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World Journal of Microbiology &... Nov 2019Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common, Gram-negative environmental organism. It can be a significant pathogenic factor of severe infections in humans, especially... (Review)
Review
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common, Gram-negative environmental organism. It can be a significant pathogenic factor of severe infections in humans, especially in cystic fibrosis patients. Due to its natural resistance to antibiotics and the ability to form biofilms, infection with this pathogen can cause severe therapeutic problems. In recent years, metabolomic studies of P. aeruginosa have been performed. Therefore, in this review, we discussed recent achievements in the use of metabolomics methods in bacterial identification, differentiation, the interconnection between genome and metabolome, the influence of external factors on the bacterial metabolome and identification of new metabolites produced by P. aeruginosa. All of these studies may provide valuable information about metabolic pathways leading to an understanding of the adaptations of bacterial strains to a host environment, which can lead to new drug development and/or elaboration of new treatment and diagnostics strategies for Pseudomonas.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Genome, Bacterial; Host Microbial Interactions; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Metabolome; Metabolomics; Pseudomonas aeruginosa
PubMed: 31701321
DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2739-1 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2021is a dominant pathogen in people with cystic fibrosis (CF) contributing to morbidity and mortality. Its tremendous ability to adapt greatly facilitates its capacity to... (Review)
Review
is a dominant pathogen in people with cystic fibrosis (CF) contributing to morbidity and mortality. Its tremendous ability to adapt greatly facilitates its capacity to cause chronic infections. The adaptability and flexibility of the pathogen are afforded by the extensive number of virulence factors it has at its disposal, providing with the facility to tailor its response against the different stressors in the environment. A deep understanding of these virulence mechanisms is crucial for the design of therapeutic strategies and vaccines against this multi-resistant pathogen. Therefore, this review describes the main virulence factors of and the adaptations it undergoes to persist in hostile environments such as the CF respiratory tract. The very large genome (5 to 7 MB) contributes considerably to its adaptive capacity; consequently, genomic studies have provided significant insights into elucidating evolution and its interactions with the host throughout the course of infection.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Biofilms; Humans; Lung; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Quorum Sensing; Virulence Factors
PubMed: 33803907
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063128 -
Annals of Clinical Microbiology and... Sep 2020Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important bacterial pathogens that causes infection with a high mortality rate due to resistance to... (Review)
Review
Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important bacterial pathogens that causes infection with a high mortality rate due to resistance to different antibiotics. This bacterium prompts extensive tissue damage with varying factors of virulence, and its biofilm production causes chronic and antibiotic-resistant infections. Therefore, due to the non-applicability of antibiotics for the destruction of P. aeruginosa biofilm, alternative approaches have been considered by researchers, and phage therapy is one of these new therapeutic solutions. Bacteriophages can be used to eradicate P. aeruginosa biofilm by destroying the extracellular matrix, increasing the permeability of antibiotics into the inner layer of biofilm, and inhibiting its formation by stopping the quorum-sensing activity. Furthermore, the combined use of bacteriophages and other compounds with anti-biofilm properties such as nanoparticles, enzymes, and natural products can be of more interest because they invade the biofilm by various mechanisms and can be more effective than the one used alone. On the other hand, the use of bacteriophages for biofilm destruction has some limitations such as limited host range, high-density biofilm, sub-populate phage resistance in biofilm, and inhibition of phage infection via quorum sensing in biofilm. Therefore, in this review, we specifically discuss the use of phage therapy for inhibition of P. aeruginosa biofilm in clinical and in vitro studies to identify different aspects of this treatment for broader use.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteriophages; Biofilms; Combined Modality Therapy; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Humans; Phage Therapy; Pseudomonas aeruginosa
PubMed: 32998720
DOI: 10.1186/s12941-020-00389-5 -
Microbiology (Reading, England) Jan 2020is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen and a model bacterium for studying virulence and bacterial social traits. While it can be isolated in low numbers from a wide...
is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen and a model bacterium for studying virulence and bacterial social traits. While it can be isolated in low numbers from a wide variety of environments including soil and water, it can readily be found in almost any human/animal-impacted environment. It is a major cause of illness and death in humans with immunosuppressive and chronic conditions, and infections in these patients are difficult to treat due to a number of antibiotic resistance mechanisms and the organism's propensity to form multicellular biofilms.
