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Noise & Health 2022One of the most common hearing disorders is hyperacusis, characterized by decreased sound tolerance or noise sensitivity.
BACKGROUND
One of the most common hearing disorders is hyperacusis, characterized by decreased sound tolerance or noise sensitivity.
OBJECTIVE
The present paper aimed to evaluate the validity of the Persian version of the hyperacusis questionnaire.
METHODS
The sample was comprised of 434 students evaluated at the Kashan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, between July 2019 and February 2020. After translation and retranslation of questionnaire, the content validity was assessed by 15 occupational health experts using content validity index (CVI) and ratio (CVR). Validity and reliability of the scale were examined by using confirmatory factor analysis, the Cronbach alpha, composite reliability (CR), and the average variance extracted (AVE) tests.
RESULTS
: In the exploratory analysis of the Persian version of Khalfa hyperacusis questionnaire, 14 items were created based on three subscales) attentional, social, and emotional dimensions) which explained 46.5% of the total variances. Content validity of 14 questions was approved with CVR > 0.49 and CVI > 0.7. The Cronbach alpha, AVE, and CR indexes were calculated 0.811, 0.761, and 0.901, respectively, which showed that reliability of the scale was adequate.
CONCLUSIONS
: It was concluded that this Persian version of the hyperacusis questionnaire has relatively acceptable validity and reliability in Iran. Given that the tool has a small number of questions, it is easily used in different studies.
Topics: Humans; Hyperacusis; Psychometrics; Reproducibility of Results; Surveys and Questionnaires; Translations
PubMed: 36124529
DOI: 10.4103/nah.nah_16_22 -
Scientific Reports May 2021Misophonia is a condition where a strong arousal response is triggered when hearing specific human generated sounds, like chewing, and/or repetitive tapping noises, like...
Misophonia is a condition where a strong arousal response is triggered when hearing specific human generated sounds, like chewing, and/or repetitive tapping noises, like pen clicking. It is diagnosed with clinical interviews and questionnaires since no psychoacoustic tools exist to assess its presence. The present study was aimed at developing and testing a new assessment tool for misophonia. The method was inspired by an approach we have recently developed for hyperacusis. It consisted of presenting subjects (n = 253) with misophonic, pleasant, and unpleasant sounds in an online experiment. The task was to rate them on a pleasant to unpleasant visual analog scale. Subjects were labeled as misophonics (n = 78) or controls (n = 55) by using self-report questions and a misophonia questionnaire, the MisoQuest. There was a significant difference between controls and misophonics in the median global rating of misophonic sounds. On the other hand, median global rating of unpleasant, and pleasant sounds did not differ significantly. We selected a subset of the misophonic sounds to form the core discriminant sounds of misophonia (CDS). A metric: the CDS score, was used to quantitatively measure misophonia, both with a global score and with subscores. The latter could specifically quantify aversion towards different sound sources/events, i.e., mouth, breathing/nose, throat, and repetitive sounds. A receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the method accurately classified subjects with and without misophonia (accuracy = 91%). The present study suggests that the psychoacoustic test we have developed can be used to assess misophonia reliably and quickly.
Topics: Adult; Affective Symptoms; Arousal; Emotions; Female; Humans; Hyperacusis; Male; Psychoacoustics; Self Report; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34040061
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90355-8 -
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2023Cranial autonomic symptoms and neck pain have been reported to be highly prevalent in migraine, although they are rarely considered in clinical evaluation. The aim of... (Review)
Review
Cranial autonomic symptoms and neck pain have been reported to be highly prevalent in migraine, although they are rarely considered in clinical evaluation. The aim of this review is to focus on the prevalence, pathophysiology, and clinical characteristics of these two symptoms, and their importance in the differential diagnosis between migraines and other headaches. The most common cranial autonomic symptoms are aural fullness, lacrimation, facial/forehead sweating, and conjunctival injection. Migraineurs experiencing cranial autonomic symptoms are more likely to have more severe, frequent, and longer attacks, as well as higher rates of photophobia, phonophobia, osmophobia, and allodynia. Cranial autonomic symptoms occur due to the activation of the trigeminal autonomic reflex, and the differential diagnosis with cluster headaches can be challenging. Neck pain can be part of the migraine prodromal symptoms or act as a trigger for a migraine attack. The prevalence of neck pain correlates with headache frequency and is associated with treatment resistance and greater disability. The convergence between upper cervical and trigeminal nociception via the trigeminal nucleus caudalis is the likely mechanism for neck pain in migraine. The recognition of cranial autonomic symptoms and neck pain as potential migraine features is important because they often contribute to the misdiagnosis of cervicogenic problems, tension-type headache, cluster headache, and rhinosinusitis in migraine patients, delaying appropriate attack and disease management.
