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Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2022Podophyllin is a cytotoxic material extracted from and and is widely used for the treatment of genital warts. This article reviews the chemistry of podophyllin and its...
Podophyllin is a cytotoxic material extracted from and and is widely used for the treatment of genital warts. This article reviews the chemistry of podophyllin and its active components along with the mechanism of action in various dermatoses. Furthermore, the documented uses of podophyllin in various dermatological disorders have been described along with the side effects of the drug. Based on the available literature, a clinical guideline is being proposed so as to minimize the side effects. Further studies should be carried out on its use in a lower concentration in other dermatoses, especially premalignant and malignant skin diseases.
PubMed: 35198500
DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_225_21 -
Indian Journal of Critical Care... Jun 2020Accidental poisoning in children is very common, making up 10.9% of all unintentional injuries worldwide. Africa has the highest incidence of fatal poisonings worldwide,...
Accidental poisoning in children is very common, making up 10.9% of all unintentional injuries worldwide. Africa has the highest incidence of fatal poisonings worldwide, at 4 per 100,000. Poisoning with podophyllin is rare, with most cases documented around the 1970s to 1980s. Podophyllin is a resin mixture obtained from the dried Rhizome and roots of (North America) and (India). Podophyllotoxin is the most toxic chemical present in the podophyllin, which is lipid soluble; so crosses the cell membrane easily and inhibits mitotic spindle formation. Both topical application and oral consumption can cause podophyllin poisoning. Neurotoxicity is the most serious effect along with bone marrow depression, gastrointestinal irritation, and hepatic and renal dysfunction. Management of podophyllin toxicity is mainly symptomatic, and no specific antidote exists. We report a case of a 2-year-old-year girl with accidental podophyllin poisoning, who presented with neurotoxicity followed by multiorgan dysfunction and then succumbed. Education of parents and healthcare workers on home safety still remains the mainstay of prevention. Jain MK, Patnaik S, Rup AR, Gaurav A. A Rare Case of Podophyllin Poisoning: Early Intervention is Lifesaving. Indian J Crit Care Med 2020;24(6):477-479.
PubMed: 32863644
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23448 -
Evidence-based Complementary and... 2022Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection causes condyloma acuminata (CA). Podophyllin is the standard treatment. (), a medicinal plant, has potent anti-inflammatory and...
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection causes condyloma acuminata (CA). Podophyllin is the standard treatment. (), a medicinal plant, has potent anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects. cream is widely used in Thailand to treat the herpes simplex virus. We proposed that might also induce CA clearance. There are no studies of treatment of CA. This randomized controlled trial at Siriraj Hospital, Thailand, was conducted between January 2018 and December 2019. CA samples were obtained from 10 men with at least two CAs 1 centimeter apart. Each wart was randomized to a 4-week treatment with either or podophyllin. The participants were 24 to 72 years old. Most HPV types were low-risk HPVs (HPV 11, HPV 6). Median CA clearance with podophyllin was a 97% CA clearance with podophyllin and 82% with . may be an alternative treatment for CA.
PubMed: 35783521
DOI: 10.1155/2022/1577716 -
Evidence-based Complementary and... 2021Lindua (), a strong antiviral traditional medicine, can be used to treat condyloma acuminata (CA) caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). However, its molecular...
Lindua (), a strong antiviral traditional medicine, can be used to treat condyloma acuminata (CA) caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). However, its molecular mechanism for CA elimination is unknown. Herein, we conducted a randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness of and its molecular mechanism compared with podophyllin, the gold standard treatment. Using a randomized block design, six patients were treated with and podophyllin for four weeks. Efficacy of drugs was assessed by size reduction of the warts and HPV viral load quantification using droplet digital PCR. The gene expression profiling of CA was analyzed using NanoString Technology. After the podophyllin and treatments, CA lesion sizes were reduced to 97.0% and 84.4% clearance, and the HPV viral loads were reduced by 74.0% and 46.6%, respectively. The gene expression pattern of immune profiling showed that 23 genes (i.e., , and ) were significantly differentially expressed by podophyllin, whereas 2 genes ( and ) were remarkably expressed by In inflammatory profiling, 108 genes (i.e., , , and ) were highly expressed by podophyllin, but none of genes were observed to change expression by These results suggested that podophyllin may reduce the HPV infection through a mechanism related to proinflammatory response. In addition, was found to suppress the HPV infection through mechanism related to the activation of immune response. This study shows novel therapeutic mechanisms of podophyllin and . It is suggested that might be used as an alternative treatment for CA treatment.
PubMed: 34567214
DOI: 10.1155/2021/5579520 -
Investigative and Clinical Urology Jan 2023The purpose of this study is to investigate disease trend of genital wart through changes in each treatment method over the past 10 years in Korea.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to investigate disease trend of genital wart through changes in each treatment method over the past 10 years in Korea.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From 2010 to 2019, surgical treatment including cauterization, excision, cryotherapy, and laser therapy, non-surgical treatment such as podophyllin, and surgical treatment for anorectal lesion were extracted and analyzed from 2010 to 2019. For each treatment method, characteristics such as sex, age, region, medical cost and average number of procedures were analyzed.
