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Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports Mar 2023infection can experimentally ameliorate many autoimmune diseases. However, the immune mechanism of the amelioration and the identification of corresponding -derived...
infection can experimentally ameliorate many autoimmune diseases. However, the immune mechanism of the amelioration and the identification of corresponding -derived molecule(s) are still not fully elucidated. Fifty-three kDa excretory-secretory (ES) protein from (Tpp53) is a molecule like TsP53 reported as a protein exerting immune-inhibitory effect in . In this study, we investigated the immunomodulatory effect of Tpp53 using imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis model, which is a mouse model of autoimmune disease with the pathogenic interleukin 17 (IL-17) producing CD4 T cells (Th17) via IL-23/IL17 axis. Administrating the recombinant Tpp53 (rTpp53) mixed with IMQ cream on the skin of mice ameliorated psoriatic lesions, as revealed by the improvement of erythema, scaling, skin thickening, epidermis hyperplasia and parakeratosis, thickening of acanthosis cell layer, epidermal extension of dermis, less infiltration of inflammatory cells, and decreased expression of inflammatory marker. The increased expression of the factors related to the IL-23/IL-17 axis, including IL-17A, IL-6, Il17F and Il23a, in the skins of IMQ-treated mice was inhibited by rTpp53 treatment. Moreover, the expression of activated keratinocyte-produced cytokines, chemokines, and antimicrobial peptides in the skin was also down-regulated in rTpp53-treated IMQ-treated mice. Co-culture of splenocytes with rTpp53 inhibited IL-17A and treatment of macrophages with rTpp53 reduced IL-6 production. Overall, our study revealed that the -secreted 53 kDa ES protein could ameliorate IMQ-induced psoriasis by inhibiting the IL-23/IL-17 axis, suggesting that Tpp53 might involve in regulating host Th17 for immune evasion and have an alternative potential for psoriasis therapy.
PubMed: 36620087
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101415 -
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology Jul 2022
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Humans; Nail Diseases; Nails; Parakeratosis; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 35416321
DOI: 10.1111/cup.14241 -
Histopathology Nov 2020Verruciform xanthoma (VX) is an uncommon lesion, seen in the oral mucosa and rarely occurring at cutaneous genital sites. Reports of exceptional VX presentations...
AIMS
Verruciform xanthoma (VX) is an uncommon lesion, seen in the oral mucosa and rarely occurring at cutaneous genital sites. Reports of exceptional VX presentations dominate the literature; herein, we assess the clinical and histological features of a cohort of routine, consecutive cases.
METHODS AND RESULTS
Clinicopathological features of genital VXs from four academic centres were reviewed. A cohort of 25 lesions from 24 patients (22 male, two female; median age = 62 years), occurred on the scrotum (84%), penis (8%) and perineum/vulva (8%). VX was never suspected clinically; considerations ranged from fibroepithelial polyps to squamous cell carcinoma. Classic diagnostic criteria were present at least focally in each lesion, including verrucous architecture, prominent wedge-shaped parakeratosis extending between exophytic epidermal projections and neutrophils in the stratum corneum. Xanthomatous cells were present in all cases, but scattered to rare in 24%.
CONCLUSIONS
Consecutive genital VXs reliably exhibited classic histopathological features, although the essential finding of xanthomatous cells may be scarce. Our comparison to meta-analyses of published cases found relatively fewer penile and vulvar examples. Additionally, the median age was older than in published series, which have emphasised syndromic associations.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Genital Diseases, Male; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Xanthomatosis
PubMed: 32598505
DOI: 10.1111/his.14198 -
Skin Appendage Disorders Nov 2019Nail clipping histology is more sensitive than mycology for detecting nail fungi. However, in the absence of fungi, established diagnostic clues for this and other nail...
BACKGROUND
Nail clipping histology is more sensitive than mycology for detecting nail fungi. However, in the absence of fungi, established diagnostic clues for this and other nail dystrophy causes are lacking, namely for nail psoriasis. Neutrophils have been reported in onychomycosis and nail psoriasis samples but have been insufficiently characterized.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this paper is to differentiate neutrophil-containing nail clipping samples in nail psoriasis and onychomycosis regarding histology.
METHODS
We performed a 3-year retrospective review of all nail clipping test results included in our department's database and re-analyzed samples containing neutrophils.
RESULTS
In total,112 neutrophil-containing nail clipping samples were accounted. Onychomycosis was the commonest diagnosis (74.1%), followed by nail psoriasis (18.8%). Onychomycosis samples had more abundant neutrophils, more often arranged in collections (60.2%) ( = 0.002) and with smaller quantities of parakeratosis, in a lamellar distribution. In nail psoriasis, neutrophils were mostly aggregated (57.1%) with parakeratosis in all samples, in increased amounts, and showing no predominant pattern.
