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Journal of Health Psychology Mar 2021We examined the interaction between shared illness appraisal and self-efficacy among couples in which one partner was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes ( = 199). We...
We examined the interaction between shared illness appraisal and self-efficacy among couples in which one partner was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes ( = 199). We hypothesized that the relation between self-efficacy and health would be weakened under conditions of shared rather than individual appraisal. Multiple regression analyses demonstrated that partner shared illness appraisal interacted with the self-efficacy of the person with type 1 diabetes to predict overall psychological distress and daily diabetes stressors in the predicted direction. Plots of the interactions suggest that partner appraisal of diabetes as shared buffers individuals with lower levels of self-efficacy from poorer health.
Topics: Adult; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Humans; Self Efficacy; Stress, Psychological
PubMed: 30557077
DOI: 10.1177/1359105318817895 -
Journal of Patient-reported Outcomes Feb 2023Self-efficacy is important for managing chronic conditions; however, its measurement in pediatric healthcare settings remains rare. The goal of this project was to adapt...
PURPOSE
Self-efficacy is important for managing chronic conditions; however, its measurement in pediatric healthcare settings remains rare. The goal of this project was to adapt an existing disease-agnostic adult self-efficacy patient reported outcome (PRO) measure to enhance suitability of items for measuring the self-efficacy of parents that manage their children's health conditions.
METHODS
We adapted the existing Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System® (PROMIS®) adult self-efficacy healthcare measure to parental voice. First, a targeted literature review informed rephrasing of the adult items and identification of new pediatric-specific content. The initial item pool was revised based on input from 12 multidisciplinary experts. Next cognitive interviews of adapted items were simultaneously conducted with English and Spanish-speaking parents of pediatric patients with a range of chronic and/or disabling conditions recruited from a Midwestern children's hospital to finalize the measure.
RESULTS
Findings resulted in an initial item pool of 33 pediatric-specific items which were narrowed to 31 draft items based on expert input. Parent cognitive interview findings (N = 26) informed further item reduction resulting in a final measure consisting of 30 items representing nine domains. Fourteen items are relevant to children regardless of condition severity (e.g., health care information/decision making; symptom identification/management) and 16 items are relevant to children with specific health care needs (e.g., medication usage, equipment).
CONCLUSION
We conducted a first step in developing a condition-agnostic, PRO measure of parental self-efficacy managing their children's chronic and/or disabling conditions that is acceptable and understandable to English and Spanish-speaking parents.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Child; Self Efficacy; Parents; Chronic Disease
PubMed: 36735145
DOI: 10.1186/s41687-023-00549-z -
International Journal of Environmental... Jun 2022The individual and collective perception of self-efficacy in clown therapists is fundamental in order to be able to be active, restrained, energetic and defocused, if...
The individual and collective perception of self-efficacy in clown therapists is fundamental in order to be able to be active, restrained, energetic and defocused, if necessary, without being overwhelmed by any problems patients might have. The present study evaluated both the incidence of motivational and dispositional functions on the level of perceived self-efficacy with a sample of 259 Italian clown therapists who were administered , the and the . The significance of a hierarchical linear regression model of perceived self-efficacy was tested. The results showed that the value orientation of the operators mainly influenced the level of perceived self-efficacy, that is, the search for actions with a high social meaning, rather than the orientation towards situations and experiences that allow one to expand one's knowledge and promote one's own person. Profiles with higher perceived self-efficacy were associated with the trait of dynamism and conscientiousness, while a person's vulnerability was found to be a significant negative predictor of self-efficacy. An additional significant predictor was the experience of the clown therapist. The results of the study also showed a positive and functional role of the synergy conferred by teamwork. The group mitigates the emotional difficulties of the individual and supports him/her by orienting him/her technically and compensating for any inexperience in the field of animation in sensitive contexts, such as hospital wards with serious and vulnerable patients, such as children.
Topics: Child; Female; Humans; Male; Motivation; Personality; Personality Inventory; Self Efficacy; Volunteers
PubMed: 35742307
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127058 -
Nursing Open Mar 2022To examine telephone nurses' perceived stress, self-efficacy and empathy in their work with answering calls from frequent callers.
AIM
To examine telephone nurses' perceived stress, self-efficacy and empathy in their work with answering calls from frequent callers.
DESIGN
The study is a quantitative questionnaire survey study with a comparative design.
METHODS
Telephone nurses (N = 199) answered a survey containing three instruments: Perceived Stress Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale and Jefferson's Scale of Empathy. Correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and analysis of variance were performed to test the research questions.
RESULTS
Significant negative correlations were found between stress involving calls from FCs and self-efficacy (r = -.238), and significant negative correlations between stress involving calls from frequent callers and empathy (r = -.185). It was further revealed that telephone nurses who had worked less than 30 years scored higher on Jefferson's Scale of empathy than those who had worked more than 30 years, F(1, 183) = 4.98, η = 0.027.
