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Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2022The gut microbiota is associated with reproductive disorders in multiple ways. This research investigated possible differences in gut microbiome compositions between...
The gut microbiota is associated with reproductive disorders in multiple ways. This research investigated possible differences in gut microbiome compositions between patients with uterine fibroids (UFs) and healthy control subjects in order to further provide new insight into its etiology. Stool samples were collected from 85 participants, including 42 UF patients (case group) and 43 control subjects (control group). The gut microbiota was examined with 16S rRNA quantitative arrays and bioinformatics analysis. The α-diversity in patients with UFs was significantly lower than that of healthy controls and negatively correlated with the number of tumorigeneses. The microbial composition of the UF patients deviated from the cluster of healthy controls. Stool samples from patients with UFs exhibited significant alterations in terms of multiple bacterial phyla, such as Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia. In differential abundance analysis, some bacteria species were shown to be downregulated (.., , , and ) and upregulated (.., and ). Furthermore, the microbial interactions and networks in UFs exhibited lower connectivity and complexity as well as higher clustering property compared to the controls. Taken together, it is possible that gut microbiota dysbiosis has the potential as a risk factor. This study found that UFs are associated with alterations of the gut microbiome diversity and community network connectivity. It provides a new direction to further explore the host-gut microbiota interplay and to develop management and prevention in UF pathogenesis.
Topics: Dysbiosis; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Leiomyoma; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Verrucomicrobia
PubMed: 35646718
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.863594 -
BMC Microbiology May 2022Pseudomonas stutzeri S116 is a sulfur-oxidizing bacteria isolated from marine sludge. It exhibited excellent electricity generation as bioanode and biocathode applied in...
BACKGROUND
Pseudomonas stutzeri S116 is a sulfur-oxidizing bacteria isolated from marine sludge. It exhibited excellent electricity generation as bioanode and biocathode applied in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Complete genome sequencing of P. stutzeri and cyclic voltammetry method were performed to reveal its mechanism in microbial fuel cells system.
RESULTS
This study indicated that the MFCs generated a maximum output voltage of 254.2 mV and 226.0 mV, and maximum power density of 765 mW/m and 656.6 mW/m respectively. Complete genome sequencing of P. stutzeri S116 was performed to indicate that most function genes showed high similarities with P. stutzeri, and its primary annotations were associated with energy production and conversion (6.84%), amino acid transport and metabolism (6.82%) and inorganic ion transport and metabolism (6.77%). Homology of 36 genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation was detected, which suggests the strain S116 possesses an integrated electron transport chain. Additionally, many genes encoding pilus-assembly proteins and redox mediators (riboflavin and phenazine) were detected in the databases. Thiosulfate oxidization and dissimilatory nitrate reduction were annotated in the sulfur metabolism pathway and nitrogen metabolism pathway, respectively. Gene function analysis and cyclic voltammetry indicated that P. stutzeri probably possesses cellular machinery such as cytochrome c and redox mediators and can perform extracellular electron transfer and produce electricity in MFCs.
CONCLUSION
The redox mediators secreted by P. stutzeri S116 were probably responsible for performance of MFCs. The critical genes and metabolic pathways involved in thiosulfate oxide and nitrate reduction were detected, which indicated that the strain can treat wastewater containing sulfide and nitrite efficiently.
Topics: Bioelectric Energy Sources; Catalysis; Electricity; Electrodes; Nitrates; Pseudomonas stutzeri; Sulfur; Thiosulfates
PubMed: 35590268
DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02552-8 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Jun 2022To report clinical features, antibiotic susceptibility profile, management, and outcomes of a cluster outbreak of post-cataract surgery Pseudomonas stutzeri...
PURPOSE
To report clinical features, antibiotic susceptibility profile, management, and outcomes of a cluster outbreak of post-cataract surgery Pseudomonas stutzeri endophthalmitis.
METHODS
This was a hospital-based case series in which 14 patients with acute postoperative endophthalmitis who underwent cataract surgery on the same day were included. Based on severity of presentation, they either underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with intraocular antibiotics (IOAB) or vitreous tap with IOAB. Vitreous aspirates and environmental surveillance samples were inoculated on culture media and further processed by MALDI-TOF MS for identification and Vitek3 for susceptibility profile.