PubMed: 36832077
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13040590 -
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience 2024Efferent feedback to the mammalian cochlea includes cholinergic medial olivocochlear neurons (MOCs) that release ACh to hyperpolarize and shunt the voltage change that... (Review)
Review
Efferent feedback to the mammalian cochlea includes cholinergic medial olivocochlear neurons (MOCs) that release ACh to hyperpolarize and shunt the voltage change that drives electromotility of outer hair cells (OHCs). Via brainstem connectivity, MOCs are activated by sound in a frequency- and intensity-dependent manner, thereby reducing the amplification of cochlear vibration provided by OHC electromotility. Among other roles, this efferent feedback protects the cochlea from acoustic trauma. Lesion studies, as well as a variety of genetic mouse models, support the hypothesis of efferent protection from acoustic trauma. Genetic knockout and gain-of-function knockin of the unique α9α10-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) in hair cells show that acoustic protection correlates with the efficacy of cholinergic inhibition of OHCs. This protective effect was replicated by viral transduction of the gain-of-function α9L9'T nAChR into α9-knockout mice. Continued progress with "efferent gene therapy" will require a reliable method for visualizing nAChR expression in cochlear hair cells. To that end, mice expressing HA-tagged α9 or α10 nAChRs were generated using CRISPR technology. This progress will facilitate continued study of the hair cell nAChR as a therapeutic target to prevent hearing loss and potentially to ameliorate associated pathologies such as hyperacusis.
PubMed: 38560293
DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1372948 -
Drugs in Context 2022Migraine headaches are widespread, debilitating and considered a main cause of disability worldwide. Symptoms of migraines include unilateral, pulsating pain that can... (Review)
Review
Migraine headaches are widespread, debilitating and considered a main cause of disability worldwide. Symptoms of migraines include unilateral, pulsating pain that can last for hours to days, frequently associated with photophobia and phonophobia, nausea, or vomiting, and often aggravated by physical activity. The Canadian Headache Society and American Headache Society guidelines suggest strong evidence of the efficacy of triptans, acetaminophen, aspirin, diclofenac sodium, naproxen and ibuprofen for the acute treatment of migraines. The use of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) antagonists for the treatment and prevention of migraines has been gaining utilization since the approval of the first agent in this class in 2018. There are increasing available options for the acute treatment of migraines. The purpose of this article is to provide a narrative review of the pharmacological and clinical characteristics of ubrogepant and rimegepant and to discuss their implications for use.
PubMed: 36339294
DOI: 10.7573/dic.2022-3-5 -
Headache Sep 2023To examine whether sensory hypersensitivity contributes to headache-related disability in a secondary analysis of patients with post-traumatic headache.
OBJECTIVE
To examine whether sensory hypersensitivity contributes to headache-related disability in a secondary analysis of patients with post-traumatic headache.
BACKGROUND
Up to one-third of individuals with traumatic brain injuries report persistent headache 3 months post-injury. High rates of allodynia and photophobia have been observed in clinical studies and animal models of post-traumatic headache, but we do not fully understand how sensory amplifications impact post-traumatic headache-related disability.
METHODS
We identified a cross-sectional sample of patients from the American Registry for Migraine Research database with new or worsening headaches post-head injury from 2016 to 2020 and performed a secondary analysis of those data. We modeled the relationship between sensory sensitivity and Migraine Disability Assessment scores using questionnaires. Candidate variables included data collection features (study site and year), headache-related and general clinical features (headache frequency, migraine diagnosis, abuse history, sex, age, cognitive and affective symptom scores), and sensory symptoms (related to light, sound, and touch sensitivity).
