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Veterinary Research Forum : An... 2022The development of tooth is a complex process wherein there is a series of interactions between the ectoderm and ectomesenchyme. Hyperdontia (also called supernumerary...
The development of tooth is a complex process wherein there is a series of interactions between the ectoderm and ectomesenchyme. Hyperdontia (also called supernumerary teeth) is a developmental abnormality being additional to the normal series of teeth with unknown etiology and is rare in ruminants. In this report, a rare case with two abnormal teeth outside the alveolar region, observed in a healthy 3-month-old female lamb was presented. The congenital defect consisted of the presence of 2 teeth positioned bilaterally in the caudal part of the mandible ramus and under the prominent pendulous skin; so, with retraction of prominent pendulous skin, these ectopic teeth were seen outside of the skin. The anomaly was found during a routine physical examination and no other congenital abnormalities were found in the lamb. The etiology of supernumerary teeth is not completely understood. This odontogenic abnormality appears to be an extraordinarily rare condition. Genetic, toxic, infectious or environmental factors related to congenital abnormalities affect the tooth growth. Depending on the supernumerary teeth position, surgery may be required.
PubMed: 36686875
DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2022.544325.3313 -
PhytoKeys 2022A new genus, A.Orejuela & Särkinen, , is described in the tribe Solandreae (Solanaceae) consisting of four species of hemiepiphytic lianas endemic to the premontane...
A new genus, A.Orejuela & Särkinen, , is described in the tribe Solandreae (Solanaceae) consisting of four species of hemiepiphytic lianas endemic to the premontane forests of the Colombian and Ecuadorian Andes. The genus is distinguished based on the membranous leaves, usually sparsely pubescent with eglandular simple trichomes, pseudo-verticillate leaf arrangement, and elongated, pendulous, and few-flowered inflorescences with showy flowers and conical fruits. Three new combinations are made to transfer species to the new genus previously described as part of the polyphyletic genus Rich. ( (S.Knapp) A.Orejuela & Särkinen, , (A.Orejuela & J.M.Vélez) A.Orejuela & Särkinen, and (Hunz.) A.Orejuela & Särkinen, ). One new species is described from the western slopes of the eastern cordillera of the Colombian Andes, known only from three localities in the Boyacá, Santander, and Tolima departments ( A.Orejuela & Villanueva, ). The new species is unique in the genus in having glabrescent adult leaves, green-purplish calyces and long, greenish-white, infundibuliform corollas with delicate purplish veins and large lobes tinged with purple, and pubescent styles. Here we provide a revision of with a distribution map of all species, an identification key, photographs, preliminary conservation assessments, and line drawings of all four species.
PubMed: 36761819
DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.202.82101 -
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic... Mar 2022A male Malayan tiger cub developed well-circumscribed, erythematous, alopecic lesions on the face, torso, and paws when 1-wk-old. Biopsies of a torso lesion and a right...
A male Malayan tiger cub developed well-circumscribed, erythematous, alopecic lesions on the face, torso, and paws when 1-wk-old. Biopsies of a torso lesion and a right front paw lesion at 1-mo-old confirmed cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs). MCTs on the paws grew into pendulous masses up to 6.5 cm in diameter by 3-mo-old, but those on the face and torso regressed. Fine-needle aspiration of the spleen at 3-mo-old revealed marked mast cell infiltration. The spleen and the right paw cutaneous MCT were removed; the paw MCT recurred within 7 d. A 12-bp tandem duplication, suggesting a somatic mutation, was identified in exon 8 of in DNA extracted from the cutaneous MCT on the right paw and from one over the torso, but not from the spleen. Remaining MCTs on the paws regressed slowly following splenectomy and had completely regressed by 1-y-old. At 7-y-old, there was no recurrence of any mast cell disease. Mast cell disease in this tiger cub is similar to a report in a domestic kitten and to pediatric mastocytosis in humans, which commonly begins in infancy, improves by adolescence, and is associated with somatic c-kit mutations. To our knowledge, mastocytosis has not been reported previously in a juvenile exotic felid.
Topics: Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Female; Male; Mastocytosis; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit; Spleen; Tigers
PubMed: 35075959
DOI: 10.1177/10406387221074709 -
BMC Gastroenterology Sep 2020We investigated whether duodenal major papilla morphology could be a risk factor for failure of selective biliary cannulation (SBC) and post endoscopic retrograde... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
We investigated whether duodenal major papilla morphology could be a risk factor for failure of selective biliary cannulation (SBC) and post endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and pancreatography (ERCP) complications.
