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International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2021Studies of the Spanish adolescent population has concluded that victimization is related to lack of emotional regulation and impulse control. Therefore, if a victim is...
Studies of the Spanish adolescent population has concluded that victimization is related to lack of emotional regulation and impulse control. Therefore, if a victim is unable to recognize, understand and regulate their emotions, this can result in rejection by their peers. A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine regulatory emotional self-efficacy as a possible mediator in the association between peer and parents attachment and victimization. Adolescents ( = 563) completed Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy, Inventory of Parents and Peer Attachment and Kid at School questionnaires. Structural equation models (SEMs) were used to predict a latent variable of victimization with parents and peer attachment, emphasizing the mediating role of regulatory emotional self-efficacy, as comprised by a positive and a negative aspect. Results showed that peer attachment had an indirect negative effect, through perceived self-efficacy, in managing a positive effect in victimization, while father attachment had an indirect negative affect, through perceived self-efficacy, in managing a negative affect in victimization, and Mother attachment had no statistically significant indirect effect in victimization. This study suggests that the roles of parents and peers, and also between mothers and fathers, are different in relation to the perception of victimization of adolescents. Findings provide relevant information regarding implications for prevention and intervention in victimization.
Topics: Adolescent; Bullying; Crime Victims; Cross-Sectional Studies; Emotions; Female; Humans; Male; Peer Group; Self Efficacy
PubMed: 33672503
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18042062 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2023The risk of disasters and infectious diseases continues to persist in modern times. Children are a vulnerable group in disaster prevention and management due to their...
BACKGROUND
The risk of disasters and infectious diseases continues to persist in modern times. Children are a vulnerable group in disaster prevention and management due to their limited ability to cope on their own. Hence, the role and disaster preparedness capacity of early childhood teachers (ECTs) is vital for children's protection.
OBJECTIVES
This study aims to explore how ECTs can improve their personal resilience to adapt to and overcome disasters as part of early childhood education and care (ECEC). To this end, this study examined the effects of ECTs' self-efficacy, resilience, disaster awareness, COVID-19 stress, and work-related stress on their disaster preparedness.
RESULTS
According to the outcomes of disaster preparedness of ECTs based on their general and job characteristics, full-time employees and principals scored significantly higher in work-related disaster preparedness (WrDP) compared to part-time workers and general and assistant teachers, respectively. Resilience and WrDP were identified as influencing factors of general disaster preparedness (GdP), with an explanatory power of 26.4%. GdP and self-efficacy were identified as influencing factors of WrDP, with an explanatory power of 25.7%.
DISCUSSION
According to the findings, ECTs' self-efficacy and GdP must be improved, followed by developing strategies to strengthen their resilience and WrDP. Doing so would ensure the safety and disaster preparedness of ECTs and infants who have low self-care capacity.
Topics: Child; Infant; Humans; Child, Preschool; Disaster Planning; Disasters; Self Efficacy; Employment; Students
PubMed: 38089018
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1249736 -
Brain and Behavior Jan 2023The objective of this study was to understand the effects of self-efficacy, self-esteem, and the degree of disability acceptance of people with physical disabilities...
PURPOSE
The objective of this study was to understand the effects of self-efficacy, self-esteem, and the degree of disability acceptance of people with physical disabilities living in COVID-19 pandemic on their social participation.
METHODS
Among the 4577 registered disabled people who participated in the 2nd wave of the Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled (PSED), 1682 people with physical disabilities who faithfully answered all the survey items were selected as the final study subjects. This study used the variables of social participation, self-efficacy, self-esteem, and disability acceptance, which were validated by experts' review and consulting and research at the Korea Employment Agency for Persons with Disability. Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to identify variables that could predict the social participation of the study subjects.
RESULTS
The self-efficacy, self-esteem, and the degree of disability acceptance of people with physical disabilities were positively correlated with social participation. The results of this study showed that self-efficacy, self-esteem, the degree of disability acceptance, economic activity, and education level explained 22.4% of social participation.