Topics: Animals; Biofilms; Biological Evolution; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Genome, Bacterial; Humans; Phylogeny; Pseudomonas Infections; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Virulence
PubMed: 31597590
DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000860 -
International Journal of Molecular... Nov 2021In recent years, the effectiveness of antimicrobials in the treatment of infections has gradually decreased. This pathogen can be observed in several clinical cases,... (Review)
Review
In recent years, the effectiveness of antimicrobials in the treatment of infections has gradually decreased. This pathogen can be observed in several clinical cases, such as pneumonia, urinary tract infections, sepsis, in immunocompromised hosts, such as neutropenic cancer, burns, and AIDS patients. Furthermore, causes diseases in both livestock and pets. The highly flexible and versatile genome of allows it to have a high rate of pathogenicity. The numerous secreted virulence factors, resulting from its numerous secretion systems, the multi-resistance to different classes of antibiotics, and the ability to produce biofilms are pathogenicity factors that cause numerous problems in the fight against infections and that must be better understood for an effective treatment. Infections by represent, therefore, a major health problem and, as resistance genes can be disseminated between the microbiotas associated with humans, animals, and the environment, this issue needs be addressed on the basis of an One Health approach. This review intends to bring together and describe in detail the molecular and metabolic pathways in 's pathogenesis, to contribute for the development of a more targeted therapy against this pathogen.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Genomics; Humans; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Pseudomonas Infections; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Virulence Factors
PubMed: 34884697
DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312892 -
European Respiratory Review : An... Sep 2019Bronchiectasis is increasing in prevalence worldwide, yet current treatments available are limited to those alleviating symptoms and reducing exacerbations. The... (Review)
Review
Bronchiectasis is increasing in prevalence worldwide, yet current treatments available are limited to those alleviating symptoms and reducing exacerbations. The pathogenesis of the disease and the inflammatory, infective and molecular drivers of disease progression are not fully understood, making the development of novel treatments challenging. Understanding the role bacteria play in disease progression has been enhanced by the use of next-generation sequencing techniques such as 16S rRNA sequencing. The microbiome has not been extensively studied in bronchiectasis, but existing data show lung bacterial communities dominated by , and , while exhibiting intraindividual stability and large interindividual variability. and -dominated microbiomes have been shown to be linked to severe disease and frequent exacerbations. Studies completed to date are limited in size and do not fully represent all clinically observed disease subtypes. Further research is required to understand the microbiomes role in bronchiectasis disease progression. This review discusses recent developments and future perspectives on the lung microbiome in bronchiectasis.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchiectasis; Disease Progression; Haemophilus; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Lung; Microbiota; Pseudomonas; Risk Factors; Streptococcus
PubMed: 31484665
DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0048-2019 -
Biometals : An International Journal on... Aug 2023In the genus Pseudomonas, zinc homeostasis is mediated by a complete set of import and export systems, whose expression is precisely controlled by three transcriptional... (Review)
Review
In the genus Pseudomonas, zinc homeostasis is mediated by a complete set of import and export systems, whose expression is precisely controlled by three transcriptional regulators: Zur, CzcR and CadR. In this review, we describe in detail our current knowledge of these systems, their regulation, and the biological significance of zinc homeostasis, taking Pseudomonas aeruginosa as our paradigm. Moreover, significant parts of this overview are dedicated to highlight interactions and cross-regulations between zinc and copper import/export systems, and to shed light, through a review of the literature and comparative genomics, on differences in gene complement and function across the whole Pseudomonas genus. The impact and importance of zinc homeostasis in Pseudomonas and beyond will be discussed throughout this review.
Topics: Pseudomonas; Zinc; Homeostasis; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Copper; Bacterial Proteins; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
PubMed: 36472780
DOI: 10.1007/s10534-022-00475-5 -
Microbiology (Reading, England) Feb 2020
Topics: Dictyostelium; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Microbiology; Pseudomonas; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 32122459
DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000901 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2022lipopeptides (Ps-LPs) play crucial roles in bacterial physiology, host-microbe interactions and plant disease control. Beneficial LP producers have mainly been isolated... (Review)
Review
lipopeptides (Ps-LPs) play crucial roles in bacterial physiology, host-microbe interactions and plant disease control. Beneficial LP producers have mainly been isolated from the rhizosphere, phyllosphere and from bulk soils. Despite their wide geographic distribution and host range, emerging evidence suggests that LP-producing pseudomonads and their corresponding molecules display tight specificity and follow a phylogenetic distribution. About a decade ago, biocontrol LPs were mainly reported from the group, but this has drastically advanced due to increased LP diversity research. On the one hand, the presence of a close-knit relationship between taxonomy and the molecule produced may provide a startup toolbox for the delineation of unknown LPs into existing (or novel) LP groups. Furthermore, a taxonomy-molecule match may facilitate decisions regarding antimicrobial activity profiling and subsequent agricultural relevance of such LPs. In this review, we highlight and discuss the production of beneficial Ps-LPs by strains situated within unique taxonomic groups and the lineage-specificity and coevolution of this relationship. We also chronicle the antimicrobial activity demonstrated by these biomolecules in limited plant systems compared with multiple in vitro assays. Our review further stresses the need to systematically elucidate the roles of diverse Ps-LP groups in direct plant-pathogen interactions and in the enhancement of plant innate immunity.
Topics: Pseudomonas
PubMed: 35056688
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020372 -
Revista Chilena de Infectologia :... Aug 2020
Topics: Pseudomonas stutzeri
PubMed: 33399664
DOI: 10.4067/S0716-10182020000400443