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Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of... Nov 2023Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious intensive care condition. Despite advances in treatment over the previous few decades, ARDS patients still have...
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious intensive care condition. Despite advances in treatment over the previous few decades, ARDS patients still have high fatality rates. Thus, more research is needed to improve the outcomes for people with ARDS. Minocycline is an antibiotic with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. In the current investigation, the therapeutic effects of minocycline on oleic acid-induced ARDS were evaluated. Male rats were classified into 6 groups, 1. control (normal saline), 2. oleic acid (100 µL, i.v.), 3-5. oleic acid + minocycline (50, 100, 200 mg/kg, i.p.), and 6. minocycline (200 mg/kg, i.p.) alone. Twenty-four hours after the oleic acid injection, the lung tissue is isolated, weighed, and the middle part of the right lung is immediately placed in the freezer, while the middle part of the left lung is placed in formalin and sent to the laboratory for pathology testing. Then, the amounts of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), cytokines (interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X (Bax), and cleaved caspase-3 were determined in lung tissue. Administration of oleic acid increased emphysema, inflammation, vascular congestion, hemorrhage, MDA amount, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, cleaved caspase-3, IL-1β, TNF-α levels, and decreased GSH, SOD, and CAT levels in comparison with the control group. The administration of minocycline could significantly reduce pathological and biochemical alterations induced by oleic acid. Minocycline has a therapeutic effect on oleic acid-induced ARDS through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties.
Topics: Humans; Rats; Male; Animals; Minocycline; Oleic Acid; Caspase 3; Antioxidants; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Superoxide Dismutase
PubMed: 37247013
DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02532-3 -
Nutrients Jan 2021We recruited 154 community-dwelling elderly individuals and conducted a cohort study to find out the nutrient intake that is suitable for maintaining cognitive function...
We recruited 154 community-dwelling elderly individuals and conducted a cohort study to find out the nutrient intake that is suitable for maintaining cognitive function in Japanese elders. Cognitive function was evaluated by the two functional tests, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Wechsler Memory Scale-Delayed Recall (WMS-DR), and daily nutrient intake was estimated from a Brief-type Self-administered Diet History Questionnaire (BDHQ). By a multiple regression analysis, among the four major nutrients (protein, fat, carbohydrate and ash), we detected a significant correlation between the score of cognitive functions assessed by both MoCA and WMS-DR and daily consumption of fat ( = 0.0317 and = 0.0111, respectively). Among categories of fatty acid, we found a significant correlation between the score of both MoCA and WMS-DR and consumption of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) ( = 0.0157 and = 0.0136, respectively). Finally, among MUFAs, we observed a significant correlation between the score of both MoCA and WMS-DR and consumption of oleic acid ( = 0.0405 and = 0.0165, respectively). From these observations, we can propose that daily consumption of fat, especially in oleic acid, has a beneficial effect against cognitive decline in community-dwelling Japanese elderly individuals.
Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cognition; Cognitive Dysfunction; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; Dietary Proteins; Educational Status; Female; Humans; Male; Mental Status and Dementia Tests; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; Oleic Acid; Regression Analysis
PubMed: 33498506
DOI: 10.3390/nu13020284 -
Plant Physiology Aug 2022Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) is an important fruit tree in China, and soil salinity is the main constraint affecting jujube production. It is unclear how arbuscular...
Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) is an important fruit tree in China, and soil salinity is the main constraint affecting jujube production. It is unclear how arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis supports jujube adaptation to salt stress. Herein, we performed comparative physiological, ion flux, fatty acid (FA) metabolomic, and transcriptomic analyses to examine the mechanism of AM jujube responding to salt stress. AM seedlings showed better performance during salt stress. AM symbiosis altered phytohormonal levels: indole-3-acetic acid and abscisic acid contents were significantly increased in AM roots and reduced by salt stress. Mycorrhizal colonization enhanced root H+ efflux and K+ influx, while inducing expression of plasma membrane-type ATPase 7 (ZjAHA7) and high-affinity K+ transporter 2 (ZjHAK2) in roots. High K+/Na+ homeostasis was maintained throughout salt exposure. FA content was elevated in AM leaves as well as roots, especially for palmitic acid, oleic acid, trans oleic acid, and linoleic acid, and similar effects were also observed in AM poplar (Populus. alba × Populus. glandulosa cv. 84K) and Medicago truncatula, indicating AM symbiosis elevating FA levels could be a conserved physiological effect. Gene co-expression network analyses uncovered a core gene set including 267 genes in roots associated with AM symbiosis and conserved transcriptional responses, for example, FA metabolism, phytohormone signal transduction, SNARE interaction in vesicular transport, and biotin metabolism. In contrast to widely up-regulated genes related to FA metabolism in AM roots, limited genes were affected in leaves. We propose a model of AM symbiosis-linked reprogramming of FA metabolism and provide a comprehensive insight into AM symbiosis with a woody species adaptation to salt stress.
