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Frontiers in Nutrition 2022Restrictive diets for the treatment of different gastrointestinal disorders are reported to change the composition of intestinal microbiota. Recently, it has been...
The dietary treatment of histamine intolerance reduces the abundance of some histamine-secreting bacteria of the gut microbiota in histamine intolerant women. A pilot study.
Restrictive diets for the treatment of different gastrointestinal disorders are reported to change the composition of intestinal microbiota. Recently, it has been proposed that individuals with histamine intolerance suffer from intestinal dysbiosis, having an overabundance of histamine-secreting bacteria, but how it is still unknown this state is affected by the usual dietary treatment of histamine intolerance [i.e., low-histamine diet and the supplementation with diamine oxidase (DAO) enzyme]. Thus, a preliminary study was carried out aiming to evaluate the potential changes on the composition of the intestinal microbiota in a group of five women diagnosed with histamine intolerance undergoing 9 months of the dietary treatment of histamine intolerance. After sequencing bacterial 16S rRNA genes (V3-V4 region) and analyzing the data using the EzBioCloud Database, we observed a reduction in certain histamine-secreting bacteria, including the genera and and the specie . Moreover, it was also observed an increase in spp., a bacterial group frequently related to gut health. These changes could help to explain the clinical improvement experienced by histamine intolerant women underwent a dietary treatment.
PubMed: 36337620
DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1018463 -
Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious... Jun 2023A total of 35,360 Enterobacterales isolates were consecutively collected from 75 US medical centers in 2018-2022. Among these isolates, 2612 (7.4%) were categorized as...
Ceftazidime-avibactam, meropenem-vaborbactam, and imipenem-relebactam activities against multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales from United States Medical Centers (2018-2022).
A total of 35,360 Enterobacterales isolates were consecutively collected from 75 US medical centers in 2018-2022. Among these isolates, 2612 (7.4%) were categorized as multidrug-resistant (MDR). Isolates were susceptibility tested by reference broth microdilution methods. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) were screened for carbapenemase (CPE) genes by whole genome sequencing. The highest MDR rates was observed among Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.2%), followed by Raoultella spp. (10.9%) and Providencia stuartii (9.8%). Ceftazidime-avibactam and meropenem-vaborbactam were very active and showed identical susceptibility rates against MDR isolates (97.9%). Imipenem-relebactam (93.5% susceptible [S]) exhibited slightly lower susceptibility rates due to its limited activity against Morganellaceae family. The most active β-lactamase inhibitor combination (BLI) against CRE isolates (n = 310) was ceftazidime-avibactam (84.2%S), followed by meropenem-vaborbactam (81.9%S) and imipenem-relebactam (74.8%S). All 3 BLIs were very active against KPC producers and none were active against MBL producers. Ceftazidime-avibactam exhibited greater activity against OXA-48-type producers than meropenem-vaborbactam and imipenem-vaborbactam.
Topics: United States; Humans; Meropenem; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ceftazidime; Azabicyclo Compounds; Drug Combinations; Imipenem; beta-Lactamases; Carbapenems; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
PubMed: 37060707
DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.115945 -
PloS One 2023To study antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Raoultella strains isolated from captive giant pandas. Non-duplicate fecal samples...
To study antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Raoultella strains isolated from captive giant pandas. Non-duplicate fecal samples were collected from 128 giant pandas during 2017-2019. All isolated microbial strains were tested for antimicrobial drug susceptibility using BD verification panels. Four extended-spectrum β-lactamase resistance genes, nine virulence genes and six capsular serotype genes were detected using PCR. 42 K. pneumoniae and nine Raoultella strains were isolated from different giant pandas. Antibiotic resistance rates were 1.9%-23.5%, except for ampicillin, and 7.8% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant to 7-10 antibiotic classes. This is the first time that a multidrug-resistant R. ornithinolytica strain has been isolated from captive giant pandas. The blaTEM, blaCTX-M, blaSHV and blaDHA genes were detected in four MDR ESBL- K. pneumoniae strains. The rmpA, iutA, ybtS, iroN and iroB genes were positively detected in 11.7% of the isolates. Capsular serotype (K2, K5, K54 and K57) genes were all detected in four K. pneumoniae strains, and one was identified as hypervirulent. This study showed that MDR ESBL- K. pneumoniae, hypervirulent K. pneumoniae, MDR R. ornithinolytica and the colistin-resistant strain may pose risks to captive giant pandas and their keepers, and that the diversity of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes in Klebsiella and Raoultella should be monitored regularly.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Virulence; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Ursidae; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Prevalence; Klebsiella Infections; beta-Lactamases; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
PubMed: 36996135
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283738 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2024Seventeen Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacterial strains were isolated from bleeding cankers of various broadleaf hosts and oak rhizosphere soil in Great...