Topics: Empathy; Humans; Nurses; Self Efficacy; Stress, Psychological; Telephone
PubMed: 34528768
DOI: 10.1002/nop2.889 -
International Journal of Environmental... Sep 2021Anaesthesia and intensive care units are specific workplaces. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of the sense of self-efficacy and the intensification...
INTRODUCTION
Anaesthesia and intensive care units are specific workplaces. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of the sense of self-efficacy and the intensification of personality traits in a group of nurse anaesthetists and to develop a regression model explaining the sense of self-efficacy.
METHOD
The population of the questionnaire survey included nurse anaesthetists from five hospitals in south-eastern Poland. The NEO-FFI was used in assessing their personality traits. The general self-efficacy scale was employed for the self-efficacy assessment. A total of 143 correctly filled surveys were analyzed.
RESULTS
The respondents typically perceived their own self-efficacy level as upper moderate. The nurse anaesthetists participating in the study revealed a tendency to high scores in conscientiousness and extraversion, and low scores related to neuroticism. The persons characterized by high conscientiousness, extraversion and openness to experience revealed a tendency to high scores related to the sense of self-efficacy. The relationship between personality traits and experiencing the nuisance of selected stressful job factors was demonstrated. Regression analysis showed that conscientiousness and extraversion are most closely related to the sense of self-efficacy.
CONCLUSIONS
It seems to be beneficial to implement occupational consulting for nurses, who are starting their work or/and taking into consideration working in anesthesiology and intensive care units. The importance of personality traits and self- efficacy in relation with well-being of medical personnel needs deeper investigations.
Topics: Humans; Nurse Anesthetists; Personality; Personality Inventory; Self Efficacy; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34501972
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179381 -
Journal of Pediatric Psychology Jan 2021Prior research identified peer use as a salient risk factor of adolescent electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use, but has not expanded on the mechanisms of this...
OBJECTIVE
Prior research identified peer use as a salient risk factor of adolescent electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use, but has not expanded on the mechanisms of this association.
METHODS
Participants were 562 adolescents recruited from rural and suburban public high schools and an adolescent medicine clinic in the mid-Atlantic United States. Participants completed a packet of questionnaires that assessed demographics, substance use, expectations about the consequences of e-cigarette use, and perceptions of their own self-efficacy to resist using e-cigarettes. We estimated a series of mediation models using the MODEL INDIRECT command in MPLUS statistical software. In all models, significance of indirect effects from peer e-cigarette use to self-reported e-cigarette use were tested via two variables: (a) expected costs, (b) benefits of e-cigarette use, and (c) the perceived self-efficacy of the individual to refrain from e-cigarette use.
RESULTS
Adolescents with more peers using e-cigarettes were more likely to have ever used an e-cigarette and perceived greater benefits and fewer costs, which was associated with a reduced self-efficacy to refrain from e-cigarette smoking (Model 1). Those with more peers using e-cigarettes were more likely to be currently using e-cigarettes themselves because they perceived greater benefits and fewer costs, which was associated with a reduced self-efficacy to refrain from e-cigarette smoking (Model 2).
CONCLUSION
Peer use, self-efficacy to resist use, and expectations of cost and benefits of e-cigarette use should be considered as possible targets when devising tailored interventions and policies to prevent or reduce negative health consequences of long-term e-cigarette use.
Topics: Adolescent; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems; Humans; Peer Group; Self Efficacy; Surveys and Questionnaires; Vaping
PubMed: 33120416
DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsaa097 -
PloS One 2023The present study examines racial, ethnic, and gender disparities in career self-efficacy amongst 6077 US citizens and US naturalized graduate and postdoctoral trainees....
The present study examines racial, ethnic, and gender disparities in career self-efficacy amongst 6077 US citizens and US naturalized graduate and postdoctoral trainees. Respondents from biomedical fields completed surveys administered by the National Institutes of Health Broadening Experiences in Scientific Training (NIH BEST) programs across 17 US institutional sites. Graduate and postdoctoral demographic and survey response data were examined to evaluate the impact of intersectional identities on trainee career self-efficacy. The study hypothesized that race, ethnicity and gender, and the relations between these identities, would impact trainee career self-efficacy. The analysis demonstrated that racial and ethnic group, gender, specific career interests (academic principal investigator vs. other careers), and seniority (junior vs. senior trainee level) were, to various degrees, all associated with trainee career self-efficacy and the effects were consistent across graduate and postdoctoral respondents. Implications for differing levels of self-efficacy are discussed, including factors and events during training that may contribute to (or undermine) career self-efficacy. The importance of mentorship for building research and career self-efficacy of trainees is discussed, especially with respect to those identifying as women and belonging to racial/ethnic populations underrepresented in biomedical sciences. The results underscore the need for change in the biomedical academic research community in order to retain a diverse biomedical workforce.
