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Frontiers in Public Health 2022Entrepreneurship is a key indicator of not only personal growth but also economic growth by proposing a solution to worldwide problem of unemployment. The main purpose...
Entrepreneurship is a key indicator of not only personal growth but also economic growth by proposing a solution to worldwide problem of unemployment. The main purpose of this study is to measure the role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and expectancy-value belief in digital economy among the students enrolled in universities of China. In this study quantitative approach was used for measuring the impact of entrepreneurial self-efficacy for achieving the entrepreneurial success along with expectancy-value belief wih the support of theories of entrepreneurial self-efficacy theory and achievement goal theory. The population frame for this study is the students of universities enrolled in degrees in China who were selected for data analysis through convenience sampling. The sample size for the study was 324. The data for the study has been analyzed using Smart-PLS software. The current study has been a contribution to the literature by measuring the role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy in entrepreneurial intentions, expectancy-value belief, and the entrepreneurial success and ultimate role in attaining the digital economy. The study has found that in this digital era, entrepreneurial success and expectancy-value belief are significantly predicted by entrepreneurial self-efficacy which in turn significantly predict the achievement of the digital economy in this progressing century. Furthermore, entrepreneurial success has been found to be an important mediator in the relationship between entrepreneurial self efficacy and digital economy for the present study. Moreover, entrepreneurial success has also significantly mediated the relationship of expectancy value belief and digital economy. This study is considerable for the universities in employing those study programs that help the motivated students in starting their businesses and such workshops should be made part of the curriculum to achieve their entrepreneurial goals and reach the expected success in entrepreneurship.
Topics: Entrepreneurship; Humans; Intention; Self Efficacy; Students; Universities
PubMed: 35284394
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.829289 -
Journal of Pediatric Health Care :... 2020Children with chronic illnesses and medical complexity (CIMC) require frequent health-care use, thereby increasing medical care costs. We evaluated parent-child...
INTRODUCTION
Children with chronic illnesses and medical complexity (CIMC) require frequent health-care use, thereby increasing medical care costs. We evaluated parent-child perceptions of self-management, self-efficacy, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children with CIMC.
METHOD
Parent-children pairs (n = 32) completed three measures before discharge from the hospital (Patient Activation Measure, Self-Efficacy Scale, and Acute Care-Pediatric Quality of Life for Children 8-12 and 13-17 years).
RESULTS
Parents (56.3%) and children (40.6%) reported moderate levels of self-management. HRQOL was correlated with both self-management (r = .441, p = .12) and self-efficacy (r = .464, p = .008). At least 25% to 50% reported low PedsQL subscale scores (< 70), which indicate problems with physical, emotional, social, and mental domains.
DISCUSSION
Our findings support the assessment of not only physical but also mental, emotional, and social needs in children with CIMC. We recommend development and testing strategies promoting self-management and self-efficacy to maximize HRQOL and improve health outcomes in children with CIMC.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Parents; Quality of Life; Self Efficacy; Self-Management
PubMed: 32107073
DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2019.11.009 -
Place Attachment and Household Disaster Preparedness: Examining the Mediation Role of Self-Efficacy.International Journal of Environmental... May 2021Household preparedness is essential for resilience-building and disaster risk reduction. Limited studies have explored the correlations between place attachment,...
Household preparedness is essential for resilience-building and disaster risk reduction. Limited studies have explored the correlations between place attachment, self-efficacy, and disaster preparedness, especially in the east Asian cultural context. This study investigates the mediating role of self-efficacy between place attachment and disaster preparedness based on data from the 2018 Shandong General Social Survey (N = 2181) in China. We categorized the preparedness behaviors into three specific clusters: material, behavioral and awareness preparedness. Multiple linear regressions and the Sobel Goodman tests were employed to estimate the correlations with the control of necessary confounding variables such as disaster experience, socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. The results demonstrate that both the place attachment and self-efficacy are correlated with higher degrees of overall preparedness and all three types of preparedness, and self-efficacy plays a mediating role between place attachment and disaster preparedness. These findings highlight the importance of promoting place attachment and self-efficacy in the advocacies and outreach activities of disaster preparedness.
Topics: China; Disaster Planning; Disasters; Family Characteristics; Self Efficacy
PubMed: 34070983
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115565 -
International Journal of Environmental... Nov 2020Studies on the solitude capacity of university students have been extremely limited and failed to clearly illustrate the correlation of solitude capacity with internal...
