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International Dental Journal Feb 2023The aim of this study was to examine whether screening content through virtual reality (VR) goggles can diminish pain perception during local anaesthesia administered... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
AIM
The aim of this study was to examine whether screening content through virtual reality (VR) goggles can diminish pain perception during local anaesthesia administered using the inferior alveolar nerve block technique and rubber dam placement in routine paediatric dental treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This is a crossover study of healthy 4- to 12-year-old children who were scheduled to receive local anaesthesia administered using the inferior alveolar nerve block technique and rubber dam placement in 2 visits. The participants were randomly assigned to undergo 1 treatment performed with Oculus GO VR goggles and the other treatment without. Pain was evaluated using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale and the Modified Behavioral Pain Scale (MBPS).
RESULTS
The study group included 29 children with a mean age of 8.29 years (SD, 1.96). Whilst administering local anaesthesia, no significant difference was observed in the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale and in MBPS movements between visits with and without the VR goggles. However, significantly lower pain perception was observed in the other parameters of MBPS when using the VR goggles: Face (P = .007) and Cry (P = .046). During placement of a rubber dam, significantly less pain was reported by the patients (P = .005) and observed by the assessor (Face [P = .005], Cry [P = .029], and Movement [P = 0.028]) when the VR goggles were used.
CONCLUSIONS
VR can decrease pain perception during rubber dam placement in children, but it has limited benefit during administration of local anaesthesia.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Cross-Over Studies; Eye Protective Devices; Pain; Pain Perception; Virtual Reality; Rubber Dams; Pediatric Dentistry; Anesthesia, Local; Dental Care for Children
PubMed: 35940954
DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.06.003 -
The Journal of Clinical Pediatric... Jul 2023This review aims to summarize and analyze previous studies that evaluated the clinical efficiency, patient satisfaction, and future preference of Isolite System... (Review)
Review
This review aims to summarize and analyze previous studies that evaluated the clinical efficiency, patient satisfaction, and future preference of Isolite System Isolation (ISI) and DryShield System Isolation (DSI) and compare them to other forms of isolation during dental treatment in children. Both authors independently searched engines using the keywords "Isolite", "Vacuum", "DryShield" and their combinations in March 2022. The inclusion criteria included peer-reviewed articles written in English and clinical trials that assessed the clinical efficiency, patient satisfaction, and future preference of ISI or DSI during dental treatment on healthy unaffected children and compared it to other isolation systems such as rubber dam and cotton roll. A total of five articles were included, and data were extracted by both authors independently and compiled into one single table.Five clinical trials were identified. The use of both ISI and DSI systems is associated with more noise, requires less chair time, is more comfortable, and is preferred by more children than rubber dam or cotton ball isolation.The review reports promising results in clinical efficiency, patient satisfaction, and future preference for both Isolite and DryShield isolation systems. Both systems require less chair time and were preferred by pediatric patients for future dental treatment when compared to both rubber dam and cotton roll isolation systems. Less fluid leaking and gagging reflex were reported when compared to cotton roll isolation. When compared to rubber dam isolation, they were associated with less discomfort.
Topics: Humans; Child; Patient Satisfaction; Rubber Dams; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Composite Resins
PubMed: 37408340
DOI: 10.22514/jocpd.2023.029 -
Cureus Apr 2024There are unfavorable opinions connected with rubber dam isolation amongst dental students during adhesive restorative treatments. The aim of this study was to...
PURPOSE
There are unfavorable opinions connected with rubber dam isolation amongst dental students during adhesive restorative treatments. The aim of this study was to investigate the various barriers to practicing rubber dam isolation during dental procedures and provide necessary insight towards implementation of rubber dam among undergraduate dental students in Jazan.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A pre-validated questionnaire in English entitled Rubber Dam Isolation Survey (E-RDIS) based on the Capability Opportunity Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model of behavioral change wheel was responded by 226 university dental students.
RESULTS
The satisfaction of training was highest among sixth year students (Mean=3.57, p<0.001). Fourth year dental students scored higher in the capability (Mean=3.18) and were more highly motivated to use rubber dams (Mean=4.21). Third year students were more likely to use rubber dams in anterior teeth (Mean=3.52) whereas fourth year students use rubber dam in posterior teeth (Mean=3.74). Lack of motivation was found to be the significant barrier influencing rubber dam usage (odds ratio (OR)=12.1; 3.74, p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
The satisfaction with training differed among the students of different years. The rubber dam technique might be used more frequently if it were made clear to students that mastering it would be necessary for them to receive good grades.
PubMed: 38752044
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58329 -
British Dental Journal May 2021The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a major impact on the provision of dental care. The 'new normal' in primary and secondary care is to apply specific...