Seventeen Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacterial strains were isolated from bleeding cankers of various broadleaf hosts and oak rhizosphere soil in Great Britain. The strains were tentatively identified as belonging to the genus based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA), based on four protein-encoding genes (, , , and ), separated the strains into three clusters within the genus clade. The majority of strains clustered with the type strain of , with the remaining strains divided into two clusters with no known type strain. Whole genome sequencing comparisons confirmed these two clusters of strains as belonging to two novel species which can be differentiated phenotypically from their current closest phylogenetic relatives. Therefore, two novel species are proposed: sp. nov. (type strain = BAC 10a-01-01 = LMG 33072 = CCUG 77096) and sp. nov. (type strain = TW_WC1a.1 = LMG 33073 = CCUG 77094).
PubMed: 38756725
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1386923 -
Cureus Sep 2021is a gram-negative, aerobic, nonmotile bacteria that can be found in soil and water. This is a relatively rare organism with few case reports on it and only three...
is a gram-negative, aerobic, nonmotile bacteria that can be found in soil and water. This is a relatively rare organism with few case reports on it and only three reports of -induced urinary tract infection (UTI) have been reported. Here we present a case of acute cystitis caused by in a woman with atrial fibrillation and recurrent UTIs.
PubMed: 34660160
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.17985 -
Scientific Reports Mar 2022Raoultella planticola is an emerging pathogen causing several infections in humans, and its roles in the propagation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) remain...
Raoultella planticola is an emerging pathogen causing several infections in humans, and its roles in the propagation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) remain uncharacterized. In this study, a carbapenem and tigecycline-resistant R. planticola isolate was recovered from hospital sewage. It carried nine plasmids, bearing 30 ARGs, including one bla and two bla. It also contained a plasmid-borne efflux pump gene cluster, tmexCD1-toprJ, conferring resistance to tigecycline. Analysis of plasmid sequences revealed that both bla-carrying plasmids were highly similar to those recovered from humans, reinforcing the close relatedness of environmental and clinical isolates. We also identified that plasmid bearing bla or tmexCD1-toprJ1 was transferable, and can be stabilized in the host bacteria, indicating that the R. planticola isolate has a considerable potential in the dissemination of ARGs. Besides, we found that this isolate could produce biofilm and was virulent in a Galleria mellonella infection model. In conclusion, our study shows the convergence of virulence and multidrug resistance in a R. planticola isolate. This potentially virulent superbug may disseminate into its receiving rivers, and finally to humans through cross-contamination during recreation activities or daily use of water, which poses a risk to public health.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Carbapenems; Enterobacteriaceae; Humans; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Plasmids; Tigecycline; Virulence; beta-Lactamases
PubMed: 35264602
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07778-0 -
Microorganisms Nov 2021spp. is a relevant pathogen that can present acquired resistance to almost all available antibiotics, thus representing a serious threat for public health. While most...
spp. is a relevant pathogen that can present acquired resistance to almost all available antibiotics, thus representing a serious threat for public health. While most studies have been focused on isolates causing community-acquired and nosocomial infections, little is known about the commensal isolates colonizing healthy subjects. We describe the molecular identification and the phenotypic characterization of commensal spp. from breast milk of healthy women and faeces from healthy breast-fed infants, which were compared with isolates from community-acquired infections and from a nosocomial NICU outbreak. The phylogenetic analysis of a 454-bp sequence of the gene was useful for species identification (, , , , , , and ), previously misidentified as or by biochemical methods. Globally, we report that commensal strains present virulence traits (virulence genes, siderophores and biofilms) comparable to community-acquired and NICU-infective isolates, thus suggesting that the human microbiota could constitute a reservoir for infection. Isolates causing NICU outbreak were multi-drug resistant (MDR) and ESBLs producers, although an imipenem-resistant commensal MDR isolate was also found. A commensal strain showed a potent bacteriocin-like inhibitory activity against MDR isolates, thus highlighting the potential role of commensal spp. in health and disease.
PubMed: 34835469
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112344 -
Veterinary World Jul 2020is one of the emerging gram-negative bacteria, which associated with foodborne illness. Researches affirmed that distinguish between and are difficult, as they are...