CONCLUSIONS
It was found that self-efficacy, self-esteem, and the degree of disability acceptance of people with physical disabilities were important variables affecting social participation. These psychoemotional variables shall be considered for intervention approaches to improve the social participation of people with physical disabilities in the future.
Topics: Humans; Self Efficacy; Social Participation; Pandemics; COVID-19; Disabled Persons
PubMed: 36448298
DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2824 -
BMC Primary Care May 2022Research self-efficacy is one of the crucial predictors of productively engaging in research activities emphasized by the Qatar National Vision 2030. Nevertheless,...
BACKGROUND
Research self-efficacy is one of the crucial predictors of productively engaging in research activities emphasized by the Qatar National Vision 2030. Nevertheless, studies typically focus on research self-efficacy among students, neglecting physicians, despite the importance of research as competency in continuous professional development. Therefore, the objective of our study is to understand the level of research self-efficacy among physicians and its determinants. METHODS: An analytical cross-sectional design was employed. We utilized an open survey through DACIMA Software that included questions related to Self-Efficacy in Research Measure (SERM) and possible determinants. One-hundred-twenty-two completed answers, and the response rate was 19.2%. Following descriptive analyses, a chi-square test was used to uncover the associations among variables, with significance set to p ≤ 0.05. Next, a logistic regression model was conducted to identify the predictors of a low research self-efficacy level. Finally, reliability and principal component analysis were applied on the SERM scale.
RESULTS
Three-quarters of the sample reported insufficient research self-efficacy. The sociodemographic and professional factors did not significantly associate with insufficient research self-efficacy. However, participation in clinical guidelines proved to be a determinant of sufficient research self-efficacy.
CONCLUSIONS
Physicians must be encouraged to participate in clinical guidelines to improve their research self-efficacy level.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Physicians; Primary Health Care; Qatar; Reproducibility of Results; Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators; Self Efficacy
PubMed: 35524163
DOI: 10.1186/s12875-022-01717-8 -
Scientific Reports Mar 2024Previous research has found that parenting style influences academic resilience. Nonetheless, few studies have focused on the mechanism underlying the relationship...
Previous research has found that parenting style influences academic resilience. Nonetheless, few studies have focused on the mechanism underlying the relationship between parenting style and academic resilience. This study aims to examine the relationship between adolescents' parenting style and academic resilience, drawing upon the framework of Social Cognitive Theory. Specifically, it wants to explore the mediating roles of self-efficacy and academic motivation in this relationship. The participants were 518 students chosen at random from educational institutions in the Chinese provinces of Zhejiang, Shanghai, and Jiangsu. Social Cognitive Theory was the theoretical foundation for the study, and the Parental Authority Questionnaire was used to measure parenting style. Out of the respondents, 55.5% were male and 45.5% female. The student allocation in the study sample was as follows: 62.34% undergraduate, 28.22% master's, and 9.44% PhD. More than 60% of participants were over 25 years old. Moreover, the findings revealed that parenting style was directly and positively related to academic resilience. Parenting style was also found to be indirectly and positively related to academic resilience via self-efficacy and academic motivation, respectively, and sequentially. More crucially, it was discovered that the direct association was far lower than the indirect effects, with self-efficacy being the most effective. The study indicates a relationship between parenting style and academic resilience in adolescents, with self-efficacy and academic motivation acting as the main mediators. These findings emphasize the significance of these intermediary elements, implying that they play a larger role than the direct influence of parenting style alone.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Female; Male; Adult; Parenting; Self Efficacy; Resilience, Psychological; China; Parents
PubMed: 38448465
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55530-7 -
Agri : Agri (Algoloji) Dernegi'nin... Apr 2022The aim of this study is to examine the Turkish validity and reliability of the Pain Management Self-Efficacy Ques-tionnaire (PMSEQ).
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study is to examine the Turkish validity and reliability of the Pain Management Self-Efficacy Ques-tionnaire (PMSEQ).
METHODS
The study was carried out descriptively and methodologically between September and December 2018 with 214 nurses and 248 nursing students. The data were collected using the descriptive characteristics form and the PMSEQ.