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a major impact on the provision of dental care. The 'new normal' in primary and secondary care is to apply specific measures to reduce the potential impact of aerosol generating exposure (AGE), for example, use of appropriate personal protective equipment and fallow time after aerosol generating procedures. The use of dental dam is essential to reduce the degree of AGE and also potentially reduce fallow time.
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Rubber Dams; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 34050295
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-021-3016-x -
Journal of Endodontics Jun 2020In late 2019, an outbreak of a new coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was detected in Wuhan, China. A great percentage of patients with...
INTRODUCTION
In late 2019, an outbreak of a new coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was detected in Wuhan, China. A great percentage of patients with this disease developed symptoms of dry cough, malaise, and a high fever. During this time, several patients requiring assessment and treatment of endodontic emergencies were directed to the School and Hospital of Stomatology at Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. We examined the characteristics of these patients.
METHODS
A total of 96 patients with a mean age of 42.24 ± 18.32 years visited the general and emergency department of the School and Hospital of Stomatology at Wuhan University because of endodontic emergencies during the peak period of February 22 to March 2, 2020. Patient information was collected and organized by date of visit, sex, age, and systemic disease history. Body temperature was measured and acquired for each patient, a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemiologic investigation questionnaire was given to each patient, an endodontic diagnosis was determined for the offending tooth, and a verbal numerical rating scale (VNRS) was used to record pain levels.
RESULTS
Of the total patient visits during this period, 50.26% of visits were for endodontic treatment. No patients had a fever (>37.2°C). One patient with a confirmed COVID-19 history was admitted after recovery. Three admitted patients had been exposed to confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients. Twelve admitted patients (12.5%) with a mean age of 62.42 ± 13.77 years had a history of systemic diseases. The most common age group for endodontic emergencies was 45-64 years (30.21%), and patients of this group showed a significantly higher mean VNRS score compared with that of the 6- to 19-year age group and the 20- to 34-year age group (P < .05). The majority of endodontic emergency diagnoses were diseases of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (53.10%). Patients who were diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis, symptomatic apical periodontitis, and acute apical abscess showed a significantly higher mean VNRS score than that of other groups (P < .05).
CONCLUSIONS
Endodontic emergencies, with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis being the most common, consist of a much higher proportion of dental emergencies in a COVID-19 high-risk area than normally. Vital pulp therapy can advantageously reduce treatment time, resulting in a reduced risk of infection for vital pulp cases. Rubber dams, personal protective equipment, and patient screening are of great importance during the COVID-19 outbreak in protecting clinicians.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; China; Coronavirus Infections; Emergency Service, Hospital; Emergency Treatment; Endodontics; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; Pulpitis; SARS-CoV-2; Young Adult
PubMed: 32360053
DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.04.001 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2021this study aimed at finding out current practice of endodontics amongst Nigerian dentists undergoing postgraduate training (also referred to as dental resident doctors)...
INTRODUCTION
this study aimed at finding out current practice of endodontics amongst Nigerian dentists undergoing postgraduate training (also referred to as dental resident doctors) in different institutions across the nation.
METHODS
a questionnaire-based, cross sectional study was conducted amongst dentists undergoing postgraduate training. Questions were asked on demographics, protocol for root canal treatment (RCT), materials employed in different stages. Opinions were also sought on satisfaction with their practice and training needs in endodontics. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 20.0 and presented as tables and charts. Significance level was set at p≤0.05.
RESULTS
ninety dentists undergoing postgraduate training (57 males and 33 females) with mean age of 34.81 ± 5.9 years participated in the study. Root canal treatment was mostly done in multiple visits in both single and multi-rooted teeth (p=0.01), only about 15% performed the procedure on multi rooted teeth. Sixty-five (72.2%) never used Rubber dam, stainless steel files were being used by 69%, step down technique of preparation by 53.9% and Sodium hypochlorite was the major irrigant (80%) used. Obturation was majorly with Cold lateral compaction technique (94%), 57.2% delayed definitive restoration for maximum of 1 week and amalgam was still the major material used for posterior teeth as reported by 62.9% of the participants. The majority (55.6%) were not satisfied with their current knowledge and practice and most were those that did not have good undergraduate training (p = 0.05).
CONCLUSION
the practice of endodontics needs standardization across the nation as it is being advocated in other countries. There is need for hands on-training on endodontics to encourage adoption of new advances in technology, as well as improve the training of postgraduate dentists in endodontics. Also, emphasis should be placed on use of rubber dam in order to minimize the spread of infection and protect the patients from aspiration of small instruments involved in endodontic procedure.