RESULTS
The final sample included 193 patients (median age 46, IQR 22; 161/193, 83.4% female). Migraine Disability Assessment scores ranged from 0 to 260 (median 47, IQR 87). The final model included allodynia, hyperacusis, photosensitivity, headache days per month, abuse history, anxiety and depression, cognitive dysfunction, and age (R = 0.43). An increase of one point in allodynia score corresponded to a 3% increase in headache disability (95% CI: 0%-7%; p = 0.027), an increase of one-tenth of a point in the photosensitivity score corresponded to a 12% increase (95% CI: 3%-25%; p = 0.002), and an increase of one point in the hyperacusis score corresponded to a 2% increase (95% CI: 0%-4%; p = 0.016).
CONCLUSIONS
Increased photosensitivity, allodynia, and hyperacusis were associated with increased headache-related disability in this sample of patients with post-traumatic headache. Symptoms of sensory amplification likely contribute to post-traumatic headache-related disability and merit an ongoing investigation into their potential as disease markers and treatment targets.
Topics: Female; Animals; Male; Post-Traumatic Headache; Cross-Sectional Studies; Hyperacusis; Hyperalgesia; Headache; Migraine Disorders; Hypersensitivity
PubMed: 37638410
DOI: 10.1111/head.14604 -
Trends in Hearing 2024Cochlear synaptopathy, a form of cochlear deafferentation, has been demonstrated in a number of animal species, including non-human primates. Both age and noise exposure... (Review)
Review
Cochlear synaptopathy, a form of cochlear deafferentation, has been demonstrated in a number of animal species, including non-human primates. Both age and noise exposure contribute to synaptopathy in animal models, indicating that it may be a common type of auditory dysfunction in humans. Temporal bone and auditory physiological data suggest that age and occupational/military noise exposure also lead to synaptopathy in humans. The predicted perceptual consequences of synaptopathy include tinnitus, hyperacusis, and difficulty with speech-in-noise perception. However, confirming the perceptual impacts of this form of cochlear deafferentation presents a particular challenge because synaptopathy can only be confirmed through post-mortem temporal bone analysis and auditory perception is difficult to evaluate in animals. Animal data suggest that deafferentation leads to increased central gain, signs of tinnitus and abnormal loudness perception, and deficits in temporal processing and signal-in-noise detection. If equivalent changes occur in humans following deafferentation, this would be expected to increase the likelihood of developing tinnitus, hyperacusis, and difficulty with speech-in-noise perception. Physiological data from humans is consistent with the hypothesis that deafferentation is associated with increased central gain and a greater likelihood of tinnitus perception, while human data on the relationship between deafferentation and hyperacusis is extremely limited. Many human studies have investigated the relationship between physiological correlates of deafferentation and difficulty with speech-in-noise perception, with mixed findings. A non-linear relationship between deafferentation and speech perception may have contributed to the mixed results. When differences in sample characteristics and study measurements are considered, the findings may be more consistent.
Topics: Humans; Cochlea; Tinnitus; Animals; Speech Perception; Hyperacusis; Noise; Auditory Perception; Synapses; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced; Loudness Perception
PubMed: 38738337
DOI: 10.1177/23312165241239541 -
Frontiers in Neurology 2021Migraine is a disabling neurovascular disorder, characterized by moderate to severe unilateral headaches, nausea, photophobia, and/or phonophobia, with a higher... (Review)
Review
Migraine is a disabling neurovascular disorder, characterized by moderate to severe unilateral headaches, nausea, photophobia, and/or phonophobia, with a higher prevalence in women than in men, which can drastically affect the quality of life of migraine patients. In addition, this chronic disorder is related with metabolic comorbidities associated with the patient's lifestyle, including obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM). Beyond the personal and socioeconomic impact caused by migraine, obesity and DM, it has been suggested that these metabolic disorders seem to be related to migraine since: (i) they are a risk factor for developing cardiovascular disorders or chronic diseases; (ii) they can be influenced by genetic and environmental risk factors; and (iii) while clinical and epidemiological studies suggest that obesity is a risk factor for migraine, DM (i.e., type 1 and type 2 DM) have been reported to be either a protective or a risk factor in migraine. On this basis, and given the high worldwide prevalence of migraine, obesity, and DM, this article provides a narrative review of the current literature related to the association between the etiology and pathophysiology of migraine and these metabolic disorders, considering lifestyle aspects, as well as the possible involvement of neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, and/or sex hormones. While a link between migraine and metabolic disorders has been suggested, many studies are contradictory and the mechanisms involved in this association are not yet sufficiently established. Therefore, further research should be focused on understanding the possible mechanisms involved.