Topics: Fruit; Mycorrhizae; Oleic Acid; Plant Roots; Salt Stress; Symbiosis; Ziziphus
PubMed: 35604107
DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac239 -
Journal of Oleo Science May 2021The oil recovery from Alyanak apricot kernel was 36.65% in control (unroasted) and increased to 43.77% in microwave-roasted kernels. The total phenolic contents in...
The oil recovery from Alyanak apricot kernel was 36.65% in control (unroasted) and increased to 43.77% in microwave-roasted kernels. The total phenolic contents in extracts from apricot kernel were between 0.06 (oven-roasted) and 0.20 mg GAE/100 g (microwave-roasted) while the antioxidant activity varied between 2.55 (oven-roasted) and 19.34% (microwave-roasted). Gallic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, (+)-catechin and 1,2-dihydroxybenzene were detected as the key phenolic constituents in apricot kernels. Gallic acid contents varied between 0.53 (control) and 1.10 mg/100 g (microwave-roasted) and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid contents were between 0.10 (control) and 0.35 mg/100 g (microwave-roasted). Among apricot oil fatty acids, palmitic acid contents ranged from 4.38 (oven-roasted) to 4.76% (microwave-roasted); oleic acid contents were between 65.73% (oven-roasted) and 66.15% (control) and linoleic acid contents varied between 26.55 (control) and 27.12% (oven-roasted).
Topics: Antioxidants; Catechin; Catechols; Gallic Acid; Hydroxybenzoates; Linoleic Acids; Microwaves; Oleic Acid; Plant Oils; Prunus armeniaca; Seeds
PubMed: 33840664
DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20294 -
Poultry Science Apr 2023This study was conducted to understand the impact of including full fat high-oleic soybean meal in layer hen diets on nutrient digestibility and added nutritional value...
This study was conducted to understand the impact of including full fat high-oleic soybean meal in layer hen diets on nutrient digestibility and added nutritional value in eggs. Forty-eight layers (∼36 wk old) were randomly assigned to one of 4 isonitrogenous (18.5% crude protein) treatment diets with 12 replicate birds per treatment in a 3-wk study. Treatments were 1) solvent extracted defatted soybean meal + corn diet, 2) dry extruded defatted soybean meal + corn, 3) full-fat soybean meal + corn, 4) high-oleic full-fat soybean meal + corn diet. Apparent ileal digestibility of crude fat (CF) and crude protein (CP) were determined using celite (∼2%) as an indigestible marker. Tibia strength and egg quality parameters (egg weight, shell strength, Haugh unit, shell color, and yolk color) were recorded during the study. Fatty acid profiles, including the monounsaturated fatty acid, oleic acid (C18:1, cis), in eggs and adipogenic tissue (liver, muscle, and fat pad) were measured using gas chromatography (GC-FID). Digestibility values of CF ranged from 71 to 84% and CP varied from 67 to 72% for treatment diets, with treatment mean values being no different (P > 0.05) between treatment diets. No differences between treatment diets in tibia strength or egg quality parameters (egg weight, shell strength, and Haugh unit) were observed (P > 0.05) except for yolk color. Similarly, there were no differences in the total lipids in egg yolk (P > 0.05) between treatment diets. However, oleic acid percentage of total lipid in egg and tissue was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in hens given the high-oleic full-fat soybean meal diet than in other treatment groups. No difference was observed in oleic acid percentage of total lipid in egg between the other 3 treatment diets (P > 0.05). Overall, the results exhibited that the eggs and tissue of layer hens fed the full-fat high-oleic acid soybean meal diet were higher in oleic acid while the CF and CP digestibility remained similar to the digestibility of the other diets.
Topics: Animals; Female; Chickens; Oleic Acid; Flour; Diet; Nutrients; Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
PubMed: 36736139
DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102486 -
Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Directly Affects Sebocytes and Modulates Oleic Acid-Induced Lipogenesis.Toxins Oct 2022Excess sebum (seborrhea) results in oily skin and is associated with large pore size and acne. Studies in healthy, seborrheic volunteers have reported that intradermal...
