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Surgical Endoscopy Sep 2020Transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) is a novel approach to surgery for rectal cancer. The technique has gained significant popularity in the surgical community...
INTRODUCTION
Transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) is a novel approach to surgery for rectal cancer. The technique has gained significant popularity in the surgical community due to the promising ability to overcome technical difficulties related to the access of the distal pelvis. Recently, Norwegian surgeons issued a local moratorium related to potential issues with the safety of the procedure. Early adopters of taTME in Canada have recognized the need to create guidelines for its adoption and supervision. The objective of the statement is to provide expert opinion based on the best available evidence and authors' experience.
METHODS
The procedure has been performed in Canada since 2014 at different institutions. In 2016, the first Canadian taTME congress was held in the city of Toronto, organized by two of the authors. In early 2019, a multicentric collaborative was established [The Canadian taTME expert Collaboration] which aimed at ensuring safe performance and adoption of taTME in Canada. Recently surgeons from 8 major Canadian rectal cancer centers met in the city of Toronto on December 7 of 2019, to discuss and develop a position statement. There in person, meeting was followed by 4 rounds of Delphi methodology.
RESULTS
The generated document focused on the need to ensure a unified approach among rectal cancer surgeons across the country considering its technical complexity and potential morbidity. The position statement addressed four domains: surgical setting, surgeons' requirements, patient selection, and quality assurance.
CONCLUSIONS
Authors agree transanal total mesorectal excision is technically demanding and has a significant risk for morbidity. As of now, there is uncertainty for some of the outcomes. We consider it is possible to safely adopt this operation and obtain adequate results, however for this purpose it is necessary to meet specific requirements in different domains.
Topics: Canada; Consensus; Humans; Laparoscopy; Proctectomy; Rectal Neoplasms; Rectum; Surgeons; Transanal Endoscopic Surgery
PubMed: 32504263
DOI: 10.1007/s00464-020-07680-8 -
BMC Gastroenterology Dec 2019Little is known about the natural history of serrated polyps (SPs), partly due to the lack of large-scale epidemiologic data. In this study, we examined the validity of...
BACKGROUND
Little is known about the natural history of serrated polyps (SPs), partly due to the lack of large-scale epidemiologic data. In this study, we examined the validity of SP identification according to SNOMED (Systematised Nomenclature of Medicine) codes and free text from colorectal histopathology reports.
METHODS
Through the ESPRESSO (Epidemiology Strengthened by histoPathology Reports in Sweden) study, we retrieved data on SPs from all pathology departments in Sweden in 2015-2017 by using SNOMED codes and free-text search in colorectal histopathology reports. Randomly selected individuals with a histopathology report of SPs were validated against patient charts using a structured, retrospective review.
RESULTS
SPs were confirmed in 101/106 individuals with a histopathology report of SPs, yielding a positive predictive value (PPV) of 95% (95%CI = 89-98%). By year of diagnosis, the PPV was 89% (95%CI = 69-97%), 96% (95%CI = 81-99%) and 97% (95%CI = 89-99%) for individuals diagnosed before 2001 (n = 19), between 2001 and 2010 (n = 26) and after 2010 (n = 61), respectively. According to search method, the PPV for individuals identified by SNOMED codes was 100% (95%CI = 93-100%), and 93% (95%CI = 86-97%) using free-text search. Recorded location (colon vs. rectum) was correct in 94% of all SP histopathology reports (95%CI = 84-98%) identified by SNOMED codes. Individuals with SPs were classified into hyperplastic polyps (n = 34; 32%), traditional serrated adenomas (n = 3; 3%), sessile serrated adenomas/polyps (SSA/Ps) (n = 70; 66%), unspecified SPs (n = 3, 3%), and false positive SPs (n = 5, 5%). For individuals identified by SNOMED codes, SSA/Ps were confirmed in 49/52 individuals, resulting in a PPV of 94% (95%CI: 84-98%). In total, 57% had ≥2 polyps (1: n = 44, 2-3: n = 33 and ≥ 4: n = 27). Some 46% of SPs (n = 71) originated from the proximal colon and 24% were ≥ 10 mm in size (n = 37). Heredity for colorectal cancer, intestinal polyposis syndromes, or both was reported in seven individuals (7%). Common comorbidities included diverticulosis (n = 45, 42%), colorectal cancer (n = 19, 18%), and inflammatory bowel disease (n = 10, 9%).
CONCLUSION
Colorectal histopathology reports are a reliable data source to identify individuals with SPs.