Studies on the solitude capacity of university students have been extremely limited and failed to clearly illustrate the correlation of solitude capacity with internal psychological variables and the favorability of interpersonal relationships. The aim of this study was to explore the correlation of college students' solitude capacity with scores for self-esteem, self-efficacy, and interpersonal relationships. A cross-sectional study was adopted for this study. Data were collected from a university in southern Taiwan using a structured questionnaire, the content of which included demographic data and scores from the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE), the Interpersonal Relationship Scale (IRS), and the Solitude Capacity Scale (SCS). The final sample comprised 562 participants (mean age = 17.51 ± 1.27 years). Adjustment of the demographic variables yielded a significantly positive correlation in the total RSE and SCS ( < 0.01) scores and that in the total GSE and SCS ( < 0.01) scores. Moreover, the relationship with family (IRS subscale) and total SCS score ( < 0.05) exhibited a significant positive correlation. The findings of this study reveal that solitude capacity is significantly correlated with self-esteem, self-efficacy, and the favorability of family relationships.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Self Concept; Self Efficacy; Social Interaction; Students; Taiwan; Universities
PubMed: 33182478
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218274 -
Development and validation of scales for speaking self-efficacy: Constructs, sources, and relations.PloS One 2024Speaking is not a compulsory language skill assessed in the English subject of the National College Entrance Examination in China. This explains why, in elementary and...
Speaking is not a compulsory language skill assessed in the English subject of the National College Entrance Examination in China. This explains why, in elementary and secondary schools, less focus has been placed on the development of English-speaking abilities among Chinese students, resulting in their unbalanced mastery of language skills. Although self-efficacy is a crucial factor influencing students' language performance, our understanding of speaking self-efficacy is insufficient in terms of its construct, its sources, and the relationships between the two. We, therefore, constructed psychometrically sound instruments to measure speaking self-efficacy, including the EFL Speaking Self-Efficacy Scale (EFL-SSES) and the EFL Sources of Speaking Self-Efficacy Scale (EFL-SSSES), in accordance with Bandura's 1986 self-efficacy theory. Additionally, we performed path analysis to figure out the relationship between the construct and the sources of speaking self-efficacy. The results revealed the key role of physiological and emotional states and marginal importance of vicarious experience for speaking self-efficacy, advancing our grasp of self-efficacy theory in the speaking domain. Our research sheds valuable light on how to assist researchers and educators in identifying and enhancing students' speaking self-efficacy via a variety of sources.
Topics: Humans; Language; Schools; Students; Self Efficacy; Cognition
PubMed: 38285668
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297517 -
BMJ Open Jun 2022The current study examines the mediating roles of resilience and self-efficacy and the moderating role of gender in the association between neuroticism and psychological...
OBJECTIVES
The current study examines the mediating roles of resilience and self-efficacy and the moderating role of gender in the association between neuroticism and psychological distress in Chinese freshman nursing students (FNSs).
METHODS
A total of 1220 FNSs were enrolled from the Be Resilient to Nursing Career (ChiCTR2000038693) Programme and the following instruments were administered to them: NEO Five-Factor Inventory, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. A moderated mediation analysis and a generalised additive model analysis were performed.
RESULTS
The direct and indirect effects of neuroticism on psychological distress were significantly mediated by self-efficacy (B = 0.200, 95% CI 0.001 to 0.039), resilience (B = 0.021, 95% CI 0.007 to 0.038) and the interaction between self-efficacy and resilience (B = 0.016, 95% CI 0.005 to 0.028). The interactions between neuroticism and gender (β = 0.102, 95% CI 0.001 to 0.203, p<0.05) and between resilience and gender were significant (β = 0.160, 95% CI 0.045 to 0.275, p<0.01). A non-linear and positive association was confirmed between neuroticism and psychological distress.
CONCLUSIONS
Self-efficacy and resilience significantly mediate the relationship between neuroticism and psychological distress. Gender moderates the relationships between neuroticism and resilience and between resilience and psychological distress.
Topics: China; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Neuroticism; Psychological Distress; Resilience, Psychological; Self Efficacy; Students, Nursing
PubMed: 35697443
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059704 -
PloS One 2021While research has focused on understanding teachers' attitudes towards the inclusion of children with special educational needs into general education classrooms, there...
BACKGROUND
While research has focused on understanding teachers' attitudes towards the inclusion of children with special educational needs into general education classrooms, there are lacunae that have yet to be addressed. This study examined the association between perceived self-efficacy and attitudes towards inclusion among elementary school teachers. The study also examined the role of teachers' self-efficacy as a mediating variable between knowledge of inclusion policy, perception of school support and teachers' attitudes towards inclusion.
METHODS
Teachers (N = 352) working in general or special education schools completed questionnaires assessing attitudes towards inclusion, sense of self-efficacy, knowledge of current policy, and perception of support for inclusive practices.
RESULTS
Higher perceived knowledge of inclusion policy and higher perceived school support of inclusion were both related to higher self-efficacy regarding inclusion, which, in turn, was related to more positive attitudes about inclusion.
