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Journal of Pain Research 2021Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain is one of the most common causes of low back pain, accounting for 15 to 30% of all cases. Although SIJ dysfunction accounts for a large... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain is one of the most common causes of low back pain, accounting for 15 to 30% of all cases. Although SIJ dysfunction accounts for a large portion of chronic low back pain prevalence, it is often overlooked or under diagnosed and subsequently under treated. The purpose of this review was to establish a best practices model to effectively diagnose SIJ pain through detailed history, physical exam, review of imaging, and diagnostic block.
METHODS
A literature search was performed on the diagnosis of sacroiliac joint pain and sacroiliac joint dysfunction. The authors proposed diagnostic recommendations based upon the available literature and a detailed understanding of diagnosing SIJ pain.
RESULTS
The practitioner must focus on the history, location of pain, observed gait pattern, and perform key points of the physical exam including sacroiliac provocative maneuvers. If the patient exhibits at least three provocative maneuvers then the SIJ may be considered as a possible source of pain. Additionally, a thorough review of the imaging should be performed to rule out other etiologies of low back pain. In the absence of any pathognomonic tests or examination findings, diagnostic SIJ blocks have evolved as the diagnostic standard.
CONCLUSION
The diagnosis of SIJ pain is a multifaceted process that involves a careful assessment including differentiating other pain generators in the region. This involves careful history taking, appropriate physical examination including provocative maneuvers and diagnostic injections. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, long-term solutions may be considered, including recent advances in sacral lateral branch denervation and sacroiliac joint fusion.
PubMed: 34675642
DOI: 10.2147/JPR.S327351 -
African Journal of Paediatric Surgery :... 2022Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is one of the common malignant soft-tissue sarcomas affecting children. It originates from the embryonic mesenchyme precursor of striated muscle...
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is one of the common malignant soft-tissue sarcomas affecting children. It originates from the embryonic mesenchyme precursor of striated muscle and is frequently seen in the head-and-neck region, genitourinary system and extremities. Occasionally, it arises from the retroperitoneum, biliary tract and abdomen and is rarely seen in the sacrococcygeal area. A 4-month-male child presented with a nodule over the sacrum. Based on histopathology and immunohistochemical marker studies, a final diagnosis of RMS was rendered. There was no evidence of any teratomatous elements.
Topics: Child; Humans; Male; Rhabdomyosarcoma; Sacrococcygeal Region; Soft Tissue Neoplasms; Teratoma
PubMed: 36018208
DOI: 10.4103/ajps.ajps_69_21