RESULTS
There were 8 females and 6 males with a mean age of 62.14 ± 8.08 years. Presenting signs included corneal folds (100%), hypopyon (57.1%) and fibrin (50%). Ten patients with mild presentation underwent vitreous tap with IOAB. Four patients with severe presentation underwent PPV with IOAB. Pseudomonas stutzeri was isolated from the vitreous samples and was pan-sensitive. Six eyes required multiple interventions. Favorable outcome was obtained in 12 eyes, one eye developed phthisis, and one patient was lost to follow-up.
CONCLUSION
We report the first ever cluster outbreak of Pseudomonas stutzeri endophthalmitis following phacoemulsification with IOL implantation in a single surgeon setting. Majority of the patients had a mild presentation and responded well to targeted anti-microbial treatment.
Topics: Acute Disease; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cataract; Disease Outbreaks; Endophthalmitis; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Phacoemulsification; Pseudomonas Infections; Pseudomonas stutzeri
PubMed: 35647987
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_3096_21 -
Genes May 2022A1501, a plant-associated diazotrophic bacterium, prefers to conform to a nitrogen-fixing biofilm state under nitrogen-deficient conditions. The extracytoplasmic...
A1501, a plant-associated diazotrophic bacterium, prefers to conform to a nitrogen-fixing biofilm state under nitrogen-deficient conditions. The extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factor AlgU is reported to play key roles in exopolysaccharide (EPS) production and biofilm formation in the genus; however, the function of AlgU in A1501 is still unclear. In this work, we mainly investigated the role of in EPS production, biofilm formation and nitrogenase activity in A1501. The mutant Δ showed a dramatic decrease both in the EPS production and the biofilm formation capabilities. In addition, the biofilm-based nitrogenase activity was reduced by 81.4% in the Δ mutant. The transcriptional level of , a key Psl-like (a major EPS in A1501) synthesis-related gene, was almost completely inhibited in the mutant and was upregulated by 2.8-fold in the -overexpressing strain. A predicted AlgU-binding site was identified in the promoter region of . The DNase I footprinting assays indicated that AlgU could directly bind to the promoter, and β-galactosidase activity analysis further revealed mutations of the AlgU-binding boxes drastically reduced the transcriptional activity of the promoter; moreover, we also demonstrated that AlgU was positively regulated by RpoN at the transcriptional level and negatively regulated by the RNA-binding protein RsmA at the posttranscriptional level. Taken together, these data suggest that AlgU promotes EPS production and nitrogen-fixing biofilm formation by directly activating the transcription of , and the expression of AlgU is controlled by RpoN and RsmA at different regulatory levels.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Biofilms; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Nitrogen; Nitrogenase; Pseudomonas stutzeri; Sigma Factor
PubMed: 35627252
DOI: 10.3390/genes13050867 -
Iranian Journal of Microbiology Dec 2022Dental caries is a breakdown of the teeth enamel due to harmful bacteria, lack of oral hygiene, and sugar consumption. The acid-producing bacterium is the leading cause...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Dental caries is a breakdown of the teeth enamel due to harmful bacteria, lack of oral hygiene, and sugar consumption. The acid-producing bacterium is the leading cause of dental caries. Dextranase is an enzyme that can degrade dextran to low molecular weight fractions, which have many therapeutic and industrial applications. The purpose of the present study was to isolate a novel dextranase-producing bacteria from a source (molasses). The cell-free extracts containing dextranases were tested as antibiofilm agents.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Dextranase-producing bacteria were identified using phenotypic and genotypic methods such as 16S rRNA gene sequencing and enzymatic characterization.
RESULTS
The highest six dextranase-producing bacterial isolates were species. The best conditions for dextranase productivity were obtained after 72 hours of culture time at pH 7. The addition of glucose to the medium enhanced the production of the enzymes. The cell-free extract of the six most active isolates showed remarkable activity against biofilm formation by ATCC 25175. The highest inhibition activities reached 60% and 80% for and respectively.
CONCLUSION
Therefore, our study added to the current dextranase-producing bacteria with potential as a source of dextranases.
PubMed: 36721450
DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v14i6.11260 -
Microorganisms Jan 2023Paracetamol is one of the most used pharmaceuticals worldwide, but due to its widespread use it is detected in various environmental matrices, such as surface and ground...
Paracetamol is one of the most used pharmaceuticals worldwide, but due to its widespread use it is detected in various environmental matrices, such as surface and ground waters, sediments, soils or even plants, where it is introduced mainly from the discharge of wastewater and the use of sewage sludge as fertilizer in agriculture. Its accumulation in certain organisms can induce reproductive, neurotoxic or endocrine disorders, being therefore considered an emerging pollutant. This study reports on the isolation, from sewage sludge produced in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), of bacterial strains capable of degrading paracetamol. Up to 17 bacterial strains were isolated, but only two of them, identified as CSW02 and CSW01, were able to degrade very high concentrations of paracetamol in solution as a sole carbon and energy source, and none of them had been previously described as paracetamol degraders. These bacteria showed the ability to degrade up to 500 mg L of paracetamol in only 6 and 4 h, respectively, much quicker than any other paracetamol-degrader strain described in the literature. The two main paracetamol metabolites, 4-aminophenol and hydroquinone, which present high toxicity, were detected during the degradation process, although they disappeared very quickly for paracetamol concentrations up to 500 mg L. The IC of paracetamol for the growth of these two isolates was also calculated, indicating that CSW01 was more tolerant than CSW02 to high concentrations of paracetamol and/or its metabolites in solution, and this is the reason for the much lower paracetamol degradation by CSW02 at 2000-3000 mg L. These findings indicate that both bacteria are very promising candidates for their use in paracetamol bioremediation in water and sewage sludge.
PubMed: 36677487
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010196 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2021Pseudomonas species are ubiquitous in nature and include numerous medically, agriculturally and technologically beneficial strains of which the interspecific...
Pseudomonas species are ubiquitous in nature and include numerous medically, agriculturally and technologically beneficial strains of which the interspecific interactions are of great interest for biotechnologies. Specifically, co-cultures containing have been used for bioremediation, biocontrol, aquaculture management and wastewater denitrification. Furthermore, the use of biofilms, in combination with consortia-based approaches, may offer advantages for these processes. Understanding the interspecific interaction within biofilm co-cultures or consortia provides a means for improvement of current technologies. However, the investigation of biofilm-based consortia has been limited. We present an adaptable and scalable method for the analysis of macroscopic interactions (colony morphology, inhibition, and invasion) between colony-forming bacterial strains using an automated printing method followed by analysis of the genes and metabolites involved in the interactions. Using Biofilm Interaction Mapping and Analysis (BIMA), these interactions were investigated between strain RCH2, a denitrifier isolated from chromium (VI) contaminated soil, and 13 other species of pseudomonas isolated from non-contaminated soil. One interaction partner, Pseudomonas fluorescens N1B4 was selected for mutant fitness profiling of a DNA-barcoded mutant library; with this approach four genes of importance were identified and the effects on interactions were evaluated with deletion mutants and mass spectrometry based metabolomics.
PubMed: 34956122
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.757856 -
Microorganisms Apr 2023Plants and soil microorganisms interact at every stage of growth. spp. are highly regarded for their ability to increase crop production and protection from diseases....
Plants and soil microorganisms interact at every stage of growth. spp. are highly regarded for their ability to increase crop production and protection from diseases. The aim of this study is to understand the mechanisms of the rhizobacterial colonization of tomato roots via chemotaxis assay and the activation of tomato resistance against the pathogenic bacterium, pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst). The capillary assay was used to evaluate the chemotaxis response of PGPRs (plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria). The activities of defense enzymes and the expressions of PR (pathogenesis-related) genes were measured using real-time qPCR. Chemotactic responses to malic and citric acids (the most important root exudates found in different plant species) at low concentrations varied substantially among the rhizobacterial isolates (63 species). Beneficial isolates including A5, A30, A28, O26, N42, and T15 reacted well to different concentrations of root exudates. T15 demonstrated the most potent anti-Pst activity. At three and six days after inoculation, the greatest levels of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity were reported in the A5 and T15 groups. In tomato, transcript levels of four PR (pathogenesis-related) genes were elevated by rhizobacterial treatments. PGPR isolates alone or in combination with BABA (β-amino butyric acid) up-regulated the transcriptions of , , , and genes. Treatments with N42 and T15 resulted in the greatest improvements in tomato growth and yield traits. In conclusion, the results explain the mechanisms of rhizobacterial colonization for the improved management of Pst. Rhizobacterial isolates play a role in tomato's resistance to Pst via salicylic acid and jasmonic acid pathways.
PubMed: 37317077
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051103 -
Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex... Jan 2023Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) contains a mixture of chemical and biological elements that pose threat to human health by increasing susceptibility to respiratory...
Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) contains a mixture of chemical and biological elements that pose threat to human health by increasing susceptibility to respiratory diseases. Although the identification of the microorganisms composing the PM has been assessed, their immunological impacts are still questionable. Here, we examined the mechanisms responsible for the pathogenicity of Pseudomonas stutzeri PM101005 (PMPS), a bacterium isolated from fine dust, in lung epithelial cells, alveolar cells, and macrophages. Relative to its comparative strain Pseudomonas stutzeri (PS), infections with PMPS induced higher production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, mediated by the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Additionally, with three-dimensional (3D) airway spheroids which mimic the human bronchial epithelium, we confirmed that PMPS infections lead to relatively higher induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines than PM infections. Consistent results were observed in murine models as the infections with PMPS provoked greater inflammatory responses than the infections with PS. These PMPS-induced responses were mediated by the signaling pathways of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which regulated PMPS infection and played an important role in the expression of the antibiotic peptide β-defensin 3 (BD3) that suppressed PMPS proliferation. Moreover, PM pretreatment enhanced inflammatory responses and tissue damage of PMPS, while reducing BD3 expression. Overall, these results indicate that PM-isolated PMPS induce TLR-mediated inflammatory responses in lung tissues, and contributes to the understanding of the etiology of PM-induced respiratory damage.
Topics: Mice; Humans; Animals; Particulate Matter; Pseudomonas stutzeri; Lung; Cytokines; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 36435285
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120741 -
Iranian Journal of Microbiology Apr 2020Excess use of pesticides in agricultural field not only compromised soil fertility but also posed serious threat to water bodies and life in the surrounding environment....
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Excess use of pesticides in agricultural field not only compromised soil fertility but also posed serious threat to water bodies and life in the surrounding environment. The leftover pesticide residue needs to be remediated effectively. Compared to physical, chemical and enzymatic remediation options the microbial remediation is more practical and sustainable.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The smk strain was found to use dichlorvos as the solitary carbon source. Minimal medium supplemented with dichlorvos was used to test ability of bacterium to degrade pesticide aerobically. The metabolites produced by the bacterium were studied with UV-Vis spectrophotometry, HPLC, FTIR and GC-MS techniques. The toxicity studies of neat dichlorvos and smk degraded metabolites were studied by subcutaneous injection in .
RESULTS
The smk strain was found to degrade as high as 80% of dichlorvos on 7 day of incubation, at 30 °C temperature and at pH 7. In five steps complete aerobic degradation of 2,2dicholorvinyl dimethyl phosphate (dichlorvos) resulted in production of free methyl and phosphate. The degradation intermediates produced are 2-Chlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate, vinyl dimethyl phosphate, dimethyl phosphate, methylphosphate and finally free phosphate. The histopathological analysis of liver, spleen and thymus of s were performed to study toxicity of dichlorvos and degraded metabolites.
CONCLUSION
smk could result highest aerobic degradation of dichlorvos to produce free methyl and phosphate. Degradation metabolites could reverse largely toxic effects of dichlorvos when studied in .
PubMed: 32494348
DOI: No ID Found