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European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Jan 2020
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Psychiatry; Child; Child Psychiatry; Forecasting; Health Workforce; Humans; Mental Health Services; Specialization
PubMed: 31950371
DOI: 10.1007/s00787-019-01467-6 -
Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine Dec 2022We describe the adaptation of services to allow flexible and practical responses to the coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) public health crisis by four Consultation-Liaison...
We describe the adaptation of services to allow flexible and practical responses to the coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) public health crisis by four Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry (CLP) services; Galway University Hospital (GUH), Beaumont Hospital, University Hospital Waterford and St Vincent's University Hospital (SVUH) CLP services. This article also illustrates close collaboration with community adult mental health services and Emergency Department (ED) colleagues to implement effective community diversion pathways and develop safe, effective patient assessment pathways within the EDs. It highlights the high levels of activity within each of the CLP services, while also signposting that many of the rapidly implemented changes to our practice may herald improvements to mental health patient care delivery in the post-COVID-19 world, if our psychiatry services receive appropriate resources.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; Psychiatry; Community Mental Health Services; Emergency Service, Hospital; Mental Health; Delivery of Health Care; Hospitals, University; Quarantine; Referral and Consultation
PubMed: 32912345
DOI: 10.1017/ipm.2020.104 -
Psychiatria Polska Oct 2019no summary. (Review)
Review
no summary.
Topics: Humans; Interdisciplinary Communication; Mental Disorders; Psychiatry; Societies, Medical
PubMed: 31955179
DOI: 10.12740/PP/113271 -
Tijdschrift Voor Psychiatrie 2020The microbiome plays an important role in medicine. In psychiatry, it is also useful to examine the microbiome in relation to the pathogenesis and treatment of... (Review)
Review
The microbiome plays an important role in medicine. In psychiatry, it is also useful to examine the microbiome in relation to the pathogenesis and treatment of psychopathology. Nowadays, during consultation, patients and their relatives more frequently ask questions regarding the microbiome, as well as microbiome-based therapies.
AIM: To give an overview of the current knowledge regarding the relationship between microbiome, behaviour and psychiatric disorders in general, and autism in particular.
METHOD: A narrative literature review based on searches in the PubMed and psycinfo databases with the keywords: microbiota, microbiome, microorganisms, mental disorders, psychiatric disorder, autism spectrum disorder, autistic disorder, autistic and autism.
RESULTS: The number of publications concerning the bidirectional relationship between gut microbiota composition and behavior is considerable. The composition of the gut microbiome affects human behavior via subtle, finely regulated, system biological bidirectional influence. Placebo-controlled research into the effects of microbiome interventions is currently limited.
CONCLUSION: It is too early to make definitive statements about the possibilities of diagnosis and therapy aimed at the microbiome in psychiatric disorders. Further scientific research is necessary. How microbiota play a crucial role in host biochemical homeostasis is, however, becoming increasingly clearer.Topics: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Autistic Disorder; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Microbiota; Psychiatry
PubMed: 32141520
DOI: No ID Found -
Psychiatria Danubina Sep 2021Mental disorders are very frequent nowadays, and it is considered that, i.e. Europe, the numbers of patients will more than double by 2050. At the same time, there has... (Review)
Review
Mental disorders are very frequent nowadays, and it is considered that, i.e. Europe, the numbers of patients will more than double by 2050. At the same time, there has been a constant decline of interest among students choosing psychiatry as their specialty. Therefore, it is prone to investigate and identify the factors leading to low interest in psychiatry and compare the influence of clinical clerkship among medical students worldwide, since this is no longer just a local issue, but also a global challenge. PubMed data base was used as a source of medical literature, which was afterwards filtered through established criteria to select the eligible articles dealing with attitudes toward psychiatry among medical students. Our findings indicate that likelihood of selecting psychiatry as a career is highly influenced by student's perception of the specialty, which is in turn shaped by many factors. So far several studies have underlined importance of clinical clerkship and it's positive effect among students when choosing psychiatry as a specialty. There is highly negative opinion among medical students towards psychiatry as a career choice and completion of a practice does not necessarily lead to a change in attitudes among different populations. In consistence with previous studies, our findings confirm that there is dominant negative opinion among medical students when considering psychiatry as a career.
Topics: Attitude; Career Choice; Clinical Clerkship; Humans; Psychiatry; Students, Medical
PubMed: 34672267
DOI: No ID Found -
Schizophrenia Bulletin Apr 2021In 1921, at the age of 65, 6 years after completing the final edition of his textbook, 22 years after first proposing the concept of dementia praecox (DP), and 1 year...
In 1921, at the age of 65, 6 years after completing the final edition of his textbook, 22 years after first proposing the concept of dementia praecox (DP), and 1 year before retiring from clinical work, Emil Kraepelin completed the last edition of his "Introduction to Clinical Psychiatry," which contained a mini-textbook for students, 10 pages of which were devoted to DP. This work also included a series of new detailed case histories, 3 of which examined DP. This neglected text represents a distillation of what Kraepelin judged, near the end of his long career, to be the essential features of DP. The relevant text and case histories are translated into English for the first time. Kraepelin did not define DP solely by its chronic course and poor prognosis, acknowledging that remissions and even full recovery might be possible. His clinical description emphasized the frequency of bizarre delusions and passivity symptoms. He recognized the heterogeneity of the clinical presentations, outlining 6 subtypes of DP, including dementia simplex, depressive and stuporous dementia, and an agitated and circular DP. Kraepelin's original concept of DP was not impervious to change and expanded somewhat, especially with the inclusion of Diem's concept of simple DP. He also reviews several contributions of Bleuler, including his concept "latent schizophrenia." He writes poignantly of the psychological consequences of DP. His 3 DP cases, for advanced students, included simple DP, "periodic catatonic," and "speech confusion."
