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Disease Markers 2022To explore the effect of IR on the metabolism of PCOS by analyzing the changes in FF metabolites in PCOS patients who are undergoing assisted reproductive technology...
AIMS
To explore the effect of IR on the metabolism of PCOS by analyzing the changes in FF metabolites in PCOS patients who are undergoing assisted reproductive technology based on the metabonomic platform of ultraperformance gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
METHOD
Eight PCOS patients with IR (PCOS-IR) and 8 PCOS patients without IR (PCOS-NIR) were enrolled. All patients received controlled ovarian stimulation by using the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol, and the FF of a single dominant follicle was collected on the day of oocyte retrieval. The metabolite profiles of the FF were determined by GC/MS. . A total of 20 differentially expressed metabolites in FF were identified. Compared with levels in the PCOS-NIR group, stearic acid, palmitic acid, pentadecanoic acid, stigmasterol, citric acid, isocitric acid, thymine, and pyruvic acid in FF were significantly increased in the PCOS-IR group. Lithocholic acid and sinapinic acid in FF decreased significantly. The affected metabolic pathways with potential regulatory roles were identified by KEGG annotation.
CONCLUSION
Compared with the PCOS-NIR group, the PCOS-IR group showed more significant metabolic abnormalities. . These results will help us to understand the pathogenesis of PCOS combined with IR and will provide new clues for studying metabolic disorders associated with PCOS, e.g., IR.
Topics: Female; Follicular Fluid; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Metabolomics; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
PubMed: 35465261
DOI: 10.1155/2022/6877541 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Jul 2023Historically, some edible insects have been processed into a complex of insect and fungus, such as and . Until now, the dynamics of the nutritional changes due to this...
Historically, some edible insects have been processed into a complex of insect and fungus, such as and . Until now, the dynamics of the nutritional changes due to this infection were unclear. This study reveals the dynamic changes in nutritional components of pupa after infection with at post-infection time points of 0 d, 10 d, 20 d, and 30 d. The dynamic analysis of the components at different post-infection times showed that the content of polysaccharides and cordycepin increased with time while the content of fats and chitin decreased. The content of proteins showed a trend of decreasing at the beginning and then increasing. The essential amino acids (EAAs) decreased at the beginning and then increased, and non-essential amino acids (NEAA) changed similarly. The essential amino acid index showed a slight continuous decrease. Although the crude fat decreased dramatically due to the infection, from a value of 30.75% to 7.2%, the infection of . produced five new fatty acids (14-methyl-pentadecanoic acid, docosanoic acid, succinic acid, arachidonic acid, and myristic acid) while the content of the seven fatty acids was greatly reduced after infection. Therefore, after being infected by . and combined with it, the nutritional profile of pupa was changed significantly and there were different characteristics at different infection stages. The above findings provide scientifically fundamental data to understand the nutritional value of the insect-fungus complex as human food and animal feed.
PubMed: 37509888
DOI: 10.3390/foods12142796 -
Psychiatria Polska Jun 2022To assess attachment styles among adolescents (13-16 years) with ADHD or ADHD and oppositional defiant disorders (ODD).
OBJECTIVES
To assess attachment styles among adolescents (13-16 years) with ADHD or ADHD and oppositional defiant disorders (ODD).
METHODS
The Parents and Peers Attachment (IPPA) and the Parent Bonding Questionnaire (PBI) were used in three groups of teenagers raised in biological families: (1) ADHD/ODD group (n = 40), (2) ADHD group (n = 40) and (3) K (control) group of teenagers (n = 40) who have not benefited from psychological or psychiatric care in the past or at present.
RESULTS
Parental attachment styles in the area of "Trust", "Communication" and "Alienation" (IPPA), and "Care" and "Control" (PBI) in the ADHD/ODD group differ significantly compared to the control group. Teens from the ADHD/ODD group report to have experienced significantly less "Trust" and "Communication" (IPPA), and "Care" (PBI) in relationships with parents and more "Alienation" (IPPA) and "Control" (PBI) than adolescents in the ADHD group. Attachment patterns with peers in both clinical and control groups differ significantly. The ADHD/ODD group is dominated by the anxious-avoidant style of attachment to the mother and father, in the ADHD group, a secure style in relation to the mother and anxious-avoidant in relation to the father. In relations with peers in the ADHD/ODD group and the ADHD group, the anxious-avoidant style dominates.
CONCLUSIONS
The attachment style is significantly different in adolescents diagnosed with ADHD and ODD than in adolescents with only ADHD. In the ADHD/ODD group and the ADHD group, unlike in the group of adolescents without a psychiatric diagnosis, insecure attachment styles for parents and peers dominate (mainly anxious-avoidant style).
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders; Parents
PubMed: 36342984
DOI: 10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/130366 -
Open Life Sciences Jan 2019The aetiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remains uncertain and thus dedicated studies are still of much importance. Patients in this group are at high risk for...
Decrease in the Level of Nervonic Acid and Increased Gamma Linolenic Acid in the Plasma of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome after a Three-month Low-glycaemic Index and Caloric Reduction Diet.
The aetiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remains uncertain and thus dedicated studies are still of much importance. Patients in this group are at high risk for metabolic syndrome, diabetes and ischemic heart disease. Our goal was to use a dietary intervention, facilitating the regression of the disease, through the observation of lipid and hormonal profiles, carbohydrate metabolic parameters and metabolomics of plasma fatty acids. There were 39 Caucasian women with PCOS aged 26.76 ±5.08 that qualified for this study. Fatty acid profiles were investigated using gas chromatography. The results of plasma fatty acids were compared with the initial results and the control group. A three-month caloric reduction diet with low glycemic index (GI) reduces the level of nervonic acid and is a great alternative in PCOS therapy. The introduction of rapeseed oil and olive oil to the lowered GI reduction diet caused the increase in the ratio of average length chain fatty acids (C10:0, C14:0) and the enhancement of synthesis pathways for pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) and gamma-linolenic acid (GLA, C18:3n-6), but did not inhibit the synthesis of the derivatives of arachidic acid (C20:0). Additionally, a decrease in the level of nervonic acid (C24:1) was observed. Biochemical analysis of blood showed the improvement of plasma lipid fractions, but a significant reduction of androgen levels was not observed. A reduction diet with lowered GI lead to many positive effects in the improvement of the biochemical parameters of women with PCOS. It should be continued for a prolonged period of time, until the synthesis pathways for inflammatory factors are silenced.
PubMed: 33817156
DOI: 10.1515/biol-2019-0026 -
Veterinary World Sep 2019The purposes of this study were to determine the anticancer activity of sponge isolate and identify the responsible compounds.
AIMS
The purposes of this study were to determine the anticancer activity of sponge isolate and identify the responsible compounds.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The metabolites were extracted using methanol maceration at room temperature. The separation and purification of metabolites were performed using fractionation and column chromatography. The toxicity was examined using the brine shrimp lethality assay, and the toxic isolates were tested for anticancer activity against HeLa cells. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis was used to identify the compounds in the isolate.
RESULTS
When the methanol extract was partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, and n-butanol, the chloroform fraction was the most toxic, with a concentration that results in 50% lethality (LC) value of 39.81 ppm. After separation of the chloroform extract, fraction B (FB) was the most toxic, with an LC value of 44.67 ppm. The isolate from FB showed anticancer activity with a concentration at which 50% of growth was inhibited (IC) of 2.273 ppm. In total, 21 compounds were identified in anticancer isolates: Nonanedioic acid; tetradecanoic acid; trans-phytol; 2-pentadecanone-6,10,14-trimethyl; pentadecanoic acid; 2-hexadecen-1-ol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-; pentadecanoic acid; 2-hexadecen-1-ol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-; 2,3,7-trimethyloctanal; palmitic acid; docosanoic acid, ethyl ester; 1,E-11,Z-13-octadecatriene; chloromethyl 4-chlorododecanoate; 1-tricosene; 9,12-octadecadienoic acid; 4,8,12,16-tetramethylheptadecan-4-olide; 1-docosene; heneicosane; phosphonic acid, dioctadecyl ester; dodecane,4,6-dimethyl-; n-tetratriacontane; 1-iodohexadecane; and n-heneicosane.
CONCLUSION
These findings indicate that the isolate of can be used as a natural anticancer toward HeLa cell.
PubMed: 31749578
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.1434-1440 -
Frontiers in Nutrition 2021The objectives of this study were to evaluate changes in profiles of odd- and branched-chain fatty acids (OBCFA), including pentadecanoic acid (C15:0),...
Profiles of Odd- and Branched-Chain Fatty Acids and Their Correlations With Rumen Fermentation Parameters, Microbial Protein Synthesis, and Bacterial Populations Based on Pure Carbohydrate Incubation .
The objectives of this study were to evaluate changes in profiles of odd- and branched-chain fatty acids (OBCFA), including pentadecanoic acid (C15:0), 13-methyltetradecanoic acid (-C15:0), 12-methyltetradecanoic acid (-C15:0), 14-methylpentadecanoic acid (-C16:0), heptadecanoic acid (C17:0), 15-methylhexadecanoic acid (-C17:0), and 14-methylhexadecanoic acid (-C17:0) during fermentation of pure carbohydrates mixtures in the buffer-rumen fluid. The second objective was to correlate the changes in the OBCFA profile to the corresponding changes in ruminal fermentation parameters, microbial crude protein (MCP) synthesis, and bacterial populations. Five pure carbohydrates mixtures containing different cellulose: starch (C:S) ratios, i.e., 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 100:0, were incubated for 6, 12, 18, and 24 h . The results showed that there was significant interaction ( < 0.05) between C:S and incubation time for changes in all OBCFA profiles, except iso-C17:0. The highest concentration of total OBCFA (3.94 mg/g dry matter; DM) was observed in the residues after 24 h of fermentation when the C:S was 0:100, while the lowest concentration of OBCFA (1.65 mg/g DM) was produced after 6 h of incubation when the C:S was 50:50. The correlation analysis revealed that the concentration of iso-C16:0 might be a potential marker for the estimation of total volatile fatty acids (ρ = 0.78) and MCP synthesis (ρ = 0.82) in the rumen. Compared to starch degrading bacteria, cellulolytic bacteria had stronger correlations with OBCFA concentrations, and the strongest correlation was found between the population of with C15:0 concentration (ρ = 0.70). Notably, this is the first paper reporting relationship between OBCFA with rumen fermentation products and microbial protein synthesis based on fermentation of pure carbohydrates mixtures , and thus avoid confounding interference from dietary protein and fat presence in the studies. However, more in-depth experiments are needed to substantiate the current findings.
PubMed: 34631768
DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.733352 -
Brazilian Journal of Biology = Revista... 2022Excessive use of insecticides has led to resistance of some pathogenic organisms (nematodes, bacteria and fungi), environmental contamination, and the presence of...
Excessive use of insecticides has led to resistance of some pathogenic organisms (nematodes, bacteria and fungi), environmental contamination, and the presence of hazardous residues. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate synthetic metabolites derived from previous studies with edible mushrooms against the soybean weevil Rhyssomatus nigerrimus Fahraeus (Curculonidae) because of the relevance of pest control in an economically important crop. Furthermore, this is one of the first studies where edible fungal molecules are evaluated for the control of these insects. Initially, two in vitro tests (toxic effect and immersion) were evaluated against R. nigerrimus. In these tests, sensitivity and viability were determined in the 2% Tween control in water. For these two tests, the synthetic metabolites pentadecanoic acid (PNA), palmitic acid (PMA), stearic acid (STA), linoleic acid (LNA), β-sitosterol (βT) were evaluated individually as well as in combinations, "the fraction of standards (E1)". Based on the results obtained, the dip test was selected to evaluate the mixtures of two standards (1. PMA + βT, 2. PMA + PNA, 3. PMA + LNA, 4. PMA + STA, 5. STA + βT, 6. STA + PNA, 7. STA + LNA, 8. PNA + βT, 9. PNA + LNA, 10. LNA + βT), three (1. PNA + βT + LNA, 2. PNA + βT + STA, 3. STA + LNA + PNA and 4. STA + LNA + βT) and four (PNA, βT, LNA and STA). The results showed that the mixture of three standards caused a higher percentage of mortality relative to the control group: l. PNA + βT + LNA and 2. PNA + βT + STA with 54.44 and 48% mortality of R. nigerrimus insects exposed for 15 days. These results show the importance of evaluating mixtures of molecules against R. nigerrimus.
Topics: Animals; Peptide Nucleic Acids; Insecticides; Agaricales; Weevils; Linoleic Acid; Palmitic Acid; Polysorbates; Water
PubMed: 36287529
DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.264786 -
Pharmaceutics May 2024infection is an infectious disease that must be controlled because it becomes chronic and difficult to treat, owing to its unique system of toxin production/injection...
infection is an infectious disease that must be controlled because it becomes chronic and difficult to treat, owing to its unique system of toxin production/injection and elimination of other bacteria. Here, we noninvasively monitored using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging. Determining the amount and localization of the will enable making faster clinical diagnoses and selecting the most appropriate therapeutic agents and methods. Nonclinically, this information can be used for imaging in combination with biofilms and toxin probes and will be useful for discovering drugs targeting . To study accumulation, we conducted in vitro and in vivo studies using iodine-123 β-methyl--iodophenyl-pentadecanoic acid (I-BMIPP), which we previously reported using for . In vitro, I-BMIPP accumulated in by being taken up into the bacteria and adsorbing to the bacterial surface. In vivo, I-BMIPP accumulated significantly more in infected sites than in noninfected sites and could be quantified by SPECT. These results suggest that I-BMIPP can be used as a probe for for SPECT. Establishing a noninvasive monitoring method using SPECT will allow further progress in studying .
PubMed: 38794318
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050656 -
Heart (British Cardiac Society) Jan 2021To evaluate the effect of triglyceride deposit cardiomyovasculopathy (TGCV) on the cardiovascular outcomes in haemodialysis (HD) patients with suspected coronary artery... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of triglyceride deposit cardiomyovasculopathy (TGCV) on the cardiovascular outcomes in haemodialysis (HD) patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD).
METHODS
This retrospective single-centre observational study included data from the cardiac catheter database of Narita Memorial Hospital between April 2011 and March 2017. Among 654 consecutive patients on HD, the data for 83 patients with suspected CAD who underwent both [I]-β-methyl-iodophenyl-pentadecanoic acid scintigraphy and coronary angiography were analysed. Patients were divided into three groups: definite TGCV (17 patients), probable TGCV (22 patients) and non-TGCV control group (44 patients). The primary endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction and non-fatal stroke assessed for up to 5 years of follow-up.
RESULTS
The prevalence of definite TGCV was approximately 20% and 2.6% among consecutive HD patients with suspected CAD and among all HD patients, respectively. At the end of the median follow-up period of 4.7 years, the primary endpoint was achieved in 52.9% of the definite TGCV patients (HR, 7.45; 95% CI: 2.28 to 24.3; p<0.001) and 27.3% of the probable TGCV patients (HR, 3.28; 95% CI: 0.93 to 11.6; p=0.066), compared with that in 9.1% of the non-TGCV control patients. Definite TGCV was significantly and independently associated with cardiovascular mortality and outcomes among HD patients in all multivariate models.
CONCLUSIONS
TGCV is not uncommon in HD patients and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events including cardiovascular death. Thus, TGCV might be a potential therapeutic target.
Topics: Aged; Cardiomyopathies; Coronary Artery Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Renal Dialysis; Retrospective Studies; Triglycerides; Vascular Diseases
PubMed: 32998957
DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2020-317672 -
Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences Aug 2020Present work elucidates the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of (Makino) Nakai along with chemical characterization using its aqueous (AEW), methanol (MEW), and...
Present work elucidates the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of (Makino) Nakai along with chemical characterization using its aqueous (AEW), methanol (MEW), and hexane (HEW) extracts. Chemical profile of different extracts was illustrated by using Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Antioxidant activities were tested using DPPH and FRAP assays, total phenolic and flavonoid content by Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride method, respectively. Further, antibacterial activity against six plant and four animal pathogenic bacteria was analyzed by employing the disc diffusion assay. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of catechol (21.96%), glycerol (20.22%), n-pentadecanoic acid (6.95%), glyceryl monoacetate (6.35 %), ethyl acetimidate (5.39 %) and 3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydromaltol (5.36%) in AEW; β-sitosterol (17.39%), pentadecanoic acid (9.81%), vitamin E (7.82%) and glycerol (7.05%) in MEW; γ-sitosterol (33.45%), vitamin E (10.04%) and campesterol (7.32%) in HEW as major constituents. Maximum phenolics (873 ± 6.01 mgGAE/g dry extract) as well as flavonoids (151 ± 11.44 mgQE/g dry extract) content was found in MEW, which also showed remarkable antioxidant potential (IC 6.07 ± 1.4 µg/ml for DPPH and 768 ± 10.4 mg AAE/g dry extract for FRAP assay. In antibacterial activity, maximum inhibition (15 ± 0.9 mm) was observed for HEW against , followed by AEW against and (11 ± 0.3 mm each). MEW was found positive only against . Significant minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value observed for AEW against (10 mg/ml). Polar extracts had remarkable antioxidant potential, while non-polar extract did show significant antibacterial activity. Further, GC- MS reports indicated that this traditionally useful fern species can be an excellent source of biologically active compounds.
PubMed: 32714019
DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.06.006