PubMed: 34177788
DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.686398 -
Journal of Neurosciences in Rural... Jan 2020The diagnosis of migraine depends on various characteristics of headache with their associated constitutional symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and...
The diagnosis of migraine depends on various characteristics of headache with their associated constitutional symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia. Relatively severe intensity, throbbing character, unilaterality, and aggravation with physical activity are the key features of migraine headache. We did this study to describe a new symptom (step-headache) in migraine in which some patients complained of uncomfortable or painful thump over the head with each footstep during walking or running. Self-designed proforma was filled in each clinically diagnosed patient of migraine or tension-type headache in an outpatient clinic setting. The symptom designated here as step-headache was evaluated in 150 patients of migraine including 26 patients with overlapping headache and 244 patients of tension-type headache. Binary logistic regression was used for association analysis of step-headache with subgroups of migraine and with other migraine features. Frequency distributions were expressed as numbers (percentages) or mean ± standard deviation. Binary logistic regression was used for association analysis of step-headache with subgroups of migraine and with other migraine features. Step-headache was experienced by 97 (64.67%) migraine patients with nearly equal distribution among the two clinical subtypes (61.5% for migraine with aura and 65.3% for migraine without aura) but with high prevalence among perimenopausal onset migraine. Of all the patients who had this symptom, 77.32% experienced it during all the migraine attacks. The step-headache was differentiable from throbs of migraine and their exacerbation during physical activity by its synchrony with footsteps and its presence during nonpulsatile headaches or nonheadache phases of migraine. Sensitivity of this symptom was 64.67% while specificity was 100%. Among primary headaches, step-headache is a less well-known but common and distinct symptom of migraine. It has good sensitivity and high specificity for migraine.
PubMed: 32140009
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3400197 -
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience 2023Migraine is a common chronic neurological disease characterized by pulsating headaches, photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, and vomiting. The prevalence of dementia in...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Migraine is a common chronic neurological disease characterized by pulsating headaches, photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, and vomiting. The prevalence of dementia in individuals aged over 65 years in Korea is more than 10%, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia accounts for most cases. Although these two neurological diseases account for a large portion of the medical burden in Korea, few studies have examined the relationship between the two diseases. Therefore, this study investigated the incidence and risk of AD in patients with migraines.
METHODS
We retrospectively collected nationwide data from a national health insurance claims database governed by Korea's National Health Insurance Service. Among Koreans in the 2009 record, patients with migraine were identified according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) code G43. First, we screened the database for participants aged over 40 years. Individuals diagnosed with migraine at least twice over more than 3 months in a year were considered to have chronic migraine in this study. Further, all participants with an AD diagnosis (ICD-10 code: Alzheimer's disease F00, G30) were investigated for AD dementia development. The primary endpoint was AD development.
RESULTS
The overall incidence of AD dementia was higher in individuals with a history of migraine than in those with no migraine history (8.0 per 1,000 person-years vs. 4.1 per 1,000 person-years). The risk of AD dementia was higher in individuals diagnosed with migraine (hazard ratio = 1.37 [95% confidence interval, 1.35-1.39]) than in the control group after adjustments for age and sex. Individuals with chronic migraine had a higher incidence of AD dementia than those with episodic migraine. Younger age (<65 years old) was associated with an increased risk of AD dementia compared to older age (≥65 years old). Higher body mass index (BMI) (≥25 kg/m) was also associated with an increased risk of AD dementia compared to lower BMI (<25 kg/m) ( < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Our results suggest that individuals with a migraine history are more susceptible to AD than those without a migraine history. Additionally, these associations were more significant in younger and obese individuals with migraine than in individuals without migraine.
PubMed: 37304073
DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1196185