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Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2023Millions of people in the world live in food insecurity, so identifying a tuber with characteristics capable of meeting the demand for food and also identifying active... (Review)
Review
Millions of people in the world live in food insecurity, so identifying a tuber with characteristics capable of meeting the demand for food and also identifying active compounds that can be used to minimize harm to human health is of great value. The aim was to carry out a review based on systematic review tools and the main objective was to seek information on botanical, food, pharmacological, and phytochemical aspects of sp. and propose possible applications. This review showed papers that addressed botanical, food, pharmacological, and phytochemical aspects of the Mairá-potato and presented suggestions for using this tuber allied to the information described in the works found in the Google Academic, Scielo, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. This review synthesized knowledge about the Mairá-potato that can contribute to the direction of further research on the suggested technological applications, both on the use of this tuber as a polymeric material and its use as biomaterial, encapsulation, bioactive use, and 3D printing, because this work collected information about this non-conventional food plant (PANC) that shows great potential for use in various areas of study.
Topics: Humans; Solanum tuberosum; Food; Biocompatible Materials; Databases, Factual; Magnoliopsida; Phytochemicals
PubMed: 37630321
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166069 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2020The genera and (Asparagaceae, Nolinoideae) are still poorly resolved phylogenetically. Plants of these genera are commonly distributed in Africa, China, Southeast... (Review)
Review
The genera and (Asparagaceae, Nolinoideae) are still poorly resolved phylogenetically. Plants of these genera are commonly distributed in Africa, China, Southeast Asia, and America. Most of them are cultivated for ornamental and medicinal purposes and are used in various traditional medicines due to the wide range of ethnopharmacological properties. Extensive in vivo and in vitro tests have been carried out to prove the ethnopharmacological claims and other bioactivities. These investigations have been accompanied by the isolation and identification of hundreds of phytochemical constituents. The most characteristic metabolites are steroids, flavonoids, stilbenes, and saponins; many of them exhibit potent analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiproliferative, and cytotoxic activities. This review highlights the structures and bioactivities of flavonoids and stilbenoids isolated from and .
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Dracaena; Flavonoids; Humans; Phytochemicals; Sansevieria; Stilbenes
PubMed: 32503357
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112608 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2022, a small bush of the Rhamnaceae family, has been widely used in traditional folk medicine, is rich in bioactive molecules, and has many reported pharmacological and... (Review)
Review
, a small bush of the Rhamnaceae family, has been widely used in traditional folk medicine, is rich in bioactive molecules, and has many reported pharmacological and therapeutic properties. : To gather the current knowledge related to the medicinal characteristics of . Specifically, its phytochemical contents and pharmacological activities in the treatment of various diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, are discussed. : Major scientific literature databases, including PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Chemical Abstracts, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Abstracts, Henriette's Herbal Homepage, Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases, were searched to retrieve articles related to the review subject. General web searches using Google and Google scholar were also utilized. The search period covered articles published between 1980 and the end of October 2021.The search used the keywords '', AND ('phytochemical content', 'pharmacological properties, or activities, or effects, or roles', 'anti-inflammatory', 'anti-drought', 'anti-thermal', 'anthelmintic', 'antidiabetic',' anticancer', 'anticholinesterase', 'antimicrobial', 'sedative', 'antipyretic', 'analgesic', or 'gastrointestinal'). : This plant is rich in characteristic alkaloids, especially cyclopeptide alkaloids such as nummularine-M. Other phytochemicals, including flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, tannins, and phenolic compounds, are also present. These phytochemicals are responsible for the reported pharmacological properties of , including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anthelmintic, antidiabetic, anticancer, analgesic, and gastrointestinal activities. In addition, has anti-drought and anti-thermal characteristics. : Research into the phytochemical and pharmacological properties of has demonstrated that this plant is a rich source of novel bioactive compounds. So far, has shown a varied pharmacological profile (antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective), warranting further research to uncover the therapeutic potential of the bioactives of this plant. Taken together, may represent a new potential target for the discovery of new drug leads.
Topics: Alkaloids; Antioxidants; Ethnopharmacology; Medicine, Traditional; Phytochemicals; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Ziziphus
PubMed: 35807485
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134240 -
International Journal of Molecular... Sep 2022Naturally occurring bioactives, also known as phytochemicals, have been widely recognized and researched owing to their multiple potentialities [...].
Naturally occurring bioactives, also known as phytochemicals, have been widely recognized and researched owing to their multiple potentialities [...].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Phytochemicals
PubMed: 36232312
DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911016 -
PloS One 2021Medicinal plants represent a great source of antimicrobial and phytochemical constituents which are increasingly used to treat microbial infections and other ailments...