CONCLUSIONS
Neutrophils are present in both nail psoriasis and onychomycosis, warranting careful interpretation. However, less dense aggregates of neutrophils with more abundant parakeratosis are clues of nail psoriasis when all other fungal tests are negative.
PubMed: 31799261
DOI: 10.1159/000499542 -
Dermatology Reports Mar 2023Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp (EPD) is a rare condition that affects predominantly the adult population and occurs on a previously photo-damaged bald scalp....
Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp (EPD) is a rare condition that affects predominantly the adult population and occurs on a previously photo-damaged bald scalp. The physical examination is presented with large erythematous, erosive and crusted patches with granulation on an atrophic skin. The problem in patients with erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp arises from the non-specific clinical and histopathological findings, which can be misleading. Biopsy followed by careful histopathological verification is mandatory, although the finding is nonspecific. The histopathology findings are characterized by superficial erosions with mild neutrophil infiltrate, mainly intravascular and focally with neutrophil exocytosis; focal parakeratosis, smoothed rete ridges without pronounced interface changes; pronounced lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with focal distribution in the dermis and giant cell reaction with the formation of a "foreign body" granuloma.. We report a 58-year-old male patient with a 1-year-old lesion, suspected for skin cancer, later diagnosed with EPDS, which was successfully treated with topical clobetasol proprionate after 3-5weeks.
PubMed: 37063403
DOI: 10.4081/dr.2022.9556 -
Head and Neck Pathology Dec 2021White lesions on the gingiva and palatal mucosa may represent reactive keratoses, including specific diseases such as benign alveolar ridge keratosis, or nonreactive...
White lesions on the gingiva and palatal mucosa may represent reactive keratoses, including specific diseases such as benign alveolar ridge keratosis, or nonreactive keratoses, such as true leukoplakia, the latter being associated with a high recurrence rate at this site. The aim of this study is to determine the histopathologic features of gingival keratoses. Hyperkeratotic lesions from the gingiva, palatal mucosa, and alveolar ridge mucosa were available for evaluation after excluding specific keratotic lesions such as candidiasis. There were 321 biopsies from 296 patients and approximately half of the cases (159/321, 49.5%) were reactive keratoses. The rest of the 162 biopsies from 149 patients (76 females; 51.0%) represented true leukoaplakias. The most common location was the gingiva (73.2%) followed by the palatal mucosa (17.0%). Hyperkeratosis/parakeratosis not reactive (HkNR) represented 43.8% of cases; 45.7% were dysplasia or carcinoma, and the rest were not readily classifiable as reactive or non-reactive keratoses. Histopathologic features commonly noted in the HkNR lesions include sharp demarcation (72.7%), corrugated surface (53.5%), and epithelial atrophy (48.1%). A lymphocytic band was noted in 8.5% of the cases, mostly associated with epithelial atrophy (5/6 cases). Seven patients with 17 biopsies from noncontiguous sites likely had proliferative leukoplakia; the most common location was the gingiva (88.2%) and the most common diagnosis was HkNR (52.9%). HkNR is a common histopathologic diagnosis for leukoplakias on the gingiva, and these lesions frequently exhibit thick hyperkeratosis, epithelial atrophy and a lymphocytic band at the interface.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biopsy; Female; Gingival Diseases; Humans; Leukoplakia, Oral; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 34057694
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-021-01333-5 -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia Jul 2019Of all nail disorders seen in dermatology offices, half of them are due to onychomycosis. The main differential diagnosis is nail psoriasis. The objective of this study...
BACKGROUND
Of all nail disorders seen in dermatology offices, half of them are due to onychomycosis. The main differential diagnosis is nail psoriasis. The objective of this study was to compare the microscopic findings, other than the presence of fungi, in the clipping of onychomycosis versus normal nails and nail psoriasis.
METHODS
Cross-sectional study of onychomycosis cases, analyzed by clipping and compared with data on normal nails and those with nail psoriasis.
RESULTS
Sixty-two onychomycosis samples were compared with 30 normal nails and 50 nails with psoriasis. In onychomycosis, measurement of subungual region, serous lakes, neutrophils and number of layers of parakeratosis are more intense than in psoriasis. Onychocariosis is less common in psoriasis, while bacteria are more frequent. The nail transition zone is more commonly blurred and irregular in onychomycosis.
CONCLUSION
Clipping helps in the differential diagnosis of onychomycosis and nail psoriasis and may be useful even when fungi are not found.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Nail Diseases; Nails; Neutrophils; Onychomycosis; Parakeratosis; Psoriasis
PubMed: 31365667
DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20198301 -
Romanian Journal of Morphology and... 2021Turner syndrome (TS) is characterized by partial or complete loss of a sexual chromosome, resulting in an incomplete development of the body, gonadic failure, cardiac...
