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Gels (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2024In recent research, significant interest has been directed towards gelatin-based hydrogels due to their affordable price, extensive availability, and biocompatibility,...
In recent research, significant interest has been directed towards gelatin-based hydrogels due to their affordable price, extensive availability, and biocompatibility, making them promising candidates for various biomedical applications. The development and characterization of novel hydrogels formed from varying ratios of gelatin, triblock copolymer Pluronic F-127, and phytic acid have been presented. Swelling properties were examined at different pH levels. The morphology of hydrogels and their thermal properties were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis of the hydrogels was also performed. The introduction of phytic acid in the hydrogel plays a crucial role in enhancing the intermolecular interactions within gelatin-based hydrogels, contributing to a more stable, elastic, and robust network structure.
PubMed: 38786211
DOI: 10.3390/gels10050294 -
Polymers Dec 2022Flame retardant and antibacterial sodium alginate (SA) fiber were fabricated using the bio-based flame retardant of phytic acid and DL-arginine successively, and then...
Flame retardant and antibacterial sodium alginate (SA) fiber were fabricated using the bio-based flame retardant of phytic acid and DL-arginine successively, and then the morphological structures, combustion behavior, thermal stability, and mechanical as well as antibacterial properties of SA fiber were investigated carefully. It is found that when the additional amount of PADL (reaction products of phytic acid and DL-arginine) in SA composite fiber is 20 wt%, its limiting oxygen index (LOI) is 40.0 ± 0.3%, and UL-94 is V-0 grade. The combustion behavior of composite fiber shows that PADL can effectively reduce combustion heat and promote carbon formation. Its peak of HRR (pkHRR) is 5.9% of pure SA fiber, and the residual carbon increases from 23.0 ± 0.1% to 44.2 ± 0.2%. At the same time, the density of the residual carbon increases gradually. PADL can promote SA to form expanded carbon with increasing density, and isolate the heat and volatilization of combustible gases. The guanidine group of DL-arginine can interact with the cell membrane to kill bacteria, and the antibacterial property of SA composite fiber is increased by 30%. This study provides a very ecological, safe, environmentally friendly and simple method to prepare flame retardant and antibacterial SA composite fiber with bio-based materials.
PubMed: 36616504
DOI: 10.3390/polym15010154 -
Frontiers in Nutrition 2022For cereal-based foods rich in dietary fibers, iron bioavailability is known to be poor. For native cereal β-glucan extracts, literature has demonstrated that the main...
For cereal-based foods rich in dietary fibers, iron bioavailability is known to be poor. For native cereal β-glucan extracts, literature has demonstrated that the main factor impacting the bioavailability is phytic acid, which is often found in association with dietary fibers. During food processing, β-glucan can undergo modifications which could potentially affect the equilibrium between phytic acid, fiber, and iron. In this study, an digestion was used to elucidate the iron dialysability, and hence estimate iron availability, in the presence of native, chelating resin (Chelex)-treated, oxidised, or partially hydrolysed oat and barley β-glucan extracts (at 1% actual β-glucan concentration), with or without phytase treatment. It was confirmed that pure, phytic acid-free β-glucan polysaccharide does not impede iron availability in cereal foods, while phytic acid, and to a smaller extent, also proteins, associated to β-glucan can do so. Neither Chelex-treatment nor partial hydrolysis, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO) or NaIO oxidation significantly influenced the phytic acid content of the β-glucan extracts (ranging 2.0-3.9%; > 0.05). Consequently, as long as intrinsic phytic acid was still present, the β-glucan extracts blocked the iron availability regardless of source (oat, barley) or Chelex-treatment, partial hydrolysis or NaIO-oxidation down to 0-8% (relative to the reference without β-glucan extract). Remarkably, TEMPO-oxidation released around 50% of the sequestered iron despite unchanged phytic acid levels in the modified extract. We propose an iron-mobilising effect of the TEMPO product β-polyglucuronan from insoluble Fe(II)/phytate/protein aggregates to soluble Fe(II)/bile salt units that can cross the dialysis membrane. In addition, Chelex-treatment was identified as prerequisite for phytase to dramatically diminish iron retention of the extract for virtually full availability, with implications for optimal iron bioavailability in cereal foods.
PubMed: 35769375
DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.879280 -
Plants (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2020The (), or "low-phytate" seed trait can provide numerous potential benefits to the nutritional quality of foods and feeds and to the sustainability of agricultural...
