnuts; 2.7% ALA), a fatty acid-matched diet devoid of walnuts (walnut fatty acid-matched diet; WFMD; 2.6% ALA), and a diet replacing ALA with oleic acid without walnuts (oleic acid replaces ALA diet; ORAD; 0.4% ALA). Fecal samples were collected following the run-in and study diets to assess gut microbiota with 16S rRNA sequencing and Qiime2 for amplicon sequence variant picking.
RESULTS
Subjects had elevated BMI (30 ± 1 kg/m2), blood pressure (121 ± 2/77 ± 1 mmHg), and LDL cholesterol (120 ± 5 mg/dL). Following the WD, Roseburia [relative abundance (RA) = 4.2%, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) = 4], Eubacterium eligensgroup (RA = 1.4%, LDA = 4), LachnospiraceaeUCG001 (RA = 1.2%, LDA = 3.2), Lachnospiraceae UCG004 (RA = 1.0%, LDA = 3), and Leuconostocaceae (RA = 0.03%, LDA = 2.8) were most abundant relative to taxa in the SWD (P ≤ 0.05 for all). The WD was also enriched in Gordonibacter relative to the WFMD. Roseburia (3.6%, LDA = 4) and Eubacterium eligensgroup (RA = 1.5%, LDA = 3.4) were abundant following the WFMD, and Clostridialesvadin BB60group (RA = 0.3%, LDA = 2) and gutmetagenome (RA = 0.2%, LDA = 2) were most abundant following the ORAD relative to the SWD (P ≤ 0.05 for all). Lachnospiraceae were inversely correlated with blood pressure and lipid/lipoprotein measurements following the WD.
CONCLUSIONS
The results indicate similar enrichment of Roseburia following the WD and WFMD, which could be explained by the fatty acid composition. Gordonibacter enrichment and the inverse association between Lachnospiraceae and cardiovascular risk factors following the WD suggest that the gut microbiota may contribute to the health benefits of walnut consumption in adults at cardiovascular risk. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02210767.
Topics: Adult; Bacteria; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Juglans; Male; Middle Aged; Nuts; Oleic Acid; Plant Oils; Risk Factors
PubMed: 31848609
DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz289 -
Free Radical Biology & Medicine Aug 2021Olive oil and components might have a beneficial effect on Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). The aim of this review and meta-analysis was to assess whether those effects are... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Olive oil and components might have a beneficial effect on Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). The aim of this review and meta-analysis was to assess whether those effects are related to hydroxytyrosol or oleic acid contents, or the combination of them as olive oil, and how powerful is this effect.
METHODS
A systematic literature search was performed in MEDLINE via Pubmed, Web of Science (WOS) core collection, and Virtual Health Library (VHL) via LILACS and IBECS (Spain). MeSH terms used were "obesity", "body weight", "body mass index", "adipose tissue", "lipid metabolism", "LDL", "HDL", "VLDL", "insulin resistance", "glucose", "insulin", "hypertension", "arterial pressure", "olive oil", "oleic acid", and other (non-MeSH) terms: "total antioxidant capacity", "total antioxidant status", "hydroxytyrosol" (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021247614). Results of the included studies were meta-analyzed with the RevMan 5.3 program, assuming a random effects model.
RESULTS
76 articles (67 different trials) were identified. Hydroxytyrosol had no effect on MetS [combined standardized mean differences (SMD) = 0.01 (CI 95%: [-0.23, 0.25], I = 83%; p = 0.920)]. Oleic acid had no significant beneficial effect on MetS [SMD = 0.03 (CI 95%: [-0.01, 0.07], I = 0%); p = 0.150], but it improved lipid profile [SMD = 0.06 (CI 95%: [-0.00, 0.12], I = 0%); p = 0. 050]. Olive oil had no effect on MetS [SMD = -0.01 (CI 95%: [-0.05, 0.03]), I = 55%; p = 0.550)]. The supplementation with hydroxytyrosol, oleic acid or olive oil showed a beneficial effect on antioxidant capacity related to components of MetS [SMD = 0.31 (CI 95%: [-0.34, 0.95], I = 81%)]; p = 0.35).
CONCLUSION
Most articles compared olive oil and oleic acid with other strategies specially designed for MetS management. Our findings suggest that olive oil or oleic acid consumption are as good as the other strategies to manage MetS.
Topics: Dietary Supplements; Humans; Metabolic Syndrome; Oleic Acid; Olive Oil; Phenylethyl Alcohol
PubMed: 34153478
DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.017 -
The FEBS Journal Apr 2023Fatty acid-binding protein 7 (FABP7), one of the fatty acid (FA) chaperones involved in the modulation of intracellular FA metabolism, is highly expressed in...
Fatty acid-binding protein 7 (FABP7), one of the fatty acid (FA) chaperones involved in the modulation of intracellular FA metabolism, is highly expressed in glioblastoma, and its expression is associated with decreased patients' prognosis. Previously, we demonstrated that FABP7 requires its binding partner to exert its function and that a mutation in the FA-binding site of FABP7 affects tumour biology. Here, we explored the role of FA ligand binding for FABP7 function in tumour proliferation and examined the mechanism of FABP7 and ligand interaction in tumour biology. We discovered that among several FA treatment, oleic acid (OA) boosted cell proliferation of FABP7-expressing cells. In turn, OA increased FABP7 nuclear localization, and the accumulation of FABP7-OA complex in the nucleus induced the formation of nuclear lipid droplet (nLD), as well as an increase in colocalization of nLD with promyelocytic leukaemia (PML) nuclear bodies. Furthermore, OA increased mRNA levels of proliferation-related genes in FABP7-expressing cells through histone acetylation. Interestingly, these OA-boosted functions were abrogated in FABP7-knockout cells and mutant FABP7-overexpressing cells. Thus, our findings suggest that FABP7-OA intracellular interaction may modulate nLD formation and the epigenetic status thereby enhancing transcription of proliferation-regulating genes, ultimately driving tumour cell proliferation.
Topics: Humans; Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 7; Oleic Acid; Lipid Droplets; Ligands; Glioma; Cell Proliferation; Tumor Suppressor Proteins
PubMed: 36325660
DOI: 10.1111/febs.16672