Turner syndrome (TS) is characterized by partial or complete loss of a sexual chromosome, resulting in an incomplete development of the body, gonadic failure, cardiac and renal abnormalities, oro-dental changes, etc. In our study, we proposed to perform a histological and immunohistochemical (IHC) study of the periodontium changes in patients with TS. The biological material under study was represented by fragments of gingival mucosa harvested from 18 patients with TS who presented advanced periodontal lesions and required dental extractions. The fragments of gingival mucosa were processed by the classical histological technique of paraffin inclusion, subsequently the obtained sections being stained by the Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) and examined under the optical microscope. For the IHC study, there were performed serial sections incubated with anti-cluster of differentiation (CD) 3, anti-CD20 and anti-CD68 antibodies for highlighting immune cells, as well as with anti-matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and anti-MMP8 antibodies for highlighting MMPs (MMP2 and MMP8) involved in the periodontal tissue lesions. In the present study, during the histological examination, there were observed morphological changes, both in the epithelium and in the gingival mucosa chorion. Epithelial changes consisted in the onset of acanthosis processes, in the thickening of the epithelium due to the increase of the spinous layer, as well as in the parakeratosis phenomenon. In the chorion, there was observed the presence of inflammatory infiltrates in various stages, presence of fibrosis (extended in some cases) and the presence of an important vascularization in some cases, with a high number of immunocompetent cells involved in the inborn immune response, but also in the adaptive one, as well as a more or less intense immunoexpression of MMP2 and MMP8. Our study suggests that TS may contribute to the development of some inflammatory processes in the marginal periodontium.
Topics: Epithelium; Gingiva; Humans; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; Periodontal Ligament; Periodontium; Turner Syndrome
PubMed: 34609427
DOI: 10.47162/RJME.62.1.24 -
Cancers Nov 2021Background-Actinic keratoses (AKs) are the most common sun-induced precancerous lesions that can progress to squamocellular carcinoma (SCC). Recently, the...
Background-Actinic keratoses (AKs) are the most common sun-induced precancerous lesions that can progress to squamocellular carcinoma (SCC). Recently, the grade-independent association between AKs and SCC has been suggested; however, the molecular bases of this potential association have not been investigated. This study has assessed the metabolomic fingerprint of AK I, AK II, AK III and SCC using high resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in order to evaluate the hypothesis of grade-independent association between AK and SCC. Association between AKs and SCCs has also been evaluated by histopathology. Methods-Metabolomic data were obtained through HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy. The whole spectral profiles were analyzed through multivariate statistical analysis using MetaboAnalyst 5.0. Histologic examination was performed on sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin; statistical analysis was performed using STATA software version 14. Results-A group of 35 patients affected by AKs and/or SCCs and 10 healthy controls were enrolled for metabolomics analysis. Histopathological analysis was conducted on 170 specimens of SCCs and AKs (including the ones that underwent metabolomic analysis). SCCs and AK I were found to be significantly associated in terms of the content of some metabolites. Moreover, in the logistic regression model, the presence of parakeratosis in AKs appeared to be less frequently associated with SCCs, while AKs with hypertrophy had a two-fold higher risk of being associated with SCC. Conclusions-Our findings, derived from metabolomics and histopathological data, support the notion that AK I are different from healthy skin and share some different features with SCCs. This may further support the expanding notion that all AKs should be treated independently from their clinical appearance or histological grade because they may be associated with SCC.
PubMed: 34771721
DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215560 -
Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2021Methotrexate (MTX), the gold standard against psoriasis, poses severe problems when administered systemically viz increased toxicity, poor solubility and adverse...
Methotrexate (MTX), the gold standard against psoriasis, poses severe problems when administered systemically viz increased toxicity, poor solubility and adverse reactions. Hence, a topical formulation of MTX for the management of psoriasis can be an effective approach. The present study aimed to develop an MTX based nanoparticle-loaded chitosan hydrogel for evaluating its potential efficacy in an imiquimod-induced psoriatic mice model. MTX-NPs loaded hydrogel was prepared and optimized using the o/w emulsion solvent evaporation method. Particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, in vitro drug release, ex vivo permeation, skin irritation and deposition studies were performed. Psoriatic Area and Severity Index (PASI) score/histopathological examinations were conducted to check the antipsoriatic potential of MTX-NPs loaded hydrogel using an imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriatic model. Optimized MTX-NPs showed a particle size of 256.4 ± 2.17 nm and encapsulation efficiency of 86 ± 0.03%. MTX-NPs loaded hydrogel displayed a 73 ± 1.21% sustained drug release in 48 h. Ex vivo permeation study showed only 19.95 ± 1.04 µg/cm of drug permeated though skin in 24 h, while epidermis retained 81.33% of the drug. A significant decrease in PASI score with improvement to normalcy of mice skin was observed. The developed MTX-NPs hydrogel displayed negligible signs of mild hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis, while histopathological studies showed healing signs of mice skin. So, the MTX-NPs loaded hydrogel can be a promising delivery system against psoriasis.
PubMed: 34947782
DOI: 10.3390/nano11123433