The (), or "low-phytate" seed trait can provide numerous potential benefits to the nutritional quality of foods and feeds and to the sustainability of agricultural production. Major benefits include enhanced phosphorus (P) management contributing to enhanced sustainability in non-ruminant (poultry, swine, and fish) production; reduced environmental impact due to reduced waste P in non-ruminant production; enhanced "global" bioavailability of minerals (iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium) for both humans and non-ruminant animals; enhancement of animal health, productivity and the quality of animal products; development of "low seed total P" crops which also can enhance management of P in agricultural production and contribute to its sustainability. Evaluations of this trait by industry and by advocates of biofortification via breeding for enhanced mineral density have been too short term and too narrowly focused. Arguments against breeding for the low-phytate trait overstate the negatives such as potentially reduced yields and field performance or possible reductions in phytic acid's health benefits. Progress in breeding or genetically-engineering high-yielding stress-tolerant low-phytate crops continues. Perhaps due to the potential benefits of the low-phytate trait, the challenge of developing high-yielding, stress-tolerant low-phytate crops has become something of a holy grail for crop genetic engineering. While there are widely available and efficacious alternative approaches to deal with the problems posed by seed-derived dietary phytic acid, such as use of the enzyme phytase as a feed additive, or biofortification breeding, if there were an interest in developing low-phytate crops with good field performance and good seed quality, it could be accomplished given adequate time and support. Even with a moderate reduction in yield, in light of the numerous benefits of low-phytate types as human foods or animal feeds, should one not grow a nutritionally-enhanced crop variant that perhaps has 5% to 10% less yield than a standard variant but one that is substantially more nutritious? Such crops would be a benefit to human nutrition especially in populations at risk for iron and zinc deficiency, and a benefit to the sustainability of agricultural production.
PubMed: 31979164
DOI: 10.3390/plants9020140 -
RSC Advances Feb 2023Self-assembled lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO) with tunable microstructure is an effective way to improve the electrochemical performance of cathode materials for...
Self-assembled lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO) with tunable microstructure is an effective way to improve the electrochemical performance of cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. Herein, self-assembled LiFePO/C twin microspheres are synthesized by a hydrothermal method using a mixed solution of phosphoric acid and phytic acid as the phosphorus source. The twin microspheres are hierarchical structures composed of primary nano-sized capsule-like particles (about 100 nm in diameter and 200 nm in length). The uniform thin carbon layer on the surface of the particles improves the charge transport capacity. The channel between the particles facilitates the electrolyte infiltration, and the high electrolyte accessibility enables the electrode material to obtain excellent ion transport. The optimal LiFePO/C-60 exhibits excellent rate performance with discharge capacity of 156.3 mA h g and 118.5 mA h g respectively at 0.2C and 10C, and low temperature performances with discharge capacity of 90.67 mA h g and 66.7 mA h g at -15 °C and -25 °C, respectively. This research may provide a new pathway to improve the performance of LiFePO by tuning the micro-structures by adjusting the relative content of phosphoric acid and phytic acid.
PubMed: 36874933
DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00183k -
Nano Research 2022Ca plays critical roles in the development of diseases, whereas existing various Ca regulation methods have been greatly restricted in their clinical applications due to...
UNLABELLED
Ca plays critical roles in the development of diseases, whereas existing various Ca regulation methods have been greatly restricted in their clinical applications due to their high toxicity and inefficiency. To solve this issue, with the help of Ca overexpressed tumor drug resistance model, the phytic acid (PA)-modified CeO nano-inhibitors have been rationally designed as an unprecedentedly safe and efficient Ca inhibitor to successfully reverse tumor drug resistance through Ca negative regulation strategy. Using doxorubicin (Dox) as a model chemotherapeutic drug, the Ca nano-inhibitors efficiently deprived intracellular excessive free Ca, suppressed P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression and significantly enhanced intracellular drug accumulation in Dox-resistant tumor cells. This Ca negative regulation strategy improved the intratumoral Dox concentration by a factor of 12.4 and nearly eradicated tumors without obvious adverse effects. Besides, nanocerias as pH-regulated nanozyme greatly alleviated the adverse effects of chemotherapeutic drug on normal cells/organs and substantially improved survivals of mice. We anticipate that this safe and effective Ca negative regulation strategy has potentials to conquer the pitfalls of traditional Ca inhibitors, improve therapeutic efficacy of common chemotherapeutic drugs and serves as a facile and effective treatment platform of other Ca associated diseases.
ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL
Supplementary material (further details of the XRD pattern of CeO, TEM images, XPS spectra, cellular uptake study, cytotoxicity data, apoptosis study, biodistribution, and biosecurity of nanocerias , etc.) is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-022-4069-0.
PubMed: 35126877
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-4069-0 -
Polymers Apr 2020Flame retardant systems based on bio-sourced products combine quite high fire performances with the low environmental impact related to their synthesis and exploitation....