BACKGROUND AND AIM
is one of the emerging gram-negative bacteria, which associated with foodborne illness. Researches affirmed that distinguish between and are difficult, as they are phylogenetic related. The evolution of multidrug resistance of strains gained more concern for recognition of the pathogen which supports in controlling the disease and minify its threat. This study sought to find a reliable tool for the identification of , isolated from chicken product samples, and assessed the resistance profile of . using antibiogram sensitivity tests.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Forty samples of chicken products were collected between January and September 2019 from different markets in Alexandria Governorate, Egypt. The products included nuggets, strips, burgers, luncheon meats, pane, frankfurters, and minced chicken meat. The samples were transferred to the Reference Laboratory. The samples were subjected to isolation, biochemical reaction testing, phenotypic system analytical profile index (API) E20, and a detection of antimicrobial susceptibility test. Phenotypic identification was confirmed through matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).
RESULTS
Thirty-three bacterial isolates (82.50%) out of 40 samples were isolated into pure cultures from the chicken samples. Three isolates (9.09%) were positive for , while 30 isolates (90.91%) exhibited growth characters for different pathogens (, , , and ). The isolates of were resistant to five types of antibiotics and sensitive to two types of antibiotics.
CONCLUSION
This study reported the first case of found in chicken products in Egypt. Phenotypic system API 20E and MALDI-TOF MS were found to be reliable tools for confirming the diagnosis of a. As it provides rapid identification with high sensitivity and specificity for , which often do not require a molecular procedure for confirmation.
PubMed: 32848326
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1473-1479 -
Insects Apr 2023Nitrogen is a crucial element for the growth and development of insects, but herbivorous insects often suffer from nitrogen nutrition deficiencies in their diets. Some...
Nitrogen is a crucial element for the growth and development of insects, but herbivorous insects often suffer from nitrogen nutrition deficiencies in their diets. Some symbiotic microorganisms can provide insect hosts with nitrogen nutrition through nitrogen fixation. Extensive research has clearly demonstrated the process of nitrogen fixation by symbiotic microorganisms in termites, while evidence supporting the occurrence and significance of nitrogen fixation in the diets of the Hemiptera is less conclusive. In this study, we isolated a strain of from the digestive tract of a leafhopper, , and found that it had nitrogen-fixing capabilities. Fluorescence in situ hybridization results showed that it was located in the gut of the leafhopper. Genome sequencing revealed that possessed all the genes required for nitrogen fixation. We further evaluated the growth rate of in nitrogen-containing and nitrogen-free media and measured its nitrogenase activity through an acetylene reduction assay. The findings of these studies could shed light on how gut microbes contribute to our understanding of nitrogen fixation.
PubMed: 37233059
DOI: 10.3390/insects14050431 -
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2023Mobile colistin resistance () genes (-1 to -10) are plasmid-encoded genes that threaten the clinical utility of colistin (COL), one of the highest-priority critically... (Review)
Review
Mobile Colistin Resistance () Gene-Containing Organisms in Poultry Sector in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Epidemiology, Characteristics, and One Health Control Strategies.
Mobile colistin resistance () genes (-1 to -10) are plasmid-encoded genes that threaten the clinical utility of colistin (COL), one of the highest-priority critically important antibiotics (HP-CIAs) used to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant bacteria in humans and animals. For more than six decades, COL has been used largely unregulated in the poultry sector in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and this has led to the development/spread of gene-containing bacteria (MGCB). The prevalence rates of -positive organisms from the poultry sector in LMICs between January 1970 and May 2023 range between 0.51% and 58.8%. Through horizontal gene transfer, conjugative plasmids possessing insertion sequences (ISs) (especially IS), transposons (predominantly Tn), and integrons have enhanced the spread of -1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -7, -8, -9, and -10 in the poultry sector in LMICs. These genes are harboured by , , , , , , , , , , , , and species, belonging to diverse clones. The -1, -3, and -10 genes have also been integrated into the chromosomes of these bacteria and are mobilizable by ISs and integrative conjugative elements. These bacteria often coexpress with virulence genes and other genes conferring resistance to HP-CIAs, such as extended-spectrum cephalosporins, carbapenems, fosfomycin, fluoroquinolone, and tigecycline. The transmission routes and dynamics of MGCB from the poultry sector in LMICs within the One Health triad include contact with poultry birds, feed/drinking water, manure, poultry farmers and their farm workwear, farming equipment, the consumption and sale of contaminated poultry meat/egg and associated products, etc. The use of pre/probiotics and other non-antimicrobial alternatives in the raising of birds, the judicious use of non-critically important antibiotics for therapy, the banning of nontherapeutic COL use, improved vaccination, biosecurity, hand hygiene and sanitization, the development of rapid diagnostic test kits, and the intensified surveillance of genes, among others, could effectively control the spread of MGCB from the poultry sector in LMICs.
PubMed: 37508213
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12071117