Medicinal plants represent a great source of antimicrobial and phytochemical constituents which are increasingly used to treat microbial infections and other ailments such as tuberculosis, anemia, and trachoma. Despite the use of antibiotics, antimicrobial resistance continues to be a world issue, in as much as nutrition. This study investigated the presence of phytochemicals, proximate compositions, and antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract of Carapa procera bark. The bark of Carapa procera was collected, cleaned and air dried for 72 h. The powder obtained was treated with diethyl ether and soaked in methanol (99%) for 72 h to obtain crude extract. The extract was used to test for the presence of phytochemicals and antimicrobial activities. The raw bark was used for proximate analysis. The result showed presence of steroids, tannins and saponins, but no alkaloids present. The 100 mg/mL extract had the highest inhibition zone on all tested organisms from 24.00 ± 0.94 to 26.67 ± 1.18, and 50 mg/mL showed the least (16.67 ± 1.24) on Candida albicans. Staphylococcus aureus showed the lowest minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 3.12 mg/mL, whereas the Gram-negative bacteria exhibited variations in their sensitivity with E. coli having the highest MIC of 25 mg/mL. The extract had high MIC (6.25 mg/mL) on Candida albicans than clotrimazole (50 mg/mL). The proximate compositions of Carapa procera were moisture (6.07 ± 0.07%), ash (12.46 ± 0.46%), crude protein (9.54 ± 0.12%), crude fat (1.42 ± 0.06%) and carbohydrate (70.50 ± 0.35%). The energy value was 1413.17 kj. Thus, Carapa procera possesses both antimicrobial and nutritional potentials worth exploring and domesticating for sustainable management and conservation.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Candida albicans; Meliaceae; Phytochemicals; Plant Bark; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 34941952
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261755 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2021Invasive plant species (IAS), with their numerous negative ecological, health, and economic impacts, represent one of the greatest conservation challenges in the world....
Invasive plant species (IAS), with their numerous negative ecological, health, and economic impacts, represent one of the greatest conservation challenges in the world. Reducing the negative impacts and potentially exploiting the biomass of these plant species can significantly contribute to sustainable management, protect biodiversity, and create a healthy environment. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional potential, phytochemical status, and antioxidant capacity of nine alien invasive plant species: , , , , , , , , and . Multivariate statistical methods such as cluster and PCA were performed to determine possible connections and correlations among selected IAS depending on the phytochemical content. According to the obtained results, was notable with the highest content of vitamin C (38.46 mg/100 g FW); while (1365.92 mg GAE/100 g FW) showed the highest values of total polyphenolic compounds. was characterized by the highest content of total chlorophylls (0.26 mg/g) and antioxidant capacity (2221.97 µmol TE/kg). Therefore, it can be concluded that the selected IAS represent nutrient-rich plant material with significant potential for the recovering of bioactive compounds.
Topics: Biomass; Introduced Species; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Plants
PubMed: 34206657
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133814 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2021(Oliv.) Harms (Araliaceae), also known as and () in Chinese, is a widely used traditional Chinese herb with the effects of expelling wind and removing dampness,... (Review)
Review
(Oliv.) Harms (Araliaceae), also known as and () in Chinese, is a widely used traditional Chinese herb with the effects of expelling wind and removing dampness, relaxing the muscles and stimulating the blood circulation, and regulating the flow of to alleviate pain in the theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine. (AH, thereafter) possesses ginseng-like activities and is known as ginseng-like herb. In the past decade, a great number of phytochemical and pharmacological studies on AH have been carried out. Several kinds of chemical compositions have been reported, including terpenoids (monoterpenoids, diterpenoids, and triterpenoid saponins), phenylpropanoids, caffeoyl quinic acid derivatives, flavonoids, lignans, sterols, fatty acids, etc., among which, triterpenoid saponins were considered to be the most active components. Considerable pharmacological experiments in vitro have demonstrated that AH possessed anti-neuroinflammatory, anti-adipogenic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, anti-AChE, anti-BuChE, and antihyaluronidase activities. The present review is an up-to-date and comprehensive analysis of the botany, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of AH.
Topics: Eleutherococcus; Ethnopharmacology; Phytochemicals; Research
PubMed: 33921386
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082215 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2020Mushrooms have a long history of uses for their medicinal and nutritional properties. They have been consumed by people for thousands of years. Edible mushrooms are... (Review)
Review
Mushrooms have a long history of uses for their medicinal and nutritional properties. They have been consumed by people for thousands of years. Edible mushrooms are collected in the wild or cultivated worldwide. Recently, mushroom extracts and their secondary metabolites have acquired considerable attention due to their biological effects, which include antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and immunomodulatory activities. Thus, in addition to phytochemists, nutritionists and consumers are now deeply interested in the phytochemical constituents of mushrooms, which provide beneficial effects to humans in terms of health promotion and reduction of disease-related risks. In recent years, scientific reports on the nutritional, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of mushroom have been overwhelming. However, the bioactive compounds and biological properties of wild edible mushrooms growing in Southeast Asian countries have been rarely described. In this review, the bioactive compounds isolated from 25 selected wild edible mushrooms growing in Southeast Asia have been reviewed, together with their biological activities. Phytoconstituents with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities have been highlighted. Several evidences indicate that mushrooms are good sources for natural antioxidants and antimicrobial agents.