Topics: United States; Female; Humans; Self Efficacy; Biomedical Research; Ethnicity; Health Facilities; Intersectional Framework
PubMed: 36857379
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280608 -
Health Literacy Research and Practice Oct 2021Intercultural competence (ICC) and health literacy (HL) are vital components of patient education. The purpose of this study was to determine if an educational...
Intercultural competence (ICC) and health literacy (HL) are vital components of patient education. The purpose of this study was to determine if an educational intervention that combined ICC and HL was effective at changing second-year nursing students' self-efficacy, beliefs, and knowledge. A total of 157 second-year nursing students in two different programs participated in pre- and post-surveys consisting of the Transcultural Self-Efficacy Tool and Health Literacy Beliefs and Knowledge survey. Students attended a two-part lecture with a moderated panel on ICC and health literacy and began clinical fieldwork. Results were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Pearson correlation. There was a statistically significant difference in all ICC subscales after an educational intervention and clinical fieldwork (cognitive = 7.681, < .001; practical = 7.319, < .001; affective = 6.533, < .001). HL knowledge and belief measures showed statistically significant difference after the intervention ( = 3.037, < .001). There was a statistically significant correlation between intercultural self-efficacy and HL beliefs (Pearson's = .486, < .001). Self-efficacy in ICC and beliefs and knowledge in HL increased over time for nursing students, indicating that it may be beneficial to train students about these two constructs simultaneously. .
Topics: Clinical Competence; Educational Measurement; Health Literacy; Humans; Self Efficacy; Students, Nursing
PubMed: 34617837
DOI: 10.3928/24748307-20210908-02 -
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical... Oct 2022This survey assesses cancer patients' etiological concepts, lifestyle choices, use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and self-efficacy, as well as...
PURPOSE
This survey assesses cancer patients' etiological concepts, lifestyle choices, use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and self-efficacy, as well as associations between those. It aims to find patterns which may facilitate communication and understanding between patients and physicians.
METHODS
353 oncological patients attending lectures on CAM answered a questionnaire. Correlations were examined and an exploratory factor analysis conducted to identify comprehensive lay-etiological concepts among a list of potential carcinogenic factors.
RESULTS
Patients considered scientifically proven agents as well as other non-carcinogenic influences to be responsible for their disease. An exploratory factor analysis yielded vague indications of possible underlying concepts but factors tend to include items that do not fit the pattern in terms of content. Higher self-efficacy correlated with healthy diet and sports, but not with use of CAM. No conclusive correlations emerged between lay-aetiological concepts and most other variables, but we found a tendency for higher self-efficacy among patients who assigned higher carcinogenic effects to tobacco and lower carcinogenic effects to fasting and physical trauma.
CONCLUSION
Interest in CAM can arise for many reasons that are not necessarily related to self-efficacy. Lay-aetiological concepts of cancer differ significantly from scientific ones. They are complex and presumably highly individualistic. Their connection to use of CAM methods, lifestyle choices and self-efficacy should be explored in more detail. Patient information and communication with clinicians need to address cancer patients' individual aetiological concepts to further patient's understanding not only of their diagnosis but also of the treatment as well.
Topics: Communication; Complementary Therapies; Humans; Life Style; Neoplasms; Self Efficacy; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34812932
DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03857-3 -
Journal of Traumatic Stress Feb 2022Clinicians' self-efficacy with regard to delivering evidence-based interventions (EBIs) to youth is an important target for both improving EBI use in the community and...
Clinicians' self-efficacy with regard to delivering evidence-based interventions (EBIs) to youth is an important target for both improving EBI use in the community and mitigating the risk of clinician burnout and turnover. Examining predictors of clinician self-efficacy to treat trauma-exposed youth is, therefore, an important step for informing the design of implementation strategies to enhance the mental health workforce's capacity to deliver EBIs in this population. We examined predictors of clinician self-efficacy in working with trauma-exposed youth in a sample of practicing mental health clinicians (N = 258, M age = 34.4 years, 85.0% female). Clinicians were recruited and surveyed as part of a larger study examining how clients' exposure to potentially traumatic events influences clinician decision-making. Results of regression models indicated that training in any trauma treatment model, being trained via a variety of formats (e.g., in-person training, online, supervision), and training in a variety of treatment models were all associated with higher perceived self-efficacy regarding effectively treating trauma-exposed youth. Of the treatment models and training formats examined, receiving in-person training, R = .10, and training in trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy, R = .10, were the strongest predictors of higher self-efficacy ratings. Clinician discipline, R = .04, and clinical practice factors, R = .20, were also related to self-efficacy. Collectively, the R indicated a large effect, with the predictors explaining 25.4% of the variance in self-efficacy ratings. Implications for designing implementation strategies targeting clinician self-efficacy and future research are discussed.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Female; Humans; Male; Mental Health; Self Efficacy; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
PubMed: 34048094
DOI: 10.1002/jts.22688