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Current Opinion in Psychology Jun 2023The minority stress model has been influential in guiding research on sexual and gender minority health and well-being in psychology and related social and health... (Review)
Review
The minority stress model has been influential in guiding research on sexual and gender minority health and well-being in psychology and related social and health sciences. Minority stress has theoretical roots in psychology, sociology, public health, and social welfare. Meyer provided the first integrative articulation of minority stress in 2003 as an explanatory theory aimed at understanding the social, psychological, and structural factors accounting for mental health inequalities facing sexual minority populations. This article reviews developments in minority stress theory over the past two decades, focusing on critiques, applications, and reflections on its continued relevance in the context of rapidly changing social and policy contexts.
Topics: Humans; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Gender Identity; Mental Health; Minority Groups
PubMed: 37270877
DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101579 -
Journal of Internal Medicine May 2022In line with increasing numbers of transgender (trans) and gender nonbinary people requesting hormone treatment, the body of available research is expanding. More... (Review)
Review
In line with increasing numbers of transgender (trans) and gender nonbinary people requesting hormone treatment, the body of available research is expanding. More clinical research groups are presenting data, and the numbers of participants in these studies are rising. Many previous review papers have focused on all available data, as these were scarce, but a more recent literature review is timely. Hormonal regimens have changed over time, and older data may be less relevant for today's practice. In recent literature, we have found that even though mental health problems are more prevalent in trans people compared to cisgender people, less psychological difficulties occur, and life satisfaction increases with gender-affirming hormone treatment (GAHT) for those who feel this is a necessity. With GAHT, body composition and contours change towards the affirmed sex. Studies in bone health are reassuring, but special attention is needed for adolescent and adult trans women, aiming at adequate dosage of hormonal supplementation and stimulating therapy compliance. Existing epidemiological data suggest that the use of (certain) estrogens in trans women induces an increased risk of myocardial infarction and stroke, the reason that lifestyle management can be an integral part of trans health care. The observed cancer risk in trans people does not exceed the known cancer-risk differences between men and women. Now it is time to integrate the mostly reassuring data, to leave the overly cautious approach behind, to not copy the same research questions repeatedly, and to focus on longer follow-up data with larger cohorts.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Gender Identity; Humans; Male; Neoplasms; Testosterone; Transgender Persons; Transsexualism
PubMed: 34982475
DOI: 10.1111/joim.13441 -
Archives of Sexual Behavior Jul 2023Gender transition is undertaken to improve the well-being of people suffering from gender dysphoria. However, some have argued that the evidence supporting medical...
Gender transition is undertaken to improve the well-being of people suffering from gender dysphoria. However, some have argued that the evidence supporting medical interventions for gender transition (e.g., hormonal therapies and surgery) is weak and inconclusive, and an increasing number of people have come forward recently to share their experiences of transition regret and detransition. In this essay, I discuss emerging clinical and research issues related to transition regret and detransition with the aim of arming clinicians with the latest information so they can support patients navigating the challenges of regret and detransition. I begin by describing recent changes in the epidemiology of gender dysphoria, conceptualization of transgender identification, and models of care. I then discuss the potential impact of these changes on regret and detransition; the prevalence of desistance, regret, and detransition; reasons for detransition; and medical and mental healthcare needs of detransitioners. Although recent data have shed light on a complex range of experiences that lead people to detransition, research remains very much in its infancy. Little is known about the medical and mental healthcare needs of these patients, and there is currently no guidance on best practices for clinicians involved in their care. Moreover, the term detransition can hold a wide array of possible meanings for transgender-identifying people, detransitioners, and researchers, leading to inconsistences in its usage. Moving forward, minimizing harm will require conducting robust research, challenging fundamental assumptions, scrutinizing of practice patterns, and embracing debate.
Topics: Humans; Transgender Persons; Transsexualism; Gender Identity; Uncertainty; Gender Dysphoria; Emotions
PubMed: 37266795
DOI: 10.1007/s10508-023-02626-2 -
The Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics :... 2022I am pleased to introduce this Symposium Edition of , which covers a wide variety of issues central to transgender health equity, including Dr. Jamison Green's recent...
I am pleased to introduce this Symposium Edition of , which covers a wide variety of issues central to transgender health equity, including Dr. Jamison Green's recent history of the impact of health policy on transgender communities, Dr. M. Killian Kinney, Ms. Taylor Pearson, and Prof. Julie Ralston Aoki's transgender equity tool for legal policy analysis, and Prof. Elizabeth Kukura's analysis of issues facing transgender, non-binary, and gender expansive people during pregnancy and childbirth.