Excess sebum (seborrhea) results in oily skin and is associated with large pore size and acne. Studies in healthy, seborrheic volunteers have reported that intradermal injection of commercial preparations of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) (onabotulinumtoxinA, abobotulinumtoxinA, and incobotulinumtoxinA) reduced sebum production, and thus, skin oiliness and pore size. The mechanism for these effects has not been fully elucidated; however, several theories involving direct or indirect effects of BoNT/A on neuronal and/or dermal cells (e.g., sebocytes) have been proposed. In the present study, we evaluated the direct effect of native research grade BoNT/A complex, a commercial preparation of BoNT/A (onabotA), and BoNT/A variants on sebocyte lipogenesis using an in vitro sebocyte cell model. We show that picomolar concentrations of BoNT/A (BoNT/A complex: half maximal effective concentration [EC] = 24 pM; BoNT/A 150 kDa: EC = 34 pM) modulate sebocyte lipogenesis and reduce oleic acid-induced sebocyte differentiation, lipogenesis, and holocrine-like secretion. Comparative studies with the binding domain of BoNT/A, which lacks enzymatic activity, show that this effect is independent of the enzymatic activity of BoNT/A and likely occurs via sebocyte cell surface receptors (e.g., fibroblast growth factor receptors). Overall, these results shed light on the potential mechanism of action and rationale for use of BoNT/A for treatment of sebum-related conditions.
Topics: Humans; Botulinum Toxins, Type A; Lipogenesis; Oleic Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor
PubMed: 36287976
DOI: 10.3390/toxins14100708 -
Cells Aug 2019Metabolic overload by saturated fatty acids (SFA), which comprises β-cell function, and impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion are frequently observed in...
Metabolic overload by saturated fatty acids (SFA), which comprises β-cell function, and impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion are frequently observed in patients suffering from obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The increase of intracellular Ca triggers insulin granule release, therefore several mechanisms regulate Ca efflux within the β-cells, among others, the plasma membrane Ca-ATPase (PMCA). In this work, we describe that lipotoxicity mediated mainly by the saturated palmitic acid (PA) (16C) is associated with loss of protein homeostasis (proteostasis) and potentially cell viability, a phenomenon that was induced to a lesser extent by stearic (18C), myristic (14C) and lauric (12C) acids. PA was localized on endoplasmic reticulum, activating arms of the unfolded protein response (UPR), as also promoted by lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-endotoxins. In particular, our findings demonstrate an alteration in PMCA1/4 expression caused by PA and LPS which trigger the UPR, affecting not only insulin release and contributing to β-cell mass reduction, but also increasing reactive nitrogen species. Nonetheless, stearic acid (SA) did not show these effects. Remarkably, the proteolytic degradation of PMCA1/4 prompted by PA and LPS was avoided by the action of monounsaturated fatty acids such as oleic and palmitoleic acid. Oleic acid recovered cell viability after treatment with PA/LPS and, more interestingly, relieved endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. While palmitoleic acid improved the insulin release, this fatty acid seems to have more relevant effects upon the expression of regulatory pumps of intracellular Ca. Therefore, chain length and unsaturation of fatty acids are determinant cues in proteostasis of β-cells and, consequently, on the regulation of calcium and insulin secretion.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cell Line; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; Insulin Secretion; Insulin-Secreting Cells; Lipopolysaccharides; Oleic Acid; Palmitic Acid; Plasma Membrane Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Proteostasis; Rats; Unfolded Protein Response
PubMed: 31412623
DOI: 10.3390/cells8080884 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2022In recent years there has been an extensive search for nature-based products with functional potential. All structural parts of (bladder cherry), including fruits,...
In recent years there has been an extensive search for nature-based products with functional potential. All structural parts of (bladder cherry), including fruits, pulp, and less-explored parts, such as seeds and peel, can be considered sources of functional macro- and micronutrients, bioactive compounds, such as vitamins, minerals, polyphenols, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and dietetic fiber. The chemical composition of all fruit structural parts (seeds, peel, and pulp) of two phenotypes of were studied. The seeds were found to be a rich source of oil, yielding 14-17%, with abundant amounts of unsaturated fatty acids (over 88%) and tocopherols, or vitamin E (up to 5378 mg/kg dw; dry weight). The predominant fatty acid in the seed oils was linoleic acid, followed by oleic acid. The seeds contained most of the fruit's protein (16-19% dw) and fiber (6-8% dw). The peel oil differed significantly from the seed oil in fatty acid and tocopherol composition. Seed cakes, the waste after oil extraction, contained arginine and aspartic acid as the main amino acids; valine, phenylalanine, threonine, and isoleucine were present in slightly higher amounts than the other essential amino acids. They were also rich in key minerals, such as K, Mg, Fe, and Zn. From the peel and pulp fractions were extracted fruit concretes, aromatic products with specific fragrance profiles, of which volatile compositions (GC-MS) were identified. The major volatiles in peel and pulp concretes were β-linalool, α-pinene, and γ-terpinene. The results from the investigation substantiated the potential of all the studied fruit structures as new sources of bioactive compounds that could be used as prospective sources in human and animal nutrition, while the aroma-active compounds in the concretes supported the plant's potential in perfumery and cosmetics.
