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Surgical Case Reports Feb 2023The finding of a vermiform appendix within the peritoneal sac of an inguinal hernia is called Amyand's hernia. The reported incidence of Amyand's hernia and femoral...
BACKGROUND
The finding of a vermiform appendix within the peritoneal sac of an inguinal hernia is called Amyand's hernia. The reported incidence of Amyand's hernia and femoral hernia is 1% and 3.8%, respectively. To our knowledge, no cases have been reported in the literature that associate these two entities. We present the first case of incarcerated left-sided Amyand's hernia and synchronous ipsilateral femoral hernia found during emergency surgery.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 72-year-old woman was admitted to the Emergency Department for a complicated left inguinal hernia. An inguinotomy was performed that detected a large direct hernial sac and a synchronous femoral hernia. The opening of the inguinal hernia showed the presence of the cecum and the appendix, both without signs of inflammation. The femoral space was evaluated transinguinally, identifying the larger omentum that had slipped into the femoral canal. The primary closure of the posterior wall defect was performed with the McVay technique due to its large size, and then the hernioplasty was completed with a polypropylene mesh. No postoperative complications were reported.
CONCLUSIONS
In the context of an incarcerated Amyand's hernia, the decision to perform an appendectomy in addition to hernia repair with or without mesh will depend on intraoperative findings.
PubMed: 36723671
DOI: 10.1186/s40792-023-01597-9 -
Surgical Endoscopy Jun 2022Congenital defects, such as open processus vaginalis and the canal of Nuck, are common causes of primary pediatric inguinal hernia (PIH). However, in some patients, PIH...
BACKGROUND
Congenital defects, such as open processus vaginalis and the canal of Nuck, are common causes of primary pediatric inguinal hernia (PIH). However, in some patients, PIH occurs via acquired defects rather than congenital defects. The most representative cause of PIH is recurrent hernia. Recurrent PIH is treated with high ligation (HL), which is the same method that is used to treat primary PIH. However, the re-recurrence rate of recurrent PIH is high. This study aimed to compare laparoscopic iliopubic tract repair (IPTR) with laparoscopic HL for the treatment of recurrent PIH after primary PIH repair.
METHODS
From June 2013 to March 2019, 126 patients (< 10 years old) with recurrent PIH were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups according to the operative technique: laparoscopic HL (58 patients) and laparoscopic IPTR (68 patients). With HL, the hernial sac was removed and the peritoneum closed. With IPTR, iliopubic tract and transversalis fascia sutures were applied.
RESULTS
There were no cases of conversion to open surgery. Re-recurrence only occurred in the HL group; no patients in the IPTR group developed re-recurrence (8.6% [5/58] vs. 0.0% [0/68], respectively; p = 0.044). The mean duration from re-operation to re-recurrence in these five patients was 10.6 months. Other surgical outcomes and complications did not differ between the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Laparoscopic IPTR is an effective surgical treatment for reducing re-recurrence of recurrent PIH.
Topics: Child; Chronic Disease; Fascia; Hernia, Inguinal; Herniorrhaphy; Humans; Infant; Laparoscopy; Recurrence; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34694490
DOI: 10.1007/s00464-021-08776-5 -
Journal of Abdominal Wall Surgery : JAWS 2022Ventral hernia repair has always been an extensive and challenging surgery. The laparoscopic extended-Totally Extraperitoneal (E-TEP) technique of ventral hernia repair...
Hernia Sac Preservation for Prevention of Transversus Abdominis Release in Laparoscopic Extended-Totally Extra Peritoneal Repair of Ventral Hernia: A Minimalistic Solution for a Formidable Challenge.