CONCLUSION
Our results suggest that point to being knowledgeable regarding local and national policy is important in order to increase feelings of self-efficacy regarding the implementation of effective educational practice. To enhance inclusion, local and national policy must be clearly communicated to teachers. Furthermore, leadership and a supportive school environment are conducive to successful inclusive education.
Topics: Attitude; Child; Education, Special; Humans; Male; School Teachers; Schools; Self Efficacy
PubMed: 34543328
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257657 -
Applied Nursing Research : ANR Oct 2023The aims of this study were to develop a self-efficacy enhancement program and to evaluate its effect on cognitive function, dementia knowledge, self-efficacy,... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE
The aims of this study were to develop a self-efficacy enhancement program and to evaluate its effect on cognitive function, dementia knowledge, self-efficacy, depression, and dementia preventive behaviors in older adults (age ≥ 65 years) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
METHODS
This equivalent control group pretest-posttest study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Seoul, South Korea. Older adults with MCI were randomly allocated to an experimental (EG, n = 16) or control group (CG, n = 16). The EG underwent an 8-week intervention (weekly 60-min session) utilizing self-efficacy enhancement strategies; the CG received usual care. The intervention was comprised of physical, cognitive, and emotional activities and was followed by 4-week maintenance during which both groups engaged in self-learning at home with a dementia preventive guidebook. Outcome data were evaluated at the pretest and 8, 10, and 12 weeks later. This study adhered to the CONSORT guidelines.
RESULTS
There were significant differences in cognitive function, dementia knowledge, self-efficacy, and dementia preventive behaviors, but not in depression between the two groups over the time. Regarding cognitive function subdomains, significant differences were observed in visuospatial/executive, attention, language, and delayed recall.
CONCLUSION
The integrated intervention consisting of physical, cognitive, and emotional activities was effective in improving cognitive function, dementia knowledge, self-efficacy, and dementia preventive behaviors. This suggests that this program can be utilized as an educational program to prevent dementia in older adults with MCI in dementia support centers, public health centers, clinics, and hospitals.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
KCT0006094 in the Clinical Research Information Service. Retrospectively registered 23 April 2021, https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/listDetail.do.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Self Efficacy; Cognitive Dysfunction; Cognition; Tertiary Care Centers; Dementia
PubMed: 37722794
DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2023.151726 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jun 2021The current rapid development demands educators to possess innovative behaviour. Presently, in the environment of rapid technological growth and borderless global...
BACKGROUND
The current rapid development demands educators to possess innovative behaviour. Presently, in the environment of rapid technological growth and borderless global communication, teachers with innovative behaviour are capable of facing each painful challenge that confronts the education system; therefore, it is essential to understand the factors influencing the innovative behaviour of teachers.
PURPOSE
To identify the influence of teachers' self-efficacy and school administrators' transformational leadership practices on teachers' innovative behaviour.
METHOD
A quantitative approach using a cross-sectional survey design with a sample of 1415 teachers from four states in Malaysia, and the data were statistically analysed using SPSS version 26.0 for Windows™ (IBM Corporation, New York, NY, USA).
RESULT
Multiple Regression Analysis found that teachers' self-efficacy and school administrators' transformational leadership practices both had a significant influence on teachers' innovative behaviour by contributing 47.0% of the variance in teachers' innovative behaviour.
CONCLUSION
The findings suggested that teachers' self-efficacy and school administrators' transformational leadership practices both play a role in influencing teachers' innovative behaviour. Therefore, the stakeholders need to consider the aspects of self-efficacy and transformational leadership practices of school administrators in drafting policies and related programmes to improve teachers' innovative behaviour.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Leadership; Malaysia; New York; School Teachers; Schools; Self Efficacy
PubMed: 34198506
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126423 -
BMC Medical Education Jun 2022Self-efficacy is crucial in improving medical students' communication skills. This study aims to clarify where medical students' self-efficacy is greatest following an...
BACKGROUND
Self-efficacy is crucial in improving medical students' communication skills. This study aims to clarify where medical students' self-efficacy is greatest following an interview with a simulated patient and subsequent feedback.
METHODS
A total of 162 medical students (109 men, 53 women) in their fourth or fifth year at a university in Japan participated in this study. The degree of self-efficacy in medical interviewing was measured before and after a medical interview with a simulated patient, and after the subsequent feedback session.
RESULTS
ANOVA analysis revealed that self-efficacy for medical interviews was higher after both the interview and the feedback session than before the interview. Among all three time points, self-efficacy was highest after the feedback session.
CONCLUSIONS
Feedback following a simulated interview with a simulated patient is important to improve the self-efficacy of medical students when learning medical interviewing skills.
Topics: Clinical Competence; Communication; Education, Medical, Undergraduate; Feedback; Female; Humans; Japan; Male; Self Efficacy; Students, Medical
PubMed: 35672701
DOI: 10.1186/s12909-022-03512-6