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Iranian Journal of Psychiatry Jul 2023New initiatives are needed to manage patients with mental health problems in the community. Among the core principal ideals of any healthcare system is transition from... (Review)
Review
New initiatives are needed to manage patients with mental health problems in the community. Among the core principal ideals of any healthcare system is transition from traditional services to community-based practices. The aim of this study was to assess community-based and recovery-oriented practices and interventions for individuals with mental health problems. MESH keywords, including "mental health recovery", "rehabilitation", "aftercare", "community psychiatry", and "mental health service" were searched in scientific databases such as Medline, EMBASE, PsychInfo, CINAHL, and Cochrane up to July 2022. A snowball search was also conducted on eligible studies. The methodological quality of the studies was determined by Kmet standard criteria. The systematic review included 32 studies, all of which demonstrated a moderate to high promising effect for community-based and recovery-oriented practices or programs on patients with severe mental illness. These practices could help patients to find suitable jobs, avoid isolation and stigma, improve communication skills, increase awareness of problems, and foster independence. The study also highlighted the pivotal role of nurses, artistic and sports activities, electronic (E)-mental health, home visits, psychoeducation, and special recovery programs. Community-based and recovery-oriented practices should be used as an effective means of normalizing the lives of psychiatric patients. In essence, by cultivating hope and empowering these patients, many of the concerns of health systems can be eradicated.
PubMed: 37575606
DOI: 10.18502/ijps.v18i3.13013 -
Health SA = SA Gesondheid 2023The development of higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) in problem-based learning (PBL) is not confined to teaching and learning but extends to authentic assessment...
BACKGROUND
The development of higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) in problem-based learning (PBL) is not confined to teaching and learning but extends to authentic assessment methods, similar to real-life situations. The assessments aligned to PBL attempt to eliminate the students' tendency towards memorisation. Rather, it instils and encourages their ability to analyse, interpret, synthesise, and evaluate knowledge and its sources.
AIM
The study had two primary aims: (1) to describe undergraduate nursing students' experiences of an online problem-based assessment (PBA), and (2) to explore how online PBA assessment contributed to the development of undergraduate student nurses' HOTS.
SETTING
An urban-based South African higher education institution (HEI) in KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
METHODS
A descriptive, exploratory qualitative approach was used. The target population was 4th-year psychiatric nursing students ( = 39) studying for the degree of Bachelor of Nursing at the preselected university, utilising two focus groups ( = 5, = 7). Data were analysed through content analysis using the clinical reasoning model as a framework.
RESULTS
Three categories (trigger problem, re-visioning the cues, treatment direction) and seven sub-categories (trigger problem posing, early cue identification, cue interpretation and clustering, focussed cue investigation, information processing and interpretation, reprioritise hypotheses, and diverse intervention[s]) emerged.
CONCLUSION
Psychiatry, Nursing and Midwifery practices require a practitioner skilled in HOTS to provide quality, efficient and cost-effective patient care.
CONTRIBUTION
The findings in this study can benefit nursing education, particularly learning interruptions in HEIs.
PubMed: 37927947
DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v28i0.2423 -
SAGE Open Nursing 2022The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted students in psychiatric clinical rotations. Clinicals were frequently limited or canceled, restricting exposure of student...
INTRODUCTION
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted students in psychiatric clinical rotations. Clinicals were frequently limited or canceled, restricting exposure of student nurses to this experience. Many modifications led to permanent changes in the psychiatric clinical setting.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this manuscript is to provide a cohesive approach to serving student nurses in the post-pandemic psychiatric clinical setting.
METHODS
A theoretical exploration of the literature framed by the Roy Adaptation Model (RAM) was conducted.
DISCUSSION
Results are presented using the four modes of the theory: Physiological, Self-Concept, Role Function, and Interdependence.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings include strategies to enhance student learning while supporting students' health and wellness. Educators and practitioners should provide high-quality, safe learning environments for student nurses.
PubMed: 36478782
DOI: 10.1177/23779608221142376 -
Journal of Forensic NursingCriminals in Japan with mental disorders face penal servitude in prison or treatment under the Medical Treatment and Supervision Act, depending on their ability to take...