Ventral hernia repair has always been an extensive and challenging surgery. The laparoscopic extended-Totally Extraperitoneal (E-TEP) technique of ventral hernia repair is gaining popularity due to the advantage of placing a large mesh in the retro rectus plane. When done through a Laparoscopic approach, the difficulty of the procedure is compounded by multiple factors such as obtaining retro muscular access, maintaining the retro muscular plane, crossing over to the contralateral retro muscular plane without entering intraperitoneally, suturing in a limited space, and manipulation of a large mesh in a constricted space for placement. In cases of large midline incisional hernias, dense adhesions to the previous surgical scar are often present. Despite having extremely satisfying outcomes, the aforementioned factors make the laparoscopic extended-total extraperitoneal repair of large midline ventral and incisional hernias an exceptionally challenging procedure. A tension-free midline approximation is the benchmark of ventral/incisional hernia surgery. In certain cases, this can be difficult to achieve due to multiple factors. For the purpose of attaining tension-free midline closure, component separation techniques (CST) have been explored and implemented. Of these, the posterior component separation technique of Transversus Abdominis Release (TAR) has gained popularity for reducing the tension of posterior rectus sheath during posterior midline closure in retro muscular repairs by adding a few centimetres of medial advancement. The main pitfall of TAR is its technical complexity, which may result in morbid complications when implemented incorrectly. Performing TAR laparoscopically compounds the complexity manyfold. Hence, to obviate the necessity to perform Laparoscopic TAR in cases of Laparoscopic E-TEP repair of large midline ventral and incisional hernias, we present that the technique of hernial sac preservation should be pre-emptively carried for all Laparoscopic ETEP repairs so that the necessity of performing TAR in select cases is reduced by aiding in the addition of final crucial centimetres of lengthening to the posterior rectus sheath for achieving posterior midline closure. This aids in the success of the procedure by preventing an additional complex procedure of TAR from being performed in an already challenging hernia repair technique of Laparoscopic E-TEP repair. We hereby report three cases of Ventral hernia repair in which Laparoscopic E-TEP repair was carried out and Hernial sac preservation technique was implemented successfully. Midline closure of the posterior rectus sheath was attained under reduced tension and a medium-weight macroporous polypropylene mesh was placed in the retro-rectus plane after measurement of the potential space. Patients were discharged uneventfully. Patients were followed up for up to 6 months postoperatively and were found to have no complications. In Laparoscopic E-TEP repair of midline ventral hernias, preservation of the hernial sac along with the posterior rectus sheath might aid in the prevention of performing a TAR in selected cases where posterior layer tension is present. Hernia sac preservation thereby aids in reducing operative time and preventing potential morbid complications.
PubMed: 38314153
DOI: 10.3389/jaws.2022.10634 -
The American Journal of Case Reports Jul 2022BACKGROUND Acute appendicitis is by far the most common surgical emergency encountered in the United States and with this in mind, unusual presentations are also...
BACKGROUND Acute appendicitis is by far the most common surgical emergency encountered in the United States and with this in mind, unusual presentations are also frequent, thus improper diagnosis, which roughly occurs in 20-40% of cases, can lead to a delayed treatment and bad outcomes. We present this unusual case of abdominal pain secondary to extraperitoneal compartmentalized abscess following perforated appendicitis, diagnosed and managed as ascites secondary to alcoholic liver cirrhosis with subsequent delay in the treatment of the underlying cause, which was appendicitis. CASE REPORT A 45-year-old man presented to the Emergency Department with pain and distention for 1 week duration, who was treated with frequent paracentesis, with worsening pain following the latest drainage, raising suspicion of perforated viscus. Initial abdominal X-ray and computed tomography (CT) scan revealed free air and large tubular fluid sac collection along the right, left, and lower abdominal wall. Surgical drainage of the abscess was performed. A subsequent follow-up CT with oral contrast of the abdomen revealed perforated right lower abdominal viscus, possible perforated appendicitis with pre-peritoneal and retroperitoneal space occupying the abscess cavity compartmentalized along the right, left, and lower abdominal wall and creating a separate space where the inflammatory purulent material was collected. This was followed by a second procedure for ileocecectomy and ileostomy with excision of the extra-preperitoneal compartment space. CONCLUSIONS Abdominal pain secondary to acute appendicitis is by far the commonest surgical condition; therefore, it should be considered high in the differential diagnosis of any patients presenting with unusual abdominal complaints.
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Abscess; Appendicitis; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 35791273
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.935405 -
African Journal of Paediatric Surgery :... 2023Inguinal hernia is a common surgical condition in children. Conventionally, the open approach for inguinal hernia repair has been considered the gold standard. However,... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
INTRODUCTION
Inguinal hernia is a common surgical condition in children. Conventionally, the open approach for inguinal hernia repair has been considered the gold standard. However, in the past two decades, laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair has gained popularity among paediatric surgeons as an alternative to the open approach. Apart from good cosmesis and shorter stay at hospital, laparoscopy offers clear-cut advantages of visualising contralateral site and simultaneous repair if it is patent. Many techniques for laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair have been proposed. In this retrospective observational study, we are comparing outcomes between proximal and distal disconnection of hernia sac.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Ninety-five patients with inguinal hernia were studied in two groups. Group A included 50 patients in which hernia sac was disconnected from the peritoneal cuff proximal to deep inguinal ring (DIR). Group B included 45 patients in which hernia sac was disconnected distal to DIR. Various sociodemographic parameters and intraoperative findings were compared. Outcomes were analysed in terms of post-operative pain, duration of stay at the hospital and recurrences.