RESULTS
The number of patients following all treatment modalities increased every year. Surgical treatment of genital wart and anorectal wart showed a significant increase in male patients. Number of non-surgical treatment decreased in males but increased in females. Surgical removal of the anorectal wart increased more than 250% in over 10 years, and males underwent surgery 4 times more than females. In both surgery and non-surgery, the mean session was higher in males. Most of them were carried out in primary medical institutions. In Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, the largest number of patients received treatment regardless of treatment method.
CONCLUSIONS
Treatment for genital warts has increased rapidly over the past 10 years, and the increase in males is remarkable. The main treatment was surgery, and males mainly received surgical treatment, and females mainly received drug treatment. The primary medical institution was in charge of the most treatment. As the number of patients and related medical expenses are increasing rapidly, more attention and response to diseases are needed.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Condylomata Acuminata; Warts; Podophyllin; Delivery of Health Care; Republic of Korea
PubMed: 36629066
DOI: 10.4111/icu.20220318 -
Dermatologic Therapy Nov 2019Patients often request treatment of their burdensome cutaneous warts. However, a safe and effective treatment for cutaneous warts is lacking. This study evaluates...
Patients often request treatment of their burdensome cutaneous warts. However, a safe and effective treatment for cutaneous warts is lacking. This study evaluates treatment outcome, side effects, and patient satisfaction after topical application of cantharidin 1% podophyllin 2% salicylic acid 30% (CPS1) solution in a large series of children and adults with cutaneous warts. Fifty-two children and 83 adults with warts, treated with CPS1 solution between October 2012 and October 2014, were included. Complete clearance of warts occurred in 86.5% of children and 62.7% of adults treated with CPS1 solution (p < .01). Resolution of warts was partial in 3.9 and 24.1% and absent in 9.6 and 13.2% of children and adults respectively. Side effects were present in 41.2% of children and 46.3% of adults (p = .7). Most common side effects were blistering, pain, and burning sensation. No serious adverse events occurred. On a 10-point scale, median patient satisfaction score was 9.0 (interquartile range 7.8-10.0) and 8.0 (interquartile range 5.1-9.7) for children and adults respectively (p < .01). CPS1 solution is a safe and promising treatment modality with a high clearance and high patient satisfaction rate for the management of cutaneous warts, particularly in children.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adult; Age Factors; Cantharidin; Child; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Keratolytic Agents; Male; Patient Satisfaction; Podophyllin; Retrospective Studies; Salicylic Acid; Treatment Outcome; Warts
PubMed: 31664756
DOI: 10.1111/dth.13143 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,...
Topics: Humans; Irritants; Podophyllin; Dermatology; Dermatitis, Irritant; Iatrogenic Disease
PubMed: 37317734
DOI: 10.25259/IJDVL_72_2023 -
Journal of Medical Case Reports Apr 2023Topical anesthetics are commonly used over the counter, and one of the adverse effects of these medications is methemoglobinemia, which is a serious and life-threatening...
BACKGROUND
Topical anesthetics are commonly used over the counter, and one of the adverse effects of these medications is methemoglobinemia, which is a serious and life-threatening condition.
CASE PRESENTATION
We describe a 25-year-old Persian male presenting with generalized weakness, dizziness, headache, and cyanosis. In addition, he had genital warts starting 3 weeks ago, which were self-treated with podophyllin, resulting in itching and pain. He used over-the-counter topical anesthetics, including benzocaine and lidocaine, to reduce the symptoms. According to the lab data, signs and symptoms of methemoglobinemia and hemolysis were diagnosed. Considering the hemolysis, ascorbic acid was used for treatment. The patient was discharged after 5 days with normal arterial blood gas and pulse oximetry and no signs and symptoms.
CONCLUSION
This case highlights that self-administration of some topical anesthetics may lead to potentially fatal conditions.
Topics: Male; Humans; Adult; Benzocaine; Methemoglobinemia; Anesthetics, Local; Lidocaine; Hemolysis; Methylene Blue
PubMed: 37076913
DOI: 10.1186/s13256-023-03898-x -
Jos Journal of Medicine 2022Condyloma acuminata is an extremely common cutaneous sexually transmitted disease often diagnosed clinically, on the basis of its warty, cauliflower, and verrucous...
BACKGROUND
Condyloma acuminata is an extremely common cutaneous sexually transmitted disease often diagnosed clinically, on the basis of its warty, cauliflower, and verrucous appearance. It is caused by the "low risk" Human papillomavirus types 6 and 11 in 90 percent of cases. The immune system plays a critical role in determining the course of viral infection, with immune-suppression and advanced age increasing the risk for long term wart persistence. Treatment options include the use of a wide variety of topical medications as well as surgical excision by cauterisation.
PATIENT
A rare case of florid vulvar warts in a 21-year old nulliparous immuno-competent woman is presented and the literature reviewed. She had a 7-month history of progressive vulva swelling with associated itching, contact bleeding, and malodorous discharge. It measured about 14 × 10 cm in dimensions, occupying the posterior two-thirds of the labia majora and minora and obliterating the posterior commissure.
INTERVENTION
There was no positive response to Podophyllin application, however, it was eventually excised and histologic analysis excluded malignancy.
CONCLUSION
Florid vulvar warts though rare in immune-competent patients, could occur. Patients with persistent and recurrent infection often require surgical procedures as was performed in our patient with the possibility of speedy recovery and restoration of normal anatomy and cosmesis.
PubMed: 38155766
DOI: No ID Found