METHODS
A prospectively recorded database was reviewed retrospectively. Patients were included if they received therapeutic ERCP and had naïve major duodenal papilla. We used Haraldsson's classification for papilla morphology, as follows: Regular (Type 1), Small (Type 2), Protruding or Pendulous (Type 3) and Creased or Ridged (Type 4). Risk factors for failing SBC and post-ERCP complications were analyzed by multivariate analysis.
RESULTS
A total of 286 cases were included. Age, gender, indications and therapeutic procedures were not different among the four types of papillae. The failure rates of SBC with Type 3 papilla and Type 4 papilla were 11.11% and 6.25%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, Type 2 papilla (odd ratio 7.18, p = 0.045) and Type 3 papilla (odd ratio 7.44, p = 0.016) were associated with greater SBC failure compared with Type 1 papilla. Malignant obstruction compared to stone (odds ratio 4.45, p = 0.014) and age (odd ratio = 1.06, p = 0.010) were also risk factors for cannulation failure. Type 2 papilla was correlated with a higher rate of post-ERCP pancreatitis (20%, p = 0.020) compared to the other types of papilla However, papilla morphology was not a significant risk factor for any complications in the multivariate analysis.
CONCLUSION
Small papilla and protruding or pendulous papilla are more difficult to cannulate compared to regular papilla. Small papilla is associated with a higher rate of post-ERCP pancreatitis.
Topics: Ampulla of Vater; Catheterization; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; Humans; Pancreatitis; Retrospective Studies; Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic
PubMed: 32988368
DOI: 10.1186/s12876-020-01455-0 -
Case Reports in Surgery 2020. Giant lipomas, which are greater than 10 cm, are rare, cosmetically unacceptable, and deteriorate the quality of daily living. Removal of giant abdominal lipomas...
. Giant lipomas, which are greater than 10 cm, are rare, cosmetically unacceptable, and deteriorate the quality of daily living. Removal of giant abdominal lipomas either by liposuction, excision, or both, can lead to the formation of a loose, pendulous drooping abdomen, and abdominal wall laxity, which is aesthetically displeasing. The objective of this case report is to highlight an easy approach to treat giant abdominal lipoma through therapeutic abdominoplasty. . In this case, a 29-year-old man with a known case of hypothyroidism and HCV was in remission but had a huge abdominal mass on his lower left side; it progressed for 7 years and increased in size and caused discomfort. His BMI was 29.53 and the mass measured about 15 × 13 cm. All other investigations were normal and showed no malignancies. He underwent excision of the giant abdominal lipoma using a standard abdominoplasty approach. . In conclusion, in selected patients, giant abdominal lipomas can be successfully excised along with the redundant abdominal skin.
PubMed: 32095309
DOI: 10.1155/2020/7875169 -
Translational Andrology and Urology Dec 2019A mild increase in testicular and epididymal temperatures in men, bulls and rams (pendulous scrotum) inhibits spermatogenesis and increases the percentage of sperm with...
BACKGROUND
A mild increase in testicular and epididymal temperatures in men, bulls and rams (pendulous scrotum) inhibits spermatogenesis and increases the percentage of sperm with an abnormal morphology. However, the stages of spermatogenesis that are most sensitive to a mild increase in testicular temperature in men are unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of a mild induced increase in testicular and epididymal temperature (i.e., testicular temperature maintained below the core body temperature) on sperm morphology in humans depending on the physiological time of spermatogenesis and epididymal transit.
METHODS
Five healthy volunteers were enrolled in an experimental study in which testicular and epididymal temperatures were increased by maintaining the testes in a supra-scrotal position with a specially designed underwear worn 15±1 h a day for 120 consecutive days. Semen collection was scheduled on specific days depending on spermatogenic stages and epididymal transit.
RESULTS
Sperm morphology and the multiple anomalies index (MAI) were analysed before, during and after heating. This mild induced increase in testicular and epididymal temperatures resulted in a significant rise in the percentage of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa on day 34 of heating, which remained elevated throughout the heating period and persisted until 45 days after cessation of heating. The MAI was significantly increased on day 20 throughout the heating period and persisted 45 days after cessation of heating. An increase in the percentage of anomalies in the sperm head, acrosome or tail occurred on days 34 and/or 45 of heating. Abnormal sperm morphology and MAI reverted to control values 73 days after cessation of heating.
CONCLUSIONS
A mild sustained increase in testicular and epididymal temperature in man leads morphological abnormalities in spermatozoa mainly due to an impairment of spermiogenesis and meiosis.
PubMed: 32038961
DOI: 10.21037/tau.2019.11.18 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Dec 2023China has rich genetic resources of local pig breeds. In this study, whole-genome resequencing was performed on five Shanghai local pig breeds, aiming to analyze their...