Topics: Agaricales; Antioxidants; Asia, Southeastern; Biological Products; Humans; Molecular Structure; Phenotype; Phytochemicals
PubMed: 32340227
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081972 -
Journal of Ethnopharmacology Jul 2022Petasites (butterbur, Asteraceae) species have been used since Ancient times in the traditional medicine of Asian and European countries to treat central nervous system... (Review)
Review
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
Petasites (butterbur, Asteraceae) species have been used since Ancient times in the traditional medicine of Asian and European countries to treat central nervous system (migraine), respiratory (asthma, allergic rhinitis, bronchitis, spastic cough), cardiovascular (hypertension), gastrointestinal (ulcers) and genitourinary (dysmenorrhea) disorders.
AIM OF THE REVIEW
This study summarized and discussed the traditional uses, phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological aspects of Petasites genus.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic search of Petasites in online databases (Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar) was performed, with the aim to find the phytochemical, toxicological and bioactivity studies. The Global Biodiversity Information Facility, Plants of the World Online, World Flora Online and The Plant List databases were used to describe the taxonomy and geographical distribution.
RESULTS
The detailed phytochemistry of the potentially active compounds of Petasites genus (e.g. sesquiterpenes, pyrrolizidine alkaloids, polyphenols and essential oils components) was presented. The bioactivity studies (cell-free, cell-based, animal, and clinical) including the traditional uses of Petasites (e.g. anti-spasmolytic, hypotensive, anti-asthmatic activities) were addressed and followed by discussion of the main pharmacokinetical and toxicological issues related to the administration of butterbur-based formulations.
CONCLUSIONS
This review provides a complete overview of the Petasites geographical distribution, traditional use, phytochemistry, bioactivity, and toxicity. More than 200 different sesquiterpenes (eremophilanes, furanoeremophilanes, bakkenolides), 50 phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoids, lignans) and volatile compounds (monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes) have been reported within the genus. Considering the phytochemical complexity and the polypharmacological potential, there is a growing research interest to extend the current therapeutical applications of Petasites preparations (anti-migraine, anti-allergic) to other human ailments, such as central nervous system, cardiovascular, malignant or microbial diseases. This research pathway is extremely important, especially in the recent context of the pandemic situation, when there is an imperious need for novel drug candidates.
Topics: Animals; Ethnobotany; Ethnopharmacology; Medicine, Traditional; Petasites; Phytochemicals; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 35427728
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115263 -
BioMed Research International 2022Ethiopia is one of Africa's six plant-rich countries, with around 60% of the plants being indigenous and most of them having medicinal properties. 80% of people in the... (Review)
Review
Ethiopia is one of Africa's six plant-rich countries, with around 60% of the plants being indigenous and most of them having medicinal properties. 80% of people in the country use these plants as a primary health care system to tackle different diseases, including cancer. This review is aimed at summarizing the evidence gained from diverse MPs in Ethiopia that have been used ethnobotanically and ethnopharmacologically for treatment of cancer. The primary data sources were Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and other electronic scientific databases. This literature review showed that there are around 200 MPs used as anticancer. Seventy-four herbs, 39 trees, 77 shrubs, and 17 weed/climbers belonging to 56 families have been identified for their ethnobotanical anticancer potential, and 31 species were recognized for their pharmaceutically anticancer activities. The reviewed data also indicated that many Ethiopian MPs had been used to treat breast, lung, blood, and skin cancers and other tumors. Besides, the collected data showed that the leaves (36.76%), roots (27.2%), bark (12.5%), stem (5.1%), and fruit (7.35%) of plants are commonly used for the preparation of anticancer remedies. Among the reported plant species, Euphorbiaceae (10.71%), Acanthaceae (7.14%), and Asteraceae (7.1%) are the most prominent plant families being used to treat cancer ethnobotanically. Phytochemicals such as flavonoids (like xanthone, indirubin, flavopiridol, and silybin), alkaloids (like taxol, vincristine, evodiamine, and berberine), and physalin B, D, and F steroids exhibited anticancer activity on various cancer cell lines. The crude extracts of , , , , and were powerful anticancer agents with an IC value below 10 g/mL. Although several Ethiopian plants possess anticancer potential, only a limited number of plants are scientifically studied. Therefore, more scientific studies on anticancer MPs should be carried out; it may lead to discovering and isolating cost-effective and safe anticancer drugs.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Ethiopia; Ethnopharmacology; Phytochemicals; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal
PubMed: 35155671
DOI: 10.1155/2022/1589877