Topics: Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Fatty Acids; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Fruit; Humans; Isoleucine; Linoleic Acid; Oleic Acid; Phenylalanine; Physalis; Plant Oils; Prospective Studies; Seeds; Threonine; Tocopherols; Valine; Vitamins
PubMed: 36144521
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185787 -
Scientific Reports Jul 2021Fatty acids (FA) have a multitude of biological actions on living cells. A target of their action is cell motility, a process of critical importance during cancer cell...
Fatty acids (FA) have a multitude of biological actions on living cells. A target of their action is cell motility, a process of critical importance during cancer cell dissemination. Here, we studied the effect of unsaturated FA on ovarian cancer cell migration in vitro and its role in regulating cytoskeleton structures that are essential for cell motility. Scratch wound assays on human ovary cancer SKOV-3 cell monolayers revealed that low doses (16 μM) of linoleic acid (LA, 18:2 ω6) and oleic acid (OA; 18:1 ω9) promoted migration, while α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3 ω3), showed a migration rate similar to that of the control group. Single cell tracking demonstrated that LA and OA-treated cells migrated faster and were more orientated towards the wound closure than control. In vitro addition of those FA resulted in an increased number, length and protrusion speed of filopodia and also in a prominent and dynamic lamellipodia at the cell leading edge. Using time-lapse video-microscopy and FRAP we observed an increase in both the speed and frequency of actin waves associated with more mobile actin and augmented Rac1 activity. We also observed that FA induced microtubule-organizing center (MTOC)-orientation towards the cell front and affected the dynamics of microtubules (MT) in the direction of cell migration. We propose that environmental cues such as OA and LA present in ascitic fluid, should be taken into account as key factors for the regulation of cell migration.
Topics: Actin Cytoskeleton; Ascitic Fluid; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Linoleic Acid; Microtubules; Oleic Acid; Ovarian Neoplasms; Single-Cell Analysis; Time-Lapse Imaging; Up-Regulation; rac1 GTP-Binding Protein
PubMed: 34294745
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94399-8 -
The American Journal of Clinical... Apr 2022High-oleic acid (OA) vegetable oils are replacing some traditional vegetable oils in the US food supply. This may lead to reduced intake of the essential fatty acids...
BACKGROUND
High-oleic acid (OA) vegetable oils are replacing some traditional vegetable oils in the US food supply. This may lead to reduced intake of the essential fatty acids (EFAs) linoleic acid (18:2n-6) and α-linolenic acid (18:3n-3) in children, who need EFAs for growth and development and reduced risk for cardiometabolic disease into adulthood.
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this study were the following: 1) to estimate trends in daily intake of EFAs among children aged 1-8 y, 2) identify top food sources of EFAs, and 3) evaluate the effects of replacing traditional oils with high-OA oils on meeting daily recommended intakes of EFAs.
METHODS
Dietary data from 7814 children aged 1-8 y were acquired from the NHANES (2007-2016). Using a diet model, we evaluated the effect of replacing 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of traditional oils with high-OA oils on meeting adequate intakes (AIs) for EFAs.
RESULTS
Major food sources of EFAs among all age-sex groups were grain dishes (35-40% of daily intake), meat and seafood dishes (17-21%), and fruit and vegetable dishes (12-14%). Replacing 40% or more of traditional oils with high-OA oil varieties will lead to inadequate daily intakes of EFAs.
CONCLUSION
Replacement of traditional vegetable oils with high-OA varieties will place children at risk of not meeting the AI levels for EFAs. A balanced approach of including traditional oils and high-OA oils in the US food supply is needed to prevent inadequate intakes of EFAs in children.
Topics: Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; Fatty Acids; Fatty Acids, Essential; Humans; Infant; Nutrition Surveys; Oleic Acid; Plant Oils
PubMed: 34910115
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab407