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BMC Public Health Sep 2022Pharmacy students represent the future of healthcare professionals and with daily use of the internet for different activities has made internet addiction (IA) of a...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Pharmacy students represent the future of healthcare professionals and with daily use of the internet for different activities has made internet addiction (IA) of a growing concern. The main objectives of this study were to 1) assess internet addiction among pharmacy undergraduate students as well as factors associated with it; 2) assess the relationships between internet addiction and common mental disorders (depression, anxiety, and stress), in addition to academic performance and body mass index factors.
METHODS
We utilized a cross-sectional questionnaire that was conducted among 808 students of Egypt university pharmacy students across the country. The surveys used included: Young Internet Addiction Test (YIAT) and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS 21).
RESULTS
YIAT average score was 44.75 (19.72%); prevalence rate of potential IA was 311 (38.5%) with no gender significant difference. We couldn't detect any type of correlation between potential IA and GPA. However, a robust correlation was found between internet addiction vs depression, anxiety and stress collectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Internet addiction is usually associated with mental related disorders thus it is of paramount important to identify it among students. Different therapeutic interventions could include management to IA and common psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety, and stress.
Topics: Academic Performance; Anxiety; Behavior, Addictive; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depression; Egypt; Humans; Internet; Internet Addiction Disorder; Students, Pharmacy; Surveys and Questionnaires; Universities
PubMed: 36163012
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14140-6 -
International Journal of Environmental... Mar 2022The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between mindfulness practices and the psychological state and qualification of kyokushin karate athletes. The...
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between mindfulness practices and the psychological state and qualification of kyokushin karate athletes. The survey was conducted using the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS-15) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). The study involved 371 Lithuanian kyokushin karate athletes (of which 59.3% were male and 40.7% were female; 71.4% of research participants have practiced this sport for 11 and more years and have the 1st dan or a higher belt). The results of the study showed a positive impact of mindfulness in reducing stress experienced by athletes, improving their psychological state, and enhancing their athletic performance. A moderate negative correlation was identified between stress, anxiety, and mindfulness, and while the mindfulness score was increasing, the severity level of depression was decreasing. Meanwhile, the correlation of the meditation effect and anxiety with kyokushin karate 0-7 kyu belt was very weak but statistically significant. The research results could be useful not only for athletes and their coaches but also for sports organizations. After analysing the benefits of mindfulness for kyokushin karate athletes, mindfulness practices are proposed for the effective improvement of athletes' physical and psychological state when preparing for professional-level competitions.
Topics: Anxiety; Athletes; Athletic Performance; Female; Humans; Male; Martial Arts; Mindfulness; Stress, Psychological
PubMed: 35409684
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074001 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2021Mastery imagery (i.e., images of being in control and coping in difficult situations) is used to regulate anxiety. The ability to image this content is associated with...
Mastery imagery (i.e., images of being in control and coping in difficult situations) is used to regulate anxiety. The ability to image this content is associated with trait confidence and anxiety, but research examining mastery imagery ability's association with confidence and anxiety in response to a stressful event is scant. The present study examined whether trait mastery imagery ability mediated the relationship between confidence and anxiety, and the subsequent associations on performance in response to an acute psychological stress. Participants ( = 130; 55% male; = 19.94 years; = 1.07 years) completed assessments of mastery imagery ability and engaged in a standardized acute psychological stress task. Immediately prior to the task, confidence, cognitive and somatic anxiety intensity, and interpretation of anxiety symptoms regarding the task were assessed. Path analyses supported a model whereby mastery imagery ability mediated the relationship between confidence and cognitive and somatic anxiety interpretation. Greater mastery imagery ability and confidence were both directly associated with better performance on the stress task. Mastery imagery ability may help individuals experience more facilitative anxiety and perform better during stressful tasks. Improving mastery imagery ability by enhancing self-confidence may help individuals successfully cope with anxiety elicited during stressful situations.
PubMed: 33868067
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.568580 -
Frontiers in Psychiatry 2023Although the COVID-19 pandemic has greatly changed the way students studied, it is still unknown about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on students' academic...
BACKGROUND
Although the COVID-19 pandemic has greatly changed the way students studied, it is still unknown about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on students' academic performance and mental health.
OBJECTIVE
To explore the academic performance and mental health status of middle and high school students after the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions in China.
METHODS
An online survey was conducted in Sichuan province, China from Dec 14, 2022 to Feb 28, 2023. All participants were students in middle and high schools, recruited via their teachers. The general information, COVID-19-related information, and academic performance were collected. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Internet Addiction Test (IAT) were used to assess the mental health problems.
RESULTS
Of 60,268 participants, 36,247 (60.2%) middle and high school students reported that their studies were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and 24,864 (41.2%) reported that their academic performance had worsened. The prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms was 38.4 and 32.7%, respectively. There was a significant association between academic performance change and mental health problems. The logistic regression analysis showed that improved academic performance was a protective factor for depression, and declined academic performance was a risk factor for depression and anxiety. Being COVID-19 infected, family members being infected, with quarantine experience, and with COVID-19-related stigma were risk factors for depression and anxiety.
CONCLUSION
Academic studies and mental health status of middle and high school students in Sichuan, China have been negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, even after the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions. Students' academic performance, academic concerns, and mental health status should be considered for educational policymakers and institutions to improve students' academic studies and mental well-being.
PubMed: 37645634
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1248541 -
Journal of Behavior Therapy and... Mar 2021Research consistently demonstrates a link between social anxiety and alcohol-related problems; however, the majority of work has been retrospective, and conducted with... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Research consistently demonstrates a link between social anxiety and alcohol-related problems; however, the majority of work has been retrospective, and conducted with adults. Despite an extensive literature highlighting coping-related motives as an underlying mechanism, real-time work presents mixed findings, and no published research has examined an adolescent sample using experimental psychopathology techniques.
METHODS
The current study tested whether (1) history of social anxiety symptoms positively correlated with alcohol-related cognitions following laboratory-induced social stress, (2) state anxiety was positively correlated with alcohol-related cognitions, and (3) whether the nature of the stressor (performance versus rejection) impacted the strength of identified relations, in a sample of community-recruited adolescents reporting recent alcohol use. Participants (n = 114; M = 16.01; 64% girls) were randomly assigned to either a performance- or rejection-oriented task.
RESULTS
Findings indicated that history of social anxiety symptoms was positively correlated with state anxiety elicited by both tasks. Further, history of social anxiety symptoms was not related to change in desire to drink, but was positively related to the belief that alcohol 'would make me feel better.' State anxiety was positively related to both desire to drink and relief outcome expectancies across both tasks. Finally, the nature of the task did not moderate responding.
LIMITATIONS
Single site, community sampling confines interpretations, and the tasks did not fully perform as expected.
CONCLUSIONS
Further study is needed; however, the current findings support the contention that socially-oriented distress may be a developmentally-relevant, malleable target for prevention efforts aimed at problematic alcohol use among adolescents.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adolescent; Alcohol Drinking; Anxiety; Female; Humans; Laboratories; Male; Motivation; Retrospective Studies; Stress, Psychological
PubMed: 32980586
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2020.101617 -
BMC Psychology Jul 2022The studies show test anxiety is a common disorder in students that causes academic failure. There are not enough studies and specific theoretical background about test...
INTRODUCTION
The studies show test anxiety is a common disorder in students that causes academic failure. There are not enough studies and specific theoretical background about test anxiety and ways to deal with it, so the purpose of this study was to do a qualitative study to fully understand the ways to deal with test anxiety in medical Sciences students.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This is a qualitative study. The participants are the students of the last 2 years of pharmacy, medicine and dentistry at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Ten students were selected by purposeful sampling, and interviews continued until the data saturation stage and the lack of access to new data. The data were analyzed by seven-level Colaizzi method.
FINDINGS
After analyzing data, about 50 codes were extracted. These codes divided into 16 subclasses, and among them, ultimately five main themes are extracted: "Prayer and Dialogue with God", "Interaction and communication with friends and relatives", "studying strategies", "Finding ways to relax and self-care" and "Negative strategies" were extracted.
CONCLUSIONS
The result of this study showed that students often use positive strategies to overcome the test anxiety and try to use positive strategies, but some students are advised of undesirable strategies such as misuse of authorized drugs and writing cheating that that lead to a lot of complex problems. The educational system should do its utmost effort to empower students to manage the anxiety by learning the best strategies.
Topics: Anxiety; Humans; Learning; Qualitative Research; Students, Medical; Test Anxiety
PubMed: 35906665
DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00896-4 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2020Performance anxiety can be debilitating, and so researchers and laypeople alike tend to assume that it is desirable to downregulate this emotion. Yet emerging...
Performance anxiety can be debilitating, and so researchers and laypeople alike tend to assume that it is desirable to downregulate this emotion. Yet emerging perspectives in the emotion literature suggest that people sometimes aim to anxiety to aid performance. The present research investigated the emotion goals that musicians hold when performing. Drawing on a novel framework of emotion goals, the findings suggest that how people and how they want to are determinants of performance anxiety. In Study 1 ( = 44), musicians mostly reported wanting to neither feel nor show anxiety during a performance, although a meaningful subset reported wanting to feel but not show anxiety during a performance. In Study 2 ( = 32), musicians who enacted an emotion goal to neither feel nor show anxiety reported less state unease and greater satisfaction with their performance than musicians who enacted a goal to feel but not show anxiety. This research yields insight into the emotion goals that musicians hold and how these goals influence desired performance outcomes.
PubMed: 32612553
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01138 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2022Flow describes a state of intense experiential involvement in an activity that is defined in terms of nine dimensions. Despite increased interest in understanding the...