Flame retardant systems based on bio-sourced products combine quite high fire performances with the low environmental impact related to their synthesis and exploitation. In this context, this work describes a new all bio-sourced flame retardant system designed and applied to cotton fabrics. In particular, it consists of phytic acid (PA), a phosphorus-based naturally occurring molecule extracted from different plant tissues, in combination with biochar (BC), a carbon-rich solid product obtained from the thermo-chemical conversion of biomasses in an oxygen-limited environment. PA and BC were mixed together at a 1:1 weight ratio in an aqueous medium, and applied to cotton at different loadings. As revealed by flammability and forced combustion tests, this bio-sourced system was able to provide significant improvements in flame retardance of cotton, even limiting the final dry add-on on the treated fabrics at 8 wt.% only. The so-treated fabrics were capable to achieve self-extinction in both horizontal and vertical flame spread tests; besides, they did not ignite under the exposure to 35 kW/m irradiative heat flux. Conversely, the proposed flame retardant treatment did not show a high washing fastness, though the washed flame retarded fabrics still exhibited a better flame retardant behavior than untreated cotton.
PubMed: 32260336
DOI: 10.3390/polym12040811 -
Journal of Conservative Dentistry : JCD 2020The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of phytic acid and ethylendiamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) in the removal of calcium ion from...
AIM
The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of phytic acid and ethylendiamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) in the removal of calcium ion from radicular dentin during endodontic procedure.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-five single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth were decoronated, and the roots were split longitudinally into two halves. Among obtained specimens, 45 specimens were randomly selected and divided into three groups ( = 15): Group 1 - distilled water, Group 2 - 17% EDTA, and Group 3 - 1% phytic acid. Samples in each group were immersed in the test solutions for specific time intervals, after which the same solution samples were subjected for the evaluation of amount of calcium ion release into the solution by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance test.
RESULTS
The use of 17% EDTA resulted in more calcium ion loss as compared to 1% phytic acid and distilled water.
CONCLUSION
One percent phytic acid seems to be an appropriate irrigating solution because of its less demineralizing effect as compared to 17% EDTA on radicular dentin.
PubMed: 33384484
DOI: 10.4103/JCD.JCD_111_20 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2024Administration of high doses of acetaminophen (APAP) results in liver injury. Oxidative stress and iron overload play roles in the pathogenesis of APAP-induced...
Administration of high doses of acetaminophen (APAP) results in liver injury. Oxidative stress and iron overload play roles in the pathogenesis of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. The present study assessed the potential hepatoprotective effects of phytic acid (PA), a natural antioxidant and iron chelator, on APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and the possible underlying mechanism through its effects on gene expression, iron homeostasis, oxidative stress, and -1 expression levels. Twenty-four adult male albino mice were used in this study. Mice were divided into four groups (six mice in each group): control, APAP-treated, PA-treated and APAP + PA-treated groups. Liver function tests, serum and liver tissue iron load were evaluated in all the study groups. Hepatic tissue homogenates were used to detect oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH). Histological hepatic evaluation and immunohistochemistry of -1 were performed. Quantitative real-time PCR was used for the assessment of and SIRT-1 gene expressions. APAP-induced biochemical and structural hepatic changes were reported. PA administration showed beneficial effects on APAP-induced hepatotoxicity through improvements in liver functions, decreased gene expression, decreased serum and liver iron load, decreased MDA, increased GSH, increased -1 expression level and improvement in hepatic architecture. Conclusively, PA can be considered a potential compound that can attenuate acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity through its role as an iron chelator and antioxidant, as well as the up-regulation of -1 and down-regulation of
PubMed: 38751780
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1384834 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2023The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of desaponification, soaking, germination, and refrigerated storage on the phytase activity, phytic acid content, and...
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of desaponification, soaking, germination, and refrigerated storage on the phytase activity, phytic acid content, and nutritional properties of three varieties of quinoa: white, red, and black. Desaponification and soaking reduced the number of minerals and the nutritional content. Germination of the seeds was carried out in the desaponified samples. The nutritional values, phytase activity, and phytic acid content of quinoa were measured after 6 h of soaking and then at 4 and 7 days during germination plus 7 days of refrigerated storage (4 °C). Germination increased the fibre and protein content as well as the iron, zinc, and calcium content. Germination significantly increased the phytase activity in all varieties and decreased the phytic acid content. The phytic acid content decreased during germination from 32 to 74%. Refrigerated storage had no significant effect on most of the factors studied. Germination boosts nutritional content and phytase activity while decreasing phytic acid content. Germination can be a simple method to reduce phytic acid in quinoa and may also improve the nutritional quality of this pseudocereal with the potential for use in functional foods and vegetarian diets.
PubMed: 36673480
DOI: 10.3390/foods12020389