Topics: History, 20th Century; Humans; Psychiatry; Schizophrenia; Textbooks as Topic
PubMed: 33320201
DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa177 -
Praxis Sep 2022Quality Standards in Old Age Psychiatry Quality standards and regulations are becoming increasingly important and are promoted in the context of the permission to...
Quality Standards in Old Age Psychiatry Quality standards and regulations are becoming increasingly important and are promoted in the context of the permission to treat, to bill and via financial incentives. In this context, the regulatory frameworks focus to varying degrees on structural, process or outcome criteria. On behalf of the Swiss Society for Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (SGAP), we summarize the quality elements in this document and group the requirements derived from them based on setting (outpatient, intermediate, inpatient) and structural quality criteria (staffing ratio, infrastructure). There is a very extensive requirements matrix, and its implementation requires considerable efforts, not least because of the shortage of specialists and limited financial resources of psychiatric institutions and medical practices. The criteria of the requirements, matrix must be further developed and anchored in a "competence-based training in old age psychiatry".
Topics: Humans; Psychiatry; Psychotherapy; Workforce
PubMed: 36102019
DOI: 10.1024/1661-8157/a003896 -
Missouri Medicine 2023The Department of Psychiatry at Washington University has been innovating psychiatric education during the second millennium at all levels of training - undergraduate...
The Department of Psychiatry at Washington University has been innovating psychiatric education during the second millennium at all levels of training - undergraduate medical, general residency, and child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) fellowship training. Undergraduate medical education now occurs in three phases. The 18-month pre-clerkship phase is divided into seven multidisciplinary modules that span basic, social, and clinical sciences. Psychiatry is part of the seven-week long Brain and Behavior module. The yearlong second phase includes a six-week traditional psychiatry clerkship-like experience bracketed by an introductory foundational week and a one-week consolidation period. The third phase is 18 months in length and provides in-depth exploration of both clinical and non-clinical areas. The residency training program has enlarged the number of residents undergoing training and simultaneously greatly expanded the clinical exposure to include rotations in eating disorders and perinatal psychiatry. In addition, our residents can choose to enhance their training in either our research or leadership focused options, both of which are also available to trainees in our child and adolescent program. Additionally, our CAP trainees are exposed to several unique areas including eating disorders and substance use disorders. We believe that these innovations across the educational spectrum allow us to prepare our learners for the practice of psychiatry in the 21 century.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Humans; Washington; Universities; Psychiatry; Internship and Residency; Curriculum
PubMed: 37609462
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Environmental... Aug 2021Social distancing and the shortage of healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic, the impact of population aging on the healthcare system, as well as the... (Review)
Review
Social distancing and the shortage of healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic, the impact of population aging on the healthcare system, as well as the rapid pace of digital innovation are catalyzing the development and implementation of new technologies and digital services in psychiatry. Is this transformation a blessing or a curse for psychiatry? To answer this question, we conducted a literature review covering a broad range of new technologies and eHealth services, including telepsychiatry; computer-, internet-, and app-based cognitive behavioral therapy; virtual reality; digital applied games; a digital medicine system; omics; neuroimaging; machine learning; precision psychiatry; clinical decision support; electronic health records; physician charting; digital language translators; and online mental health resources for patients. We found that eHealth services provide effective, scalable, and cost-efficient options for the treatment of people with limited or no access to mental health care. This review highlights innovative technologies spearheading the way to more effective and safer treatments. We identified artificially intelligent tools that relieve physicians from routine tasks, allowing them to focus on collaborative doctor-patient relationships. The transformation of traditional clinics into digital ones is outlined, and the challenges associated with the successful deployment of digitalization in psychiatry are highlighted.
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Pandemics; Psychiatry; Telemedicine
PubMed: 34444055
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168302 -
Psychosomatics 2019Learners developing competency-based skills, attitudes, and knowledge through the achievement of defined milestones is a core feature of competency-based medical... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Learners developing competency-based skills, attitudes, and knowledge through the achievement of defined milestones is a core feature of competency-based medical education. In 2017, a special interest study group of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry convened a panel of specialists to describe pediatric consultation-liaison psychiatry (CLP) best educational practices during child and adolescent psychiatry fellowship.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this project was to develop a national consensus on pediatric CLP competencies to help guide training in this specialty.
METHODS
An expert working group developed a list of candidate competences based on previously established educational outcomes for CLP (formerly Psychosomatic Medicine), child and adolescent psychiatry, and general psychiatry. A survey was distributed to members of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Physically Ill Child Committee to determine child and adolescent psychiatry fellowship educational needs on pediatric CLP services and generate consensus regarding pediatric CLP competencies.
RESULTS
Most survey respondents were supportive of the need for a national consensus on core competencies for pediatric CLP. Consensus from a panel of experts in the field of pediatric CLP generated a list of proposed core competencies that track the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education's six core competencies.
CONCLUSIONS
Consistent learning outcomes provide the foundation for further development of tools to support training in pediatric CLP. There is a need to develop further tools including outcome assessment instruments and self-directed learning materials that can be used to support lifelong learning.
Topics: Accreditation; Adolescent Psychiatry; Child Psychiatry; Clinical Competence; Curriculum; Education, Medical, Graduate; Fellowships and Scholarships; Humans; Referral and Consultation; United States
PubMed: 31248613
DOI: 10.1016/j.psym.2019.04.006