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The Lancet. Public Health May 2024Health systems often fail people with disabilities, which might contribute to their shorter life expectancy and poorer health outcomes than people without disabilities.... (Review)
Review
Health systems often fail people with disabilities, which might contribute to their shorter life expectancy and poorer health outcomes than people without disabilities. This Review provides an overview of the existing evidence on health inequities faced by people with disabilities and describes existing approaches to making health systems disability inclusive. Our Review documents a broad range of health-care inequities for people with disabilities (eg, lower levels of cancer screening), which probably contribute towards health differentials. We identified 90 good practice examples that illustrate current strategies to reduce inequalities. Implementing such strategies could help to ensure that health systems can expect, accept, and connect people with disabilities worldwide, deliver on their right to health, and achieve health for all.
Topics: Humans; Disabled Persons; Healthcare Disparities; Delivery of Health Care
PubMed: 38702096
DOI: 10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00042-2 -
The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging Mar 2024This Mini-Review showcases the latest evidence on rehabilitation opportunities for older people with multimorbidity and frailty. There is growing evidence, that a... (Review)
Review
This Mini-Review showcases the latest evidence on rehabilitation opportunities for older people with multimorbidity and frailty. There is growing evidence, that a person-centered and contextualized rehabilitation approach may offer benefits, not only in the context of preserving mobility, but especially targeting social participation. Modern rehabilitation aligns with the bio-psycho-social model of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), emphasizing the individual and collaboratively determined definition of personalized rehabilitation goals at the activity and participation level. Further studies are warranted to evaluate objective outcome-measurement tools within the domains of activity and participation.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Frailty; Disabled Persons; Social Participation; Disability Evaluation; Activities of Daily Living
PubMed: 38492946
DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2023.100012 -
Communications Biology Jul 2021July is Disability Pride Month here in New York, where part of the Communications Biology team is based. To mark this occasion, we are featuring a series of scientist...
July is Disability Pride Month here in New York, where part of the Communications Biology team is based. To mark this occasion, we are featuring a series of scientist interviews on the Nature Portfolio Ecology & Evolution Community site and wanted to elaborate on our motivations behind this post and our hopes for the future concerning the lived experience of disability in science.
Topics: Disabled Persons; Science
PubMed: 34272479
DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02411-8 -
International Journal of Environmental... Oct 2022Active tourism improves human health and well-being regardless of age or disabilities. The paper analyses and describes current issues concerning the tourism of people... (Review)
Review
Active tourism improves human health and well-being regardless of age or disabilities. The paper analyses and describes current issues concerning the tourism of people with disabilities. The starting point is the currently insufficient availability of tourist offers for individuals with considerable motor dysfunctions. One of the causes for these limitations stems from deficiencies in transport means for people with disabilities. It was found that for a disabled passenger using public transport, it is crucial to consider its accessibility in the context of the entire transport system. Another cause is the limited popularity of innovative, atypical assistive equipment for people with disabilities. Those insights point out that novel assistive technologies need to be developed, as it is necessary to more effectively support the activity of people with disabilities in all areas of life, including tourism, as this enhances their social rehabilitation. This paper indicates the needs and describes and analyses examples of own original, innovative devices supporting the areas mentioned above of activity for people with disabilities. These analyses resulted in developing an algorithm to design innovative equipment, considerably expanding the tourism potential of people with motor disabilities. This design process focuses on the needs of people with disabilities and facilitates the development of novel classes of assistive technologies, thus promoting new areas of activity for all.
Topics: Humans; Tourism; Self-Help Devices; Disabled Persons
PubMed: 36361066
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114186 -
Lakartidningen Sep 2021
Topics: Disabled Persons; Humans; Medicine
PubMed: 34498233
DOI: No ID Found -
Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira... 2023Women and men can have the same illnesses, but with different prevalence and reactions to symptoms.
UNLABELLED
Women and men can have the same illnesses, but with different prevalence and reactions to symptoms.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to emphasize that distinct traits between men and women require a different approach for each of them.
METHODS
PubMed and Google Scholar were searched using the following terms: Disability Evaluations, Women's health, Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis, and Lymphedema, Pregnancy.
RESULTS/CONCLUSION
Disease management can go beyond the symptoms, assessing the long-term consequences and possibly the disabilities they can generate, compromising the quality of life of the person, his/her family members, and eventually caregivers.
Topics: Humans; Pregnancy; Female; Male; Quality of Life; Women's Health; Disabled Persons; Caregivers
PubMed: 37556634
DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.2023S115 -
Tidsskrift For Den Norske Laegeforening... Oct 2019
Topics: Disabled Persons; Human Rights; Humans; Norway; Social Discrimination
PubMed: 31642618
DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0638 -
Bulletin of the World Health... Nov 2022Considerable progress has been made in saving the lives of children younger than 5 years. Nevertheless, these advances have failed to help all children thrive,...
