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Current Cardiology Reports Jun 2021Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) involves the heart, including pericardium. This article reviews the possible pathophysiological mechanisms in pericardial involvement... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) involves the heart, including pericardium. This article reviews the possible pathophysiological mechanisms in pericardial involvement in COVID19 and pericardial manifestations of COVID19. It also summarizes the patients with pericarditis secondary to COVID19 and outlines the contemporary treatment strategies in this patient population.
RECENT FINDINGS
A high degree of suspicion is required to identify the pericardial involvement in COVID19 patients. It is proposed that an underlying hyperinflammatory reaction in COVID19 leads to pericardial inflammation. Acute pericarditis with or without myocardial involvement is diagnosed on clinical presentation, serum inflammatory markers, electrocardiogram, and echocardiogram. Multimodality imaging may also have an additional diagnostic value. Patients are usually managed medically, but some patients develop a life-threatening pericardial tamponade necessitating pericardial drainage. Pericardial involvement is an important clinical manifestation of COVID19 requiring a proper workup. Timely diagnosis and a specific management plan based on the presentation and concomitant organ involvement usually lead to a complete recovery.
Topics: COVID-19; Cardiac Tamponade; Humans; Pericardial Effusion; Pericarditis; Pericardium; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 34081219
DOI: 10.1007/s11886-021-01519-x -
Current Cardiology Reports Aug 2021To discuss the possible harmful effects and pathophysiology of exercise in cases of pericarditis, explore the role of multi-modality imaging to help guide exercise... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
To discuss the possible harmful effects and pathophysiology of exercise in cases of pericarditis, explore the role of multi-modality imaging to help guide exercise recommendations, and compare U.S. with European guideline recommendations on the safe resumption of physical activity following resolution of pericarditis.
RECENT FINDINGS
Despite multiple postulated mechanisms by which exercise may be harmful during active inflammation of the myocardium or pericardium, the exact pathophysiology remains largely unknown. The inclusion of multi-modality cardiac imaging may play a role in further elucidating the relationship of exercise with outcomes in pericarditis. More recently, the prevalence of COVID-19 cardiac involvement in athletes prior to returning to play appears lower than previously reported; however, current recommendations are consistent with those for other etiologies of pericarditis. Further research is certainly needed to better understand the relationship between physical activity and pericarditis, the pathophysiology, and the prognostic role of multimodality imaging.
Topics: COVID-19; Exercise; Humans; Pericarditis; Pericardium; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 34448954
DOI: 10.1007/s11886-021-01578-0 -
Circulation Journal : Official Journal... Apr 2020
Topics: Adipose Tissue; Cadaver; Humans; Inflammation; Pericardium; Plaque, Atherosclerotic; Vasa Vasorum
PubMed: 32281580
DOI: 10.1253/circj.CJ-20-0249 -
Clinical Medicine (London, England) Sep 2019
Topics: Atrial Fibrillation; Embolism, Air; Fistula; Humans; Pericardium
PubMed: 31530708
DOI: 10.7861/clinmedicine.19-5-431a -
Polish Archives of Internal Medicine Nov 2019
Topics: Adipose Tissue; Coronary Artery Disease; Cytokines; Diabetes Mellitus; Humans; Pericardium
PubMed: 31782753
DOI: 10.20452/pamw.15074 -
Turk Kardiyoloji Dernegi Arsivi : Turk... Sep 2021
Topics: Adipose Tissue; Humans; Pericardium
PubMed: 34523589
DOI: 10.5543/tkda.2021.21189 -
Journal of Translational Medicine Jun 2023Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) secretome induces fibrosis. Fibrosis, primarily extracellular matrix (ECM) produced by fibroblasts, creates a substrate for atrial...
BACKGROUND
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) secretome induces fibrosis. Fibrosis, primarily extracellular matrix (ECM) produced by fibroblasts, creates a substrate for atrial fibrillation (AF). Whether the EAT secretome from patients with AF activates human atrial fibroblasts and through which components, remains unexplored.
RESEARCH AIMS
(a) To investigate if the EAT secretome from patients with versus without AF increases ECM production in atrial fibroblasts. (b) To identify profibrotic proteins and processes in the EAT secretome and EAT from patients with, who will develop (future onset), and without AF.
METHODS
Atrial EAT was obtainded during thoracoscopic ablation (AF, n = 20), or open-heart surgery (future onset and non-AF, n = 35). ECM gene expression of human atrial fibroblasts exposed to the EAT secretome and the proteomes of EAT secretome and EAT were assessed in patients with and without AF. Myeloperoxidase and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were assessed immunohistochemically in patients with paroxysmal, persistent, future onset, and those who remain free of AF (non-AF).
RESULTS
The expression of COL1A1 and FN1 in fibroblasts exposed to secretome from patients with AF was 3.7 and 4.7 times higher than in patients without AF (p < 0.05). Myeloperoxidase was the most increased protein in the EAT secretome and EAT from patients with versus without AF (FC 18.07 and 21.57, p < 0.005), as was the gene-set neutrophil degranulation. Immunohistochemically, myeloperoxidase was highest in persistent (FC 13.3, p < 0.0001) and increased in future onset AF (FC 2.4, p = 0.02) versus non-AF. Myeloperoxidase aggregated subepicardially and around fibrofatty infiltrates. NETs were increased in patients with persistent versus non-AF (p = 0.03).
CONCLUSION
In AF, the EAT secretome induces ECM gene expression in atrial fibroblasts and contains abundant myeloperoxidase. EAT myeloperoxidase was increased prior to AF onset, and both myeloperoxidase and NETs were highest in persistent AF, highlighting the role of EAT neutrophils in the pathophysiology of AF.
Topics: Humans; Adipose Tissue; Atrial Fibrillation; Fibrosis; Heart Atria; Pericardium; Peroxidase
PubMed: 37280612
DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04231-2 -
Pneumologie (Stuttgart, Germany) Oct 2019
Topics: Drainage; Humans; Pericardiocentesis; Pericardium; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Punctures
PubMed: 31622998
DOI: 10.1055/a-0863-8903 -
Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi =... Jun 2022Currently, as the key raw material of artificial biological heart valve, bovine pericardium is mainly depend on import and has become a "bottleneck" challenge, greatly...
Currently, as the key raw material of artificial biological heart valve, bovine pericardium is mainly depend on import and has become a "bottleneck" challenge, greatly limiting the development of domestic biological heart valve. Therefore, the localization of bovine pericardium is extremely urgent. In this study, the pericardium of Sichuan yak was compared with that of Australian cattle in terms of fundamental properties and anti-calcification performance. The results demonstrated that the appearance and thickness of yak pericardium were more advantageous than the Australian one. Sichuan yak pericardium and Australian cattle pericardium had comparable performance in shrinkage temperature, mechanical test and anti-calcification test. This study preliminarily verifies the feasibility of substitution of Australian cattle pericardium by Sichuan yak pericardium and promotes the progression of bovine pericardium localization with data support.
Topics: Animals; Australia; Bioprosthesis; Cattle; Heart Valve Prosthesis; Pericardium
PubMed: 35788523
DOI: 10.7507/1001-5515.202202044 -
Heart Rhythm Dec 2022
Topics: Humans; Atrial Fibrillation; Adipose Tissue; Pericardium; Machine Learning
PubMed: 36041687
DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.08.027