Topics: Humans; Transgender Persons; Gender Identity; Policy Making; Health Policy
PubMed: 36398636
DOI: 10.1017/jme.2022.82 -
Anales de Pediatria Apr 2022Some people, including minors, have a gender identity that does not correspond to the sex assigned at birth. They are known as trans* people, which is an umbrella term...
Some people, including minors, have a gender identity that does not correspond to the sex assigned at birth. They are known as trans* people, which is an umbrella term that encompasses transgender, transsexual, and other identities not conforming to the assigned gender. Healthcare units for trans* minors require multidisciplinary working, undertaken by personnel expert in gender identity, enabling, when requested, interventions for the minor and their social-familial environment, in an individualized and flexible way during the gender affirmation path. This service model also includes hormonal treatments tailored as much as possible to the individual's needs, beyond the dichotomic goals of a traditional binary model. This guide addresses the general aspects of professional care of trans* minors and presents the current evidence-based protocol of hormonal treatments for trans* and non-binary adolescents. In addition, it details key aspects related to expected body changes and their possible side effects, as well as prior counselling about fertility preservation.
Topics: Adolescent; Female; Gender Dysphoria; Gender Identity; Humans; Male; Minors; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Transgender Persons; Transsexualism
PubMed: 35534418
DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2022.02.002 -
Psychiatria Danubina Oct 2023Gender dysphoria (GD) describes individuals for whom the native sex and expressed gender are not coincident and most of them self-identify as transgender women or men.... (Review)
Review
Gender dysphoria (GD) describes individuals for whom the native sex and expressed gender are not coincident and most of them self-identify as transgender women or men. It has been shown that genetic factors play an important role in GD and the presence of specific genetic variants in candidate genes could be correlated. On the other hand, twins studies have estimated its heritability. In this review, we collect and report the available data obtained by different molecular genetic studies.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Gender Dysphoria; Gender Identity; Transsexualism; DNA
PubMed: 37800223
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Jun 2022Transgender healthcare faces a dilemma. On the one hand, access to certain medical interventions, including hormone treatments or surgeries, where desired, may be...
Transgender healthcare faces a dilemma. On the one hand, access to certain medical interventions, including hormone treatments or surgeries, where desired, may be beneficial or even vital for some gender dysphoric trans people. But on the other hand, access to medical interventions typically requires a diagnosis, which, in turn, seems to imply the existence of a pathological state-something that many transgender people reject as a false and stigmatizing characterization of their experience or identity. In this paper we argue that developments from the human enhancement debate can help clarify or resolve some of the conceptual and ethical entanglements arising from the apparent conflict between seeking medicine while not necessarily suffering from a pathology or disorder. Specifically, we focus on the welfarist account of human enhancement and argue it can provide a useful conceptual framework for thinking about some of the more contentious disagreements about access to transgender healthcare services.
Topics: Gender Identity; Health Services Accessibility; Humans; Transgender Persons; Transsexualism
PubMed: 35129785
DOI: 10.1007/s11673-021-10163-7 -
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology... Sep 2022
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Gender Identity; Hormones; Humans; Transgender Persons; Transsexualism
PubMed: 35678284
DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac356 -
Current Opinion in Psychology Dec 2022Recent years have seen considerable interest in consensual non-monogamy from both public and academic perspectives. At least 5% of the North American population is... (Review)
Review
Recent years have seen considerable interest in consensual non-monogamy from both public and academic perspectives. At least 5% of the North American population is currently in a consensually non-monogamous relationship of some form and there is little difference in measures of relationship quality compared to monogamous relationships. Despite increasing levels of understanding and engagement many practitioners of consensual non-monogamy still experience stigma (and minority stress) which is exacerbated by context (e.g. parenting, healthcare settings), type of consensual non-monogamy (e.g. polyamory vs swinging) and intersects with other identities (e.g. race, sexuality). This review outlines what is currently understood about consensual non-monogamy and argues that relationship diversity has a place alongside gender and sexuality when studying sexual behaviours, romantic relationships, and well-being.
Topics: Humans; Sexual Partners; Sexual Behavior; Gender Identity; Social Stigma
PubMed: 36215906
DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101468 -
Tidsskrift For Den Norske Laegeforening... Mar 2021
Topics: Female; Gender Identity; Humans; Transgender Persons; Transsexualism
PubMed: 33685095
DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.21.0137