Topics: Adenoma; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Clinical Coding; Colonic Polyps; Colonoscopy; Confidence Intervals; Female; Humans; Hyperplasia; Intestinal Polyps; Male; Middle Aged; Pathology, Clinical; Proctoscopy; Rectal Diseases; Registries; Retrospective Studies; Sample Size; Sweden; Time Factors
PubMed: 31892305
DOI: 10.1186/s12876-019-1134-6 -
Surgical Endoscopy Jan 2022Treatment of early rectal cancer is evolving towards organ-preserving therapy which includes endoscopic resection and transanal approaches. We aimed to explore the role...
BACKGROUND
Treatment of early rectal cancer is evolving towards organ-preserving therapy which includes endoscopic resection and transanal approaches. We aimed to explore the role of local treatments such as endoscopic polypectomy (Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (EMR) or Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD)) and transanal endoscopic microsurgery/ transanal minimal invasive surgery (TEM/TAMIS) in patients who had early rectal cancer. We considered these outcomes alongside conventional major surgery using total mesorectal excision (TME) for early stage disease.
METHODS
All patients identified at MDT with early stage rectal cancer at our institution between 2010 and 2019 were included. Long-term outcomes in terms of local recurrence, survival and procedure-specific morbidity were analysed.
RESULTS
In total, 536 patients with rectal cancer were identified, of which 112 were included based on their pre-operative identification at the MDT on the basis that they had node-negative early rectal cancer. Among these, 30 patients (27%) had the lesion excised by flexible endoscopic polypectomy techniques (EMR/ESD), 67 (60%) underwent TEM/TAMIS and 15 (13%) had major surgery. There were no differences in patient demographics between the three groups except for TEM/TAMIS patients being more likely to be referred from another hospital (p < 0.001) and they were less active (WHO performance status p = 0.04). There were no significant differences in overall survival rates and cancer-specific survival between the three treatment groups. The 5-year overall survival rate for endoscopic polypectomy, TEM/TAMIS or major resection was 96% versus 90% and 88%, respectively (p = 0.89). The 5- year cancer-specific survival rate was 96%, versus 96% and 100%, respectively (p = 0.74).
CONCLUSION
Endoscopic polypectomy by EMR/ESD is an appropriate local treatment for early stage rectal cancer in selected patients. It is possible to achieve good oncological outcomes with a polypectomy similar to TEM/TAMIS and major surgery; however, a multidisciplinary approach is necessary enabling close surveillance and the use of adjuvant radiotherapy.
Topics: Endoscopic Mucosal Resection; Humans; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Rectal Neoplasms; Rectum; Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33544250
DOI: 10.1007/s00464-021-08308-1 -
Zentralblatt Fur Chirurgie Aug 2019Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) is an innovative and technically demanding surgical approach for the treatment of rectal cancer. This review summarises the... (Review)
Review
Transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) is an innovative and technically demanding surgical approach for the treatment of rectal cancer. This review summarises the international consensus statements on prerequisites and training requirements for safe implementation of this complex procedure. Recommendations will be discussed on the basis of the published surveys from dedicated training centres. Furthermore, experience is shared on mentored TaTME cadaveric courses (video) and an initial clinical series of 102 TaTMEs. The procedure should be performed primarily by postgraduate colorectal surgeons. Initially, a structured training program at designated training centers is mandatory. Cadaver training and proctoring are the central elements required to ensure safe implementation of TaTME in clinical practice. However, validation of TaTME training concepts needs further work. Evaluation of the first pioneering series indicates a learning phase with at least 40 operations. Above the cut-off, lower complication rates and acceptable quality of specimen are achieved. In our series, morbidity decreased significantly (Clavien-Dindo ≥ III: 29 vs. 9%). With the indication for TaTME, we find a median of 6 risk factors (4 - 8) for an unfavourable outcome after abdominal TME alone. Only high volume centres with a concentration of appropriately selected patients could aim for a proposed TaTME frequency of 20 per year. Structured training programs for TaTME are justified and must be completed before implementation in clinical practice. The case volume effect for the learning curve and individual patient selection are crucial and support the concentration of the new method in high volume centres.
Topics: Cadaver; Humans; Learning Curve; Rectal Neoplasms; Rectum; Transanal Endoscopic Surgery
PubMed: 31412418
DOI: 10.1055/a-0956-7065 -
Surgical Endoscopy May 2023In the advancement of transanal local excision, robot-assisted transanal minimal invasive surgery is the newest development. In the confined area of the rectum,... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
In the advancement of transanal local excision, robot-assisted transanal minimal invasive surgery is the newest development. In the confined area of the rectum, robot-assisted surgery should, theoretically, be superior due to articulated utensils, video enhancement, and tremor reduction, however, this has not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to review the evidence reported to-date on experience of using robot-assisted transanal minimal invasive surgery for treatment of rectal neoplasms.