Considerable progress has been made in saving the lives of children younger than 5 years. Nevertheless, these advances have failed to help all children thrive, particularly children with disabilities. We describe the increasing prevalence of disability among children and adolescents. We evaluate the current situation regarding children with disabilities and rehabilitation in the context of health systems, particularly those in low- and middle-income countries. Within the newborn health agenda, congenital anomalies often require early intervention and rehabilitation. We provide Argentina as an example of a country where rehabilitation for congenital anomalies is integrated into the health system. We argue that congenital anomalies that require rehabilitation have the potential to strengthen rehabilitation systems and policies by: strengthening coordination between primary care and rehabilitation; identifying and understanding pathways that allow families to engage with services; providing human resources for rehabilitation; and building systems and resources that support assistive technology and rehabilitation. We propose ways for countries to prioritize and integrate early identification, referral and care for children with congenital anomalies to strengthen health systems for all. We identify opportunities to expand policy and planning and to design service delivery and workforce strategies through World Health Organization guidelines and frameworks for rehabilitation. We argue that the global health community must act to ensure that rehabilitation services to support functioning from birth are well established, accepted and integrated within health systems, and that disability is prioritized within child health. These steps would strengthen health systems, ensure functioning from birth and make rehabilitation accessible to all.
Topics: Child; Adolescent; Infant, Newborn; Humans; Disabled Persons; Global Health; Self-Help Devices; Workforce; Government Programs
PubMed: 36324557
DOI: 10.2471/BLT.22.288147 -
Disability and Health Journal Apr 2022The built environment needs to be designed so that all people can participate in the activities they want and need to do. Yet, accessibility is difficult to put into... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The built environment needs to be designed so that all people can participate in the activities they want and need to do. Yet, accessibility is difficult to put into practice, and accessibility issues tend to be overlooked in the building and planning processes.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this scoping review was to summarize the research front in the area of accessibility to public buildings. Specific aims were to identify knowledge gaps, to identify access activities in relation to environmental features and to link to predominant activities in terms of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).
METHODS
A literature search was performed in PubMed, PsycINFO, Inspec, Embase and Cochrane databases. Articles in English based on original empirical studies investigating accessibility of public buildings for adults aged ≥18 years with functional limitations were considered.
RESULTS
Of the 40 articles included, ten involved study participants, while 30 only examined buildings using instruments to assess accessibility. In addition, the psychometric properties were only tested for a few of them. All articles concerned mobility and several visual limitations, while few addressed cognitive or hearing limitations. Ten main access activities were identified, from using parking/drop-off area to exiting building.
CONCLUSIONS
By using the ICF and theoretically relating the accessibility problems to activities, the results revealed that there are large knowledge gaps about accessibility to public buildings for older people and people with functional limitations and that there is a need for more methodological considerations in this area of research.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Disabled Persons; Humans
PubMed: 34716114
DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2021.101227 -
Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation Jun 2023Purpose People with disabilities (PWD) are less likely to be employed than those without disabilities. Reasonable job accommodations are an essential factor for ensuring...
Purpose People with disabilities (PWD) are less likely to be employed than those without disabilities. Reasonable job accommodations are an essential factor for ensuring equal access to jobs for PWD. However, use of job accommodation is less than optimal among PWD with various types of disabilities. Sometimes, PWD have co-occurring impairments, which might affect accommodation use. This research aimed to explore disability phenotypes, frequently used accommodations, and employee- and job-related factors associated with the extent of job accommodation use. Methods A cross-sectional online survey of PWD was conducted in the Midwest region of the United States. Latent class analyses were used to identify disability phenotypes. Descriptive analysis and stepwise Poisson regression were used to identify factors associated with job accommodation use. Results A total of 326 PWD with work experience after acquiring a disability were included in this analysis. We identified three disability phenotypes: (1) Severe disability in cognitive, physical, emotional, communication and visual domains (32%), (2) Moderate cognitive and low physical disability (48%), and (3) High physical disability phenotypes (20%). 80% of PWD received at least one accommodation. Flexible working schedules, telework, and access to a support person in the workplace were the most common accommodations. Employee- (age, disability phenotypes, motor function) and job-related factors (job preparation, self-employment) are associated dependently with accommodation use. Conclusion This analysis identifies three disability phenotypes and highlights both employee- and job-related factors associated with accommodations used. It may be beneficial to consider multiple contextual factors, including co-occurring disability, employee- and job-related factors, when assisting people with job accommodations.
Topics: Humans; United States; Cross-Sectional Studies; Disabled Persons; Employment; Workplace; Communication
PubMed: 36323833
DOI: 10.1007/s10926-022-10078-z