RESULTS
In group A, there were 46 males and four females with mean age of 4.01 years with standard deviation (SD) of 2.96. Group B included 37 males and eight females with mean age of 5.09 years with SD of 3.56. Excess post-operative pain was observed in 33 patients in Group A with proximal disconnection of hernia sac whereas it was seen in only three patients in Group B with distal disconnection of sac. The P was 0.001 which was highly significant. The duration of stay in the hospital was more in Group A (2.36 ± 1.22 days) as compared to Group B (1.8 ± 0.66 days) with a P of 0.0076 which was significant. Hernia recurrence was seen in four out of 50 patients in Group A (8%) as compared to no recurrence in Group B. However, the difference was not significant.
CONCLUSION
The disconnection of hernia sac distal to DIR is associated with less post-operative pain and shorter duration of hospital stay. There is less recurrence seen in distal disconnection of hernia sac as compared to proximal disconnection; however, to achieve the level of significance, a large cohort study is required.
Topics: Male; Female; Child; Humans; Child, Preschool; Hernia, Inguinal; Laparoscopy; Pain, Postoperative; Herniorrhaphy; Retrospective Studies; Recurrence; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 37470556
DOI: 10.4103/ajps.ajps_98_21 -
The American Journal of Case Reports Aug 2021BACKGROUND A yolk sac tumor (YST) is a rare, malignant tumor of cells that line the yolk sac of the embryo. It most frequently occurs in the ovary (ovarian yolk sac...
BACKGROUND A yolk sac tumor (YST) is a rare, malignant tumor of cells that line the yolk sac of the embryo. It most frequently occurs in the ovary (ovarian yolk sac tumor: OYST) in children and adolescents. Thus, fertility-preservation treatment is a concern. CASE REPORT A 24-year-old nulliparous woman visited us for infertility treatment and then right OYST was detected. A unilateral right salpingo-oophorectomy, infra-colic omentectomy, ipsilateral lymph node dissection, and peritoneal biopsies were performed. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a stage IC OYST. Six cycles of bleomycin-etoposide-cisplatin chemotherapy were performed. She had no recurrence over the next 16 months. She conceived by in-vitro fertilization, and abdominally gave birth to a term infant. Both mother and baby had a smooth recovery. CONCLUSIONS This case adds further evidence to the 5-year survival and progression-free survival following surgery and chemotherapy in OYSTs, while preserving fertility.
Topics: Adult; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Endodermal Sinus Tumor; Etoposide; Female; Humans; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal; Ovarian Neoplasms; Pregnancy
PubMed: 34408122
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.932091 -
Insects Dec 2021The female reproductive system, ovary structure and ultrastructure of (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) were investigated using light microscopy, scanning...
The female reproductive system, ovary structure and ultrastructure of (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) were investigated using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Its female reproductive system is comprised of two ovaries (each ovary has two ovarioles), lateral oviducts, common oviduct, spermathecal sac, spermathecal pump, two accessory glands and bursa copulatrix. Well-developed endoplasmic reticulum can be clearly seen in the secretory cells of spermathecal sac. This species has telotrophic meroistic ovarioles that are comprised of terminal filament, tropharium, vitellarium and pedicel. The terminal filaments are simple; each is comprised of cellular peritoneal sheath. The presence of several clusters of nurse cells in the tropharium is indicative that its ovarioles conform to the transition stage. This indicates that there are at least two different types (transition stage and secondary stage) of ovarioles in Curculionidae.
PubMed: 34940187
DOI: 10.3390/insects12121099 -
Medicine Aug 2021To map the distribution of the sites most affected by endometriosis in patients with unilateral ovarian endometriomas.A descriptive case series of 84 patients with...