METHODS
A comprehensive literature search of Embase and PubMed from May to August 2021were performed. Studies including patients diagnosed with rectal neoplasia or benign polyps who underwent robot-assisted transanal minimal invasive surgery were included. All studies were assessed for risk of bias through assessment tools. Main outcome measures were feasibility, excision quality, and complications.
RESULTS
Twenty-five studies with a total of 322 local excisions were included. The studies included were all retrospective, primarily case-reports, -series, and cohort studies. The median distance from the anal verge ranged from 3.5 to 10 cm and the median size was between 2.5 and 5.3 cm. Overall, 4.6% of the resections had a positive resection margin. The overall complication rate was at 9.5% with severe complications (Clavien-Dindo score III) at 0.9%.
CONCLUSION
Based on limited, retrospective data, with a high risk of bias, robot-assisted transanal minimal invasive surgery seems feasible and safe for local excisions in the rectum.
Topics: Humans; Robotics; Retrospective Studies; Feasibility Studies; Rectum; Rectal Neoplasms; Anal Canal; Transanal Endoscopic Surgery; Margins of Excision; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 36707419
DOI: 10.1007/s00464-022-09853-z -
Surgical Oncology Aug 2022At inception, transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) was hypothesized to be a solution for several problems encountered in pelvic surgery, particularly for distal...
At inception, transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) was hypothesized to be a solution for several problems encountered in pelvic surgery, particularly for distal rectal cancer. The transanal part of the procedure is less hampered by patient related factors such as visceral obesity and a narrow bony pelvis and can thus overcome access and visualization problems encountered with a pure abdominal approach. Clearly, as for any new technique, a learning curve needs to be negotiated, ideally without unacceptable harm to patients. In experienced hands, TaTME might overcome challenges found in anatomically challenging rectal cancer patients as well as for other indications. The role of TaTME is not to replace, but rather complement its abdominal counterpart.
Topics: Humans; Laparoscopy; Proctectomy; Rectal Neoplasms; Rectum; Transanal Endoscopic Surgery
PubMed: 34924223
DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2021.101695 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Aug 2020Rectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Surgical resection for rectal cancer usually requires a proctectomy with respective lymphadenectomy... (Review)
Review
Rectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Surgical resection for rectal cancer usually requires a proctectomy with respective lymphadenectomy (total mesorectal excision). This has traditionally been performed transabdominally through an open incision. Over the last thirty years, minimally invasive surgery platforms have rapidly evolved with the goal to accomplish the same quality rectal resection through a less invasive approach. There are currently three resective modalities that complement the traditional open operation: (1) Laparoscopic surgery; (2) Robotic surgery; and (3) Transanal total mesorectal excision. In addition, there are several platforms to carry out transluminal local excisions (without lymphadenectomy). Evidence on the various modalities is of mixed to moderate quality. It is unreasonable to expect a randomized comparison of all options in a single trial. This review aims at reviewing in detail the various techniques in regard to intra-/perioperative benchmarks, recovery and complications, oncological and functional outcomes.
Topics: Digestive System Surgical Procedures; Humans; Laparoscopy; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Proctectomy; Rectal Neoplasms; Robotic Surgical Procedures; Transanal Endoscopic Surgery
PubMed: 32874053
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i30.4394 -
Medical Archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and... Jun 2020The e physical anatomical characteristics of Vietnamese people are similar to those of other East Asian populations, with a deep and narrow pelvis but an average body...
INTRODUCTION
The e physical anatomical characteristics of Vietnamese people are similar to those of other East Asian populations, with a deep and narrow pelvis but an average body mass index (BMI) among patients at the advanced stage of rectal cancer.
AIM
This study aimed to prospectively evaluate the short-term outcomes of transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) for rectal cancer treatment in a Vietnamese population.
METHODS
A total of 64 patients who underwent TaTME were included in this study. The pelvic anatomical parameters, BMI, operative morbidities, macroscopic qualities of the mesorectal specimens, circumferential resection margins, and anal sphincter functional data were collected. The method popularized by Quirke and Kirwan's classification were used to assess to quality of the mesorectal specimens and the sphincter function, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0.
RESULTS
The mean age and BMI of the patients were 66.4 years and 20.5 kg/m2, respectively. Most patients had narrow pelvises, with mean transverse pelvic outlet diameters of 10.12 ±1.85 cm, for males, and 10.43 ± 1.32 cm, for females, and pelvic depths of 12.36 ±2.03 cm, for males, and 11.73 ±1.12 cm, for females. The mean tumor size was 5.17 ±1.62 cm. Among the mesorectal specimens, 82.8% were complete and 14.1% were nearly complete. Disease-free survival and overall survival rates were 98.2% and 100%, respectively. Sphincter functions at 12 months post-operation were rated as 30.8% Kirwan I, 42.3% Kirwan II, and 26.9% Kirwan III.