Flow describes a state of intense experiential involvement in an activity that is defined in terms of nine dimensions. Despite increased interest in understanding the flow experience of musicians in recent years, knowledge of how characteristics of the musician and of the music performance context affect the flow experience at the dimension level is lacking. In this study, we aimed to investigate how musicians' general music performance anxiety (MPA) level (i.e., the general tendency to experience anxiety during solo music performances) and the presence of an audience influence the nine flow dimensions. The participants were 121 university music students who performed solo a music piece once by themselves (private performance) and once in front of an audience (public performance). Their general MPA level was measured with an adapted version of the STAI and ranged from 27 (very low MPA) to 76 (very high MPA). The level of the nine flow dimensions was assessed with the Flow State Scale-2 after each performance. The levels of "concentration on task at hand," "sense of control," and "autotelic experience" decreased significantly with increasing general MPA level. The levels of "unambiguous feedback" and "loss of self-consciousness" decreased significantly with increasing general MPA level during the public performance only. The level of "sense of control" was significantly lower during the public performance than the private performance across participants. The level of "unambiguous feedback" was significantly lower during the public performance than the private performance for participants with a general MPA level higher than 47. The level of "loss of self-consciousness" was significantly lower during the public performance than the private performance for participants with a general MPA level higher than 32. In contrast, the general MPA level and the audience did not significantly affect the levels of "challenge-skill balance," "clear goals," and "action-awareness merging." These results show that the effects of general MPA level and audience vary greatly across flow state dimensions. We conclude that musicians' flow state should be analyzed at the dimension level rather than as a global score. We discuss how our findings could inform the development and implementation of interventions.
PubMed: 36389478
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.959190 -
Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing Oct 2022This study explores the factors influencing death anxiety in patients with advanced cancer, and to investigate the role of family function on death anxiety, and the...
OBJECTIVE
This study explores the factors influencing death anxiety in patients with advanced cancer, and to investigate the role of family function on death anxiety, and the correlation between meaning in life and death anxiety.
METHODS
Patients with advanced cancer who were hospitalized in three institutions from November 2020 to May 2021 were recruited in this cross-sectional study. The Chinese version of the Death and Dying Distress Scale, Meaning in Life Scale For Advanced Cancer Patients and Family APGAR Index were used to assess death anxiety, meaning in life and family function. Pain symptoms were evaluated by the Numeric Rating Scale. Karnofsky Performance Status, patients' socio-demographic and clinical variables were also recorded. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows (version 26.0). Multivariate regression analysis was performed to examine the correlations of social-demographic and clinical variables with family function and death anxiety.
RESULTS
Three hundred and twenty-eight patients with advanced cancer were included in this study. The results showed that 12.2% of patients experienced moderate to severe death anxiety. Meaning in Life Scale For Advanced Cancer Patients (acceptance of death, controlling one's life), types of institution (oncology department of tertiary hospitals), self-perceived economic burden (extreme), Karnofsky Performance Status score, age, and medical insurance status (self-paid, inter-provincial medical insurance) were identified as associated factors of death anxiety ( = 0.335, = 20.072, < 0.001). Patients with good family function scores had significantly low level of death anxiety in univariate analysis (F = 5.892, = 0.003). Multivariate analysis revealed no significant association between family function and death anxiety.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results demonstrated that the oncology department of a tertiary hospital, extremely high of self-perceived economic burden, self-pay, and inter-provincial medical insurance might be associated with higher death anxiety in patients with advanced cancer. Lower level death anxiety was associated with higher level acceptance of death, a greater sense of life control, better physical performance, and older age. Further confirmation about the association between family function and death anxiety in patients with advanced cancer is warranted in the future.
PubMed: 36204085
DOI: 10.1016/j.apjon.2022.100134 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2022This study aimed to examine the relationship between anxiety, depression, subjective well-being, and academic performance in Peruvian university health science students...
This study aimed to examine the relationship between anxiety, depression, subjective well-being, and academic performance in Peruvian university health science students with COVID-19-infected relatives. Eight hundred two university students aged 17-54 years (Mean 21.83; SD = 5.31); 658 females (82%) and 144 males (18%); who completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-2, Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, Subjective Well-being Scale (SWB), and Self-reporting of Academic Performance participated. A partial unregularized network was estimated using the ggmModSelect function. Expected influence (EI) values were calculated to identify the central nodes and a two-tailed permutation test for the difference between the two groups (COVID-19 infected and uninfected). The results reveal that a depression and well-being node (PHQ1-SWB3) presents the highest relationship. The most central nodes belonged to COVID-19 anxiety, and there are no global differences between the comparison networks; but at the local level, there are connections in the network of COVID-19-infected students that are not in the group that did not present this diagnosis. It is concluded that anxious-depressive symptomatology and its relationship with well-being and evaluation of academic performance should be considered in order to understand the impact that COVID-19 had on health sciences students.
PubMed: 35222215
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.837606