RESULTS
Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient was 0.90 in the total scale. In repeated measurements to test time reliability, there was no statistically significant difference between the two measurements (t=0.320, p=0.751), and there were a high power and positively highly significant relationship (r=0.997, p<0.001).
CONCLUSION
Turkish version of the PMSEQ can be used as a valid and reliable scale in assessing the self-efficacy of clinical nurses and nursing students in pain management.
Topics: Humans; Pain Management; Reproducibility of Results; Self Efficacy; Students, Nursing; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 35848809
DOI: 10.14744/agri.2022.35902 -
International Journal of Environmental... Sep 2021Death anxiety and loneliness are major issues for older people. The present study aimed to broaden the understanding of factors that are linked with increased loneliness...
Death anxiety and loneliness are major issues for older people. The present study aimed to broaden the understanding of factors that are linked with increased loneliness in old age by examining the association between death anxiety and loneliness, and the role of an unexplored variable among older adults, namely, parental self-efficacy. A convenience sample of 362 Israeli parents over the age of 65 was recruited through means of social media. Participants completed self-reported questionnaires, which included background characteristics, death anxiety, parental self-efficacy, and loneliness measures. The findings showed that death anxiety was positively associated with loneliness among older adults. The findings also confirmed that parental self-efficacy moderated this association in this population. We concluded that the combination of death anxiety and low parental self-efficacy identified a group of older adults that are at higher risk of developing increased loneliness levels. Mental health professionals should consider intergenerational relationships as a fundamental component of older adults' daily lives, focusing on parental self-efficacy in old age, as this appears to be a resilience resource.
Topics: Aged; Anxiety; Humans; Loneliness; Self Efficacy; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34574776
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189857 -
CBE Life Sciences Education Mar 2023Undergraduate and graduate teaching assistants (TAs) play large roles in introductory undergraduate education despite having little to no teaching experience or...
Undergraduate and graduate teaching assistants (TAs) play large roles in introductory undergraduate education despite having little to no teaching experience or professional development (PD). Self-efficacy and teaching approach have each been studied as independent variables that impact teaching performance and student learning in the absence of practiced skill or developed knowledge. This study explored relationships between TAs' teaching approaches and teaching self-efficacy. Self-efficacy was measured using the Graduate Teaching Self-Efficacy Scale (GTA-TSES), and teaching approach was measured using the Approaches to Teaching Inventory (ATI). The following research questions guided the study: What is the relationship between TAs' approaches to teaching and their self-efficacy? How do approaches to teaching and self-efficacy interact to impact the model of TA self-efficacy? Both ATI subscales correlated strongly with the GTA-TSES learning environment subscale and weakly with the instructional strategy subscale. High self-efficacy TAs demonstrated more concern with impacting student learning, which may contribute to a more student-centered teaching approach. Results indicate that TAs with more confidence in their teaching ability may have a more student-centered approach than teacher-centered approach to teaching. Implications include enhancing TA PD with peer mentoring, constructive feedback, and reflection and incorporating learning concerns in the model of TA teacher efficacy.
Topics: Humans; Students; Self Efficacy; Learning; Universities; Formative Feedback
PubMed: 36637378
DOI: 10.1187/cbe.22-06-0115 -
European Journal of Cardiovascular... Jan 2021Self-efficacy refers to a person´s confidence in carrying out treatment-related activities and constitutes the foundation of self-management as well as long-term...
BACKGROUND
Self-efficacy refers to a person´s confidence in carrying out treatment-related activities and constitutes the foundation of self-management as well as long-term follow-up after heart transplantation. Exploring the heart recipients´ experiences by means of self-report instruments provides healthcare professionals with valuable information on how to supply self-management support after heart transplantation.
AIMS
The aim was to explore self-efficacy in relation to the self-reported level of recovery and psychological wellbeing, among adult heart recipients, one to 5 years after transplantation.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study includes 79 heart recipients, due for follow-up one to 5 years after