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Global Pediatric Health 2022A preadolescent female presented to the emergency department with an acute asthma exacerbation. Chest radiograph and computed tomography scan showed extensive...
A preadolescent female presented to the emergency department with an acute asthma exacerbation. Chest radiograph and computed tomography scan showed extensive pneumomediastinum with a small pneumopericardium without a distinct source for this air leak. The patient was admitted for noninvasive monitoring, analgesia, and high concentration oxygen. Serial chest radiographs showed marked improvement following high concentration oxygen, and she was discharged on hospital day 3. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum and pneumopericardium are rare complications of asthma that can often be managed conservatively but should be considered on the differential for this patient population, and may be a complication of COVID-19.
PubMed: 35664046
DOI: 10.1177/2333794X221101773 -
Clinical Endoscopy Jan 2022The gastrointestinal endoscopy paradigm is rapidly changing, and technological advancements are largely responsible. In tandem, anesthesia providers are adapting to the... (Review)
Review
The gastrointestinal endoscopy paradigm is rapidly changing, and technological advancements are largely responsible. In tandem, anesthesia providers are adapting to the changing needs and demands. The challenges are unique. Complications arising from the procedures are both routine, such as aspiration and hypoxia, and procedure specific, such as bleeding, pneumothorax, pneumopericardium, and pneumoperitoneum. It is crucial for the anesthesia provider to have a good understanding of the techniques employed by the endoscopist. A higher index of suspicion is also essential to diagnose and appropriately manage many of the complications. In this review, an effort is made to discuss both procedural aspects and anesthesia challenges. We hope that both endoscopists and anesthesia providers will benefit from this review.
PubMed: 34974678
DOI: 10.5946/ce.2021.236 -
Clinical Case Reports Dec 2021Late-onset chest pain, dysphagia, or endocarditis-like symptoms after atrial fibrillation ablation could be an alarm for fatal complications as Esophagoatrial or...
Late-onset chest pain, dysphagia, or endocarditis-like symptoms after atrial fibrillation ablation could be an alarm for fatal complications as Esophagoatrial or Pericardioesophageal fistula. If the diagnosis is delayed, mortality will be inevitable.
PubMed: 34938539
DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4844 -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... May 2023
Topics: Humans; Pneumopericardium; Pericardium
PubMed: 37220925
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.221137-f -
Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia :... Oct 2022
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Epithelial Cells; Humans; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Pneumopericardium; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 36150943
DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2021.09.017 -
Cureus Oct 2022There is an emerging body of literature describing an increasing incidence of pneumomediastinum and, to a lesser extent, pneumopericardium as a complication of COVID-19.... (Review)
Review
There is an emerging body of literature describing an increasing incidence of pneumomediastinum and, to a lesser extent, pneumopericardium as a complication of COVID-19. However, the literature lacks information regarding patients' characteristics and a general view of this unusual condition. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the current literature on this phenomenon. In this study, we summarize the risk factors/etiology, imaging modalities, management, and prognosis of known cases in the literature. In total, 48 articles were included in the study, ranging from case reports to case series. Most patients were male (83.3%). The overall mortality rate was 27.1% and the recovery rate was 62.5%.
PubMed: 36381752
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30244 -
Acta Medica Portuguesa Feb 2022
Topics: Humans; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Pneumopericardium
PubMed: 33588984
DOI: 10.20344/amp.13802 -
Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 2022COVID-19 patients develop Life-threatening complications like pneumomediastinum/pneumothorax and emphysema which might experience prolonged hospital stays and additional... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
COVID-19 patients develop Life-threatening complications like pneumomediastinum/pneumothorax and emphysema which might experience prolonged hospital stays and additional costs might be imposed on the patient and the health system. The clinical features and outcomes of mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19 infection who develop a pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema has not been rigorously described or compared to those who do not develop these complications. So a systematic review of studies conducted on this subject was carried out to better manage these complications by investigating the underlying factors in COVID-19 patients.
METHODS
The search was conducted between early January and late December 2020 in databases including PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, using the following keywords and their combinations: COVID-19 Complication, Pneumothorax, Pneumomediastinum, Pneumopericardium, and Subcutaneous Emphysema. The extracted studies were screened separately by two researchers based on the PRISMA statement. After eliminating the duplicate studies, the title, abstract, and full text of the remaining studies were reviewed. Disagreements in the screening and selection of the studies were resolved by consensus or through a third-party opinion.
RESULTS
A total of 793 articles were retrieved through the literature search, and 99 studies conducted on a total of 139 patients were finally included The patient mortality was found to have a significant relationship with positive pressure ventilation (P=0.0001). There was no significant relationship between the patients' death and chest tube insertion (P=0.2) or between the interval of time from the onset of symptoms to the diagnosis of pneumothorax (P=0.7). The mean age was higher in the deceased cases, and the mean difference observed was statistically significant (P=0.001).
CONCLUSION
With the expansion of our clinical understanding of COVID-19, recognition of the uncommon complications of COVID-19 especially pneumothorax is crucial. Although in our review we couldn't find a causal relationship between COVID-19 and pneumothorax or association between pneumothorax and death, as it is limited by many variables such as included studies' design, or incomplete outcome data especially more information about the associated risk factors, we recommend performing more well-designed studies to describe the pneumothoraxes' incidence, risk factors, and outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
PubMed: 35480506
DOI: 10.12669/pjms.38.3.5529 -
Heart & Lung : the Journal of Critical... 2020
Topics: Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Coronavirus Infections; Humans; Mediastinal Emphysema; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; Pneumopericardium; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 32980170
DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2020.09.006