CONCLUSION
TaTME surgery represents a safe and suitable option among Vietnamese patients with narrow and deep pelvises and advanced rectal tumors in the middle third and lower third of the rectum.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anal Canal; Asian People; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Humans; Laparoscopy; Male; Middle Aged; Pelvis; Postoperative Period; Prospective Studies; Rectal Neoplasms; Survival Rate; Transanal Endoscopic Surgery; Tumor Burden; Vietnam
PubMed: 32801439
DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2020.74.216-223 -
BMC Surgery Mar 2022Robotic transanal minimally invasive surgery (R-TAMIS) is an appealing alternative to transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) and transanal endoscopic microsurgery...
BACKGROUND
Robotic transanal minimally invasive surgery (R-TAMIS) is an appealing alternative to transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) and transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) for benign and early malignant rectal lesions that are not amenable to traditional open transanal excision. However, no studies to our knowledge have directly compared the three techniques. This study sought to compare peri-operative and pathologic outcomes of the three approaches.
METHODS
The records of 29 consecutive patients who underwent TEM, TAMIS, or R-TAMIS at a single academic center between 2016 and 2020 were reviewed. Intra-operative details, pathological diagnosis and margins, and post-operative outcomes were recorded. The three groups were compared using chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests.
RESULTS
Overall, 16/29 patients were women and the median age was 57 (interquartile range (IQR): 28-81). Thirteen patients underwent TEM, six had TAMIS, and 10 had R-TAMIS. BMI was lower in the R-TAMIS patients (24.7; IQR 23.8-28.7), than in TEM (29.3; IQR 19.9-30.2), and TAMIS (30.4; IQR 26.6-32.9) patients. High grade dysplasia and/or invasive cancer was more common in TAMIS (80%) and R-TAMIS (66.7%) patients than in TEM patients (41.7%). The three groups did not differ significantly in tumor type or distance from the anal verge. No R-TAMIS patients had a positive surgical margin compared to 23.1% in the TEM group and 16.7% in the TAMIS group. Length of stay (median 1 day for TEM and R-TAMIS patients, 0 days for TAMIS patients) and 30-day readmission rates (7.7% of TEM, 0% of TAMIS, 10% of R-TAMIS patients) also did not differ among the groups. Median operative time was 110 min for TEM, 105 min for TAMIS, and 76 min for R-TAMIS patients.
CONCLUSIONS
R-TAMIS may have several advantages over other advanced techniques for transanal excisions. R-TAMIS tended to be faster and to more often result in negative surgical margins compared to the two other techniques.
Topics: Anal Canal; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Operative Time; Rectal Neoplasms; Rectum; Transanal Endoscopic Surgery
PubMed: 35346146
DOI: 10.1186/s12893-022-01543-w -
International Journal of Molecular... Oct 2023Locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) presents a challenge in identifying molecular markers linked to the response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). This study...
Data-Independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry Analysis of FFPE Rectal Cancer Samples Offers In-Depth Proteomics Characterization of the Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy.
Locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) presents a challenge in identifying molecular markers linked to the response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). This study aimed to utilize a sensitive proteomic method, data-independent mass spectrometry (DIA-MS), to extensively analyze the LARC proteome, seeking individuals with favorable initial responses suitable for a watch-and-wait approach. This research addresses the unmet need to understand the response to treatment, potentially guiding personalized strategies for LARC patients. Post-treatment assessment included MRI scans and proctoscopy. This research involved 97 LARC patients treated with intense chemoradiotherapy, comprising radiation and chemotherapy. Out of 97 LARC included in this study, we selected 20 samples with the most different responses to nCRT for proteome profiling (responders vs. non-responders). This proteomic approach shows extensive proteome coverage in LARC samples. The analysis identified a significant number of proteins compared to a prior study. A total of 915 proteins exhibited differential expression between the two groups, with certain signaling pathways associated with response mechanisms, while top candidates had good predictive potential. Proteins encoded by genes , , , , , and showed high predictive potential of unfavorable treatment outcome, while , , , , , , , , , and were good predictive biomarkers of favorable treatment outcome. The identified proteins and related biological processes provide promising insights that could enhance the management and care of LARC patients.
Topics: Humans; Neoadjuvant Therapy; Proteome; Proteomics; Rectal Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome; Chemoradiotherapy; Biomarkers; RNA-Binding Proteins; Nuclear Proteins
PubMed: 37895091
DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015412