To map the distribution of the sites most affected by endometriosis in patients with unilateral ovarian endometriomas.A descriptive case series of 84 patients with unilateral endometriomas undergoing laparoscopy for the treatment of endometriosis. To evaluate the distribution of the sites of endometriosis lesions, the peritoneal compartments were divided into 5 zones: zone 1/the anterior compartment, including the anterior uterine serosa, vesicouterine fold, round ligament, and bladder; zone 2/the lateral compartment, including the left and right ovary, ovarian fossa, tubes, mesosalpinx, uterosacral ligaments, parametrium, and the ureter; zone 3/the posterior compartment, including posterior uterine serosa, the pouch of Douglas, posterior vaginal fornix, and bowel; zone 4 consisting of the abdominal wall; and zone 5 consisting of the diaphragm.Of the 5 zones evaluated, the lateral compartment (zone 2) was the most affected, with 60.7% of the patients having dense adhesions around the left ovarian fossa and 57.1% around the right ovarian fossa. The ovarian endometriomas were more commonly found on the left side (54.8%) compared to the right (45.2%). In the posterior compartment (zone 3), the posterior cul-de-sac was obliterated in 51.2% of the patients. In the anterior compartment (zone 1), there were lesions in the vesicouterine fold in 30.9% of the patients and in the bladder in 19%. Lesions were found in the abdominal wall (zone 4) and diaphragm (zone 5) in 21.4% and 10.7% of patients, respectively.Unilateral endometriomas are important markers of the severity of endometriosis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Endometriosis; Female; Humans; Laparoscopy; Ovary; Uterus
PubMed: 34414974
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000026979 -
Surgical Case Reports May 2023In previously reported cases of lesser omental hernia, a rare clinical presentation, the herniated intestinal tract was passing through both peritoneal layers of the...
BACKGROUND
In previously reported cases of lesser omental hernia, a rare clinical presentation, the herniated intestinal tract was passing through both peritoneal layers of the lesser omentum to herniate into the peritoneal cavity or bursa omentalis. Here we present a very rare case of lesser omentum hernia, where the transverse colon entered through only the posterior layer of the lesser omentum to form a hernia between the anterior and posterior layers.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 43-year-old man was admitted to the emergency department with acute abdominal pain. Plain abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a change in the caliber of the transverse colon between the stomach and pancreas, forming a closed loop on the cephaloventral side of the stomach. On contrast-enhanced CT images, vessels were observed in the contrast-enhanced lesser omentum surrounding the herniated intestine. The patient was diagnosed with a lesser omental hernia and underwent laparoscopic surgery. Intraoperatively, the transverse colon was covered by the anterior layer of the lesser omentum, and a defect was found in the posterior layer of the lesser omentum on the dorsal side of the stomach. A 2-cm incision was made in the posterior layer of the lesser omentum to widen the small defect. The herniated intestinal section was removed from the hernia sac, and the transverse colon was retained unresected. The postoperative course was uneventful.
CONCLUSIONS
As illustrated in this first case of a lesser omental hernia forming between the anterior and posterior layers, characteristic CT findings may play an active role in the diagnosis of this rare presentation.
PubMed: 37140713
DOI: 10.1186/s40792-023-01651-6 -
Annals of Medicine and Surgery (2012) Nov 2023Congenital peritoneal encapsulation (CPE) is a rare condition in which the small intestine is encased within a mesothelial-lined sac. The following case is an extremely...
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE
Congenital peritoneal encapsulation (CPE) is a rare condition in which the small intestine is encased within a mesothelial-lined sac. The following case is an extremely rare description of the co-existence of both colon cancer and peritoneal encapsulation, highlighting the potential role of this co-existence in preventing the spread of metastases and tumor implantation.
CASE-PRESENTATION
A 60-year-old female was diagnosed with metastatic colon cancer. During the operation, a thin fibrous membrane was found covering the small intestine, which suggested CPE. The tumor was removed, and the additional membrane was totally excised. The patient is currently receiving chemotherapy for metastatic treatment and is in good health.
CLINICAL DISCUSSION
CPE is a medical condition that results from abnormal peritoneal development, and it is often confused with other differential diagnoses resulting from inflammatory causes. It can occur at different ages and remains asymptomatic for the majority of cases. However, it can be a potential cause of bowel obstruction. An intraoperative diagnosis can easily differentiate the case. The co-existence with colon cancer has been described only once in the literature.
CONCLUSION
Peritoneal encapsulation is a rare, mostly asymptomatic condition. However, it may play a protective role in preventing metastatic colon cancer from affecting the small intestine, thus potentially opening up new avenues for the treatment of cancer metastases.
PubMed: 37915706
DOI: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000001218