Topics: Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dentists; Education, Dental, Graduate; Endodontics; Female; Humans; Male; Nigeria; Root Canal Therapy; Rubber Dams; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34630830
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.39.218.23205 -
British Dental Journal Jul 2020
Topics: Practice Patterns, Dentists'; Rubber Dams
PubMed: 32651492
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-020-1913-z -
Cureus Oct 2022Angioedema is the diffuse edematous swelling of the soft tissues that most commonly involves the submucosal and subcutaneous connective tissues. It can also affect the...
Angioedema is the diffuse edematous swelling of the soft tissues that most commonly involves the submucosal and subcutaneous connective tissues. It can also affect the connective tissues of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. The most common pathogenesis is the degranulation of mast cells, leading to histamine release and increased vascular permeability. The immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated hypersensitivity reactions are triggered by foods, preservatives such as sodium benzoate used in peanut butter, dust, drugs like angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) like captopril, enalapril, lisinopril and pollens, and contact allergies started by prolonged contact with dental rubber dams and cosmetics. Hereditary factors such as quantitative reduction of C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) deficiency and dysfunctional C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) are also postulated in its etiopathogenesis. In addition, lymphoproliferative disorders, bacterial or viral infections, lupus erythematosus, and minor trauma from dental procedures may precipitate an angioedema attack.
PubMed: 36381703
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30142 -
Patient Safety in Surgery Jan 2021Accidental ingestion of a dental bur during the dental procedure is a rare, but a potentially serious complication. Early recognition and foreign body retrieval is...
BACKGROUND
Accidental ingestion of a dental bur during the dental procedure is a rare, but a potentially serious complication. Early recognition and foreign body retrieval is essential to prevent adverse patient outcomes.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 76-year old male patient, presented to the department with a chief complaint of sensitivity in his upper right back tooth due to attrition. After assessing the pulp status, root canal therapy was planned for the tooth. During the procedure, it was noticed that the dental bur slipped out of the hand piece and the patient had accidentally ingested it. The patient was conscious and had no trouble while breathing at the time of ingestion of the bur although he had mild cough which lasted for a short duration. The dental procedure was aborted immediately and the patient was taken to the hospital for emergency care. The presence and location of the dental bur was confirmed using chest and abdominal x-rays and it was subsequently retrieved by esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) procedure under general anaesthesia on the same day as a part of the emergency procedure. The analysis of this case reaffirms the importance of the use of physical barriers such as rubber dams and gauze screens as precautionary measures to prevent such incidents from occurring.
CONCLUSION
Ingestion of instruments are uncertain and hazardous complications to encounter during a dental procedure. The need for physical barrier like rubber dam is mandatory for all dental procedures. However, the dentist should be well trained to handle such medical emergencies and reassure the patient by taking them into confidence. Each incident encountered should be thoroughly documented to supply adequate guidance for treatment aspects. This would fulfil the professional responsibilities of the dentist/ clinician and may help avoid possible legal and ethical issues. This case report emphasizes on the need for the usage of physical barriers during dental procedures in order to avoid medical emergencies.
PubMed: 33402200
DOI: 10.1186/s13037-020-00273-3 -
Clinical Oral Investigations May 2022During the corona pandemic, dental practices temporarily closed their doors to patients except for emergency treatments. Due to the daily occupational exposure, the risk...
OBJECTIVES
During the corona pandemic, dental practices temporarily closed their doors to patients except for emergency treatments. Due to the daily occupational exposure, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission among dentists and their team is presumed to be higher than that in the general population. This study examined this issue among dental teams across Germany.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In total, 2784 participants provided usable questionnaires and dry blood samples. Dry blood samples were used to detect IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. The questionnaires were analyzed to investigate demographic data and working conditions during the pandemic. Multivariable logistic mixed-effects models were applied.
RESULTS
We observed 146 participants with positive SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies (5.2%) and 30 subjects with a borderline finding (1.1%). Seventy-four out of the 146 participants with SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies did not report a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test (50.7%), while 27 participants without SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies reported a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test (1.1%). Combining the laboratory and self-reported information, the number of participants with a SARS-CoV-2 infection was 179 (6.5%). Though after adjustment for region, mixed-effects models indicated associations of use of rubber dams (OR 1.65; 95% CI: 1.01-2.72) and the number of protective measures (OR 1.16; 95% CI: 1.01-1.34) with increased risk for positive SARS-CoV-2 status, none of those variables was significantly associated with a SARS-CoV-2 status in fully adjusted models.
CONCLUSIONS
The risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission was not higher among the dental team compared to the general population.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Following hygienic regulations and infection control measures ensures the safety of the dental team and their patients.
Topics: COVID-19; Germany; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Prevalence; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 35015149
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04363-z