BACKGROUND
Criminals in Japan with mental disorders face penal servitude in prison or treatment under the Medical Treatment and Supervision Act, depending on their ability to take responsibility for their criminal acts. Forensic psychiatric nurses caring for this group may face various ethical issues.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to identify ethical issues forensic psychiatric nurses in Japan encountered.
METHOD
We used the Ethical Issues Scale to conduct a survey among forensic healthcare ward nurses and analyzed the data using descriptive statistics. We also conducted semistructured interviews with individual nurses who provided signed consent and responded to the initial survey on ethical issues they encountered. These data were analyzed using Berelson's content analysis.
RESULTS
Of 175 nurses, 131 answered our survey. The most frequently encountered ethical issue was "protecting patients' rights and human dignity," and the most disturbing ethical issue was "providing nursing care with possible health risks." Seventy-seven percent of the nurses chose to discuss with peers when resolving the ethical issues. Seventeen nurses who were interviewed described these forensic psychiatric nursing-related ethical distresses and conflicts: difficulty in discharge management, prevention of violence and self-harm, compulsory treatment, patient care, and negative emotions toward patient.
CONCLUSION
Forensic psychiatric nurses in Japan face difficulties regarding respecting patients' rights. They strive to respect patients' rights by using their expertise as nurses while sharing their difficulties with colleagues. It is important to develop a support system for social reintegration to solve ethical issues.
Topics: Adult; Ethics, Nursing; Female; Forensic Nursing; Humans; Japan; Male; Nurses; Psychiatric Nursing; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34091535
DOI: 10.1097/JFN.0000000000000333 -
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and... Nov 2022The need for behavioral health care prevention, treatment, and recovery supports, including crisis alternatives, has grown and is now receiving federal support through...
The need for behavioral health care prevention, treatment, and recovery supports, including crisis alternatives, has grown and is now receiving federal support through enhanced funding. When a person experiences severe emotional distress, crisis alternatives are a viable option instead of inpatient hospitalization to address the distress and restore balance. Peer respite programs are voluntary, short-term, crisis alternatives for people experiencing mental distress. Models have evolved in response to funding and regulatory requirements, yet research is limited. The current article describes a unique peer-led program, Wellness Respite, in operation for 7 years, including data from recent satisfaction surveys and the role of nurses in the program. Implications of a home-like, short-term crisis alternative and the role of the nurse are emphasized. [(11), 26-32.].
Topics: Humans; Respite Care; Mental Health Services; Mental Disorders; Psychiatric Nursing; Health Promotion
PubMed: 35522937
DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20220428-04 -
Nurse Education Today May 2021In view of the rising incidence and prevalence of mental disorders, and the stigma often attached to persons with these pathologies, the question of specific,...
BACKGROUND
In view of the rising incidence and prevalence of mental disorders, and the stigma often attached to persons with these pathologies, the question of specific, appropriate training for nursing students is one of great importance. Objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) and clinical simulation may provide a useful means of introducing the student to this environment.
OBJECTIVES
To examine the perceptions and satisfaction of nursing students after their participation in a targeted mental health course in which the main specialist skills were acquired via clinical simulation.
DESIGN
A quantitative, descriptive, transversal study was conducted, in which the participants in a mental health course completed a questionnaire on their satisfaction with the experience.
PARTICIPANTS
The study population consisted of 141 nursing students enrolled in a mental health course and currently in the third year of their Nursing Degree studies at the University of Málaga (Spain).
RESULTS
The overall satisfaction expressed was more than 8 out of 10 (mean score = 8.43, SD = 1.25) and the students' satisfaction with specific aspects of the procedure exceeded 4 out of 5. The study results show that these nursing students considered the methodology in question to be useful preparation for clinical practice (mean score = 4.78, SD = 0.45), that they appreciated the participation of an expert (mean score = 4.72, SD = 0.60) and that receiving the opinions of their peers about their performance was an enriching part of the experience (mean score = 4.54, SD = 0.64).
CONCLUSIONS
The participants reported a high degree of satisfaction with the OSCE procedure and observed that this method should be implemented more frequently. Debriefing is viewed as a vital contribution to the learning process and to the participants' satisfaction. However, further research is needed to study the impact of stress and anxiety on the acquisition of skills via OSCEs.