China has rich genetic resources of local pig breeds. In this study, whole-genome resequencing was performed on five Shanghai local pig breeds, aiming to analyze their population genetic structure and unique genomic characteristics. Tens of millions of single nucleotide variants were obtained through the resequencing of a total of 150 individual pigs from five local pig breeds (Meishan, Fengjing, Shawutou, Pudong White, and Shanghai White) after mapping them with the pig reference genome of 11.1. The results of admixture structure analysis also clearly demonstrated the genetic differences between the Shanghai local pig breeds and the three commercial pig breeds (Duroc, Landrace, and Yorkshire). The genetic infiltration of Landrace and Yorkshire pig breeds in the SHW breed was detected, which is consistent with the early history of crossbreeding in this breed. Selective sweep analysis between four indigenous Shanghai pig breed populations and three commercial pig breed populations identified 270 and 224 genes with selective signatures in the commercial and indigenous Shanghai pig populations, respectively. Six genes (, , , , , and ) were found to be associated with animal growth in the commercial pig population through gene enrichment and protein-protein interaction analysis. In contrast, the gene in the indigenous Shanghai pig population was significantly under selection, which correlated with the long pendulous ear phenotype of the indigenous Shanghai pig population. In conclusion, this study is the first genomic profiling of five representative local pig breeds in Shanghai, which provides molecular genetic data and foundations for better conservation and utilization of local pig breed resources in Shanghai, China.
PubMed: 38067078
DOI: 10.3390/ani13233727 -
Two new pendulous epiphytic L. (Gesneriaceae) species from the Chocó forests of the Northern Andes.PhytoKeys 2022Exploratory field expeditions to the Chocó forests in the northwestern slopes of the Ecuadorian and Colombian Andes resulted in the discovery of two new species of...
Exploratory field expeditions to the Chocó forests in the northwestern slopes of the Ecuadorian and Colombian Andes resulted in the discovery of two new species of (Gesneriaceae). J.L.Clark & F.Tobar, , is described as a narrow endemic from Bosque Protector Mashpi and surrounding areas in the province of Pichincha in northern Ecuador. F.Tobar, J.L.Clark & J.F.Sm., , is described from recently discovered populations in the provinces of Carchi and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas (Ecuador) and the departments of Cauca and Nariño in southwestern Colombia. The two new species are pendent epiphytes with elongate shoots and shallowly bilabiate to nearly tubular corollas. Descriptions, complete specimen citations, and a distribution map are provided. Based on IUCN guidelines, a preliminary conservation status of Critically Endangered (CR) is provided for and Endangered (EN) is provided for .
PubMed: 36762031
DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673 -
Cureus Oct 2023Massive localized lymphedema (MLL) is an emerging clinical phenomenon predominantly observed in morbidly obese individuals. It presents both diagnostic and therapeutic...
Massive localized lymphedema (MLL) is an emerging clinical phenomenon predominantly observed in morbidly obese individuals. It presents both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges to clinicians due to its characterization by large, pendulous masses in the abdomen or thigh. MLL may resemble malignant conditions, such as liposarcoma, leading to unnecessary invasive interventions. This study presents two case studies: a 74-year-old male who succumbed to postoperative complications and a 56-year-old female who experienced successful recovery. These cases highlight the urgent need for robust diagnostic criteria and evidence-based management approaches for MLL. In addition, further research exploring the pathogenesis, risk factors, and potential connections among MLL, hypothyroidism, and angiosarcoma is essential.
PubMed: 38021692
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47092 -
ZooKeys 2022A new giant species is described from New South Wales, Australia. differs from described Australian species and is most similar to (Pallas, 1788), Izuka, 1912, and...
A new giant species is described from New South Wales, Australia. differs from described Australian species and is most similar to (Pallas, 1788), Izuka, 1912, and Ehlers, 1868. The unique combination of features that characterizes the new species is irregular articulated prostomial appendages; antennae reaching back beyond chaetiger 4; branchiae starting at chaetiger 10, initially button-shaped and distinctly longer than notopodial cirri where best developed; dorsal fleshy knobs on anterior chaetal lobes; notopodial cirri pendulous, abrupt tapering from inflated bases; bidentate compound falcigerous chaetae with both teeth directed laterally, distal tooth much shorter than proximal tooth in median and posterior chaetigers; and dark bidentate subacicular hooks starting at chaetiger 58, tapering to a small head with both teeth directed distally, and proximal tooth much larger than minute and spur-like distal tooth. This new species lives in sandy sediments in coastal waters 1-8 m deep. It is highly mobile and not easy to collect, which may explain why it was not described before.
PubMed: 36761804
DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1118.86448