Topics: Clinical Competence; Educational Measurement; Humans; Perception; Psychiatric Nursing; Spain; Students, Nursing
PubMed: 33735749
DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2021.104866 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2022Neuropeptide S (NPS) is a neuropeptide primarily produced within three brainstem regions including locus coeruleus, trigeminal nerve nucleus, and lateral parabrachial... (Review)
Review
Neuropeptide S (NPS) is a neuropeptide primarily produced within three brainstem regions including locus coeruleus, trigeminal nerve nucleus, and lateral parabrachial nucleus. NPS is involved in the central regulation of stress, fear, and cognitive integration. NPS is a mediator of behavior, seeking food, and the proliferation of new adipocytes in the setting of obesity. So far, current research of NPS is only limited to animal models; data regarding its functions in humans is still scarce. Animal studies showed that anxiety and appetite might be suppressed by the action of NPS. The discovery of this neuromodulator peptide is effective considering its strong anxiolytic action, which has the potential to be an interesting therapeutic option in treating neuropsychiatric disorders. In this article, we aimed to analyze the pharmaceutical properties of NPS as well as its influence on several neurophysiological aspects-modulation of behavior, association with obesity, as well as its potential application in rehabilitation and treatment of psychiatric disorders.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Humans; Mental Disorders; Neuropeptides; Obesity; Receptors, Neuropeptide
PubMed: 35558538
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.872430 -
International Journal of Mental Health... Aug 2022Despite rising international needs for mental health practitioners, the mental health nursing workforce is underutilized. This is in part due to limited understandings... (Review)
Review
Despite rising international needs for mental health practitioners, the mental health nursing workforce is underutilized. This is in part due to limited understandings of their roles, identities, and capabilities. This paper aimed to collate and synthesize published research on the clinical roles of mental health nurses in order to systematically clarify their professional identity and potential. We searched for eligible studies, published between 2001 and 2021, in five electronic databases. Abstracts of retrieved studies were independently screened against exclusion and inclusion criteria (primarily that studies reported on the outcomes associated with mental health nursing roles). Decisions of whether to include studies were through researcher consensus guided by the criteria. The search yielded 324 records, of which 47 were included. Retained papers primarily focused on three themes related to mental health nursing clinical roles and capabilities. Technical roles included those associated with psychotherapy, consumer safety, and diagnosis. Non-technical roles and capabilities were also described. These included emotional intelligence, advanced communication, and reduction of power differentials. Thirdly, the retained papers reported the generative contexts that influenced clinical roles. These included prolonged proximity with consumers with tensions between therapeutic and custodial roles. The results of this scoping review suggest the mental health nurses (MHNs) have a wide scope of technical skills which they employ in clinical practice. These roles are informed by a distinctive cluster of non-technical capabilities to promote the well-being of service users. They are an adaptable and underutilized component of the mental health workforce in a context of escalating unmet needs for expert mental health care.
Topics: Delivery of Health Care; Health Personnel; Humans; Mental Health; Psychiatric Nursing; Workforce
PubMed: 35156291
DOI: 10.1111/inm.12983 -
Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine May 2023
PubMed: 37152388
DOI: 10.1177/02537176221103617 -
History of Psychiatry Mar 2023Overcrowding in British mental hospitals was a major service and political concern when the NHS was introduced in 1948. From 1959, a number of projects were initiated...
Overcrowding in British mental hospitals was a major service and political concern when the NHS was introduced in 1948. From 1959, a number of projects were initiated locally in Oxfordshire, based from Littlemore Hospital Oxford, to provide alternative accommodation, primarily for long-stay residents. Two NHS hostels were opened and a network of group homes was developed from 1963. These were administered through the hospital League of Friends and supported by the community psychiatric nursing service led by Helmut Leopoldt. From 1977 a separate local charity, Oxfordshire Mind, also provided supported housing for younger patients. These developments can be seen as an early local case study of the provision of non-hospital (supported) accommodation and other forms of support for people with long-term mental health problems.
Topics: Humans; Mental Health; Mental Disorders; Psychiatric Nursing; Housing; Hospitals, Psychiatric
PubMed: 36426651
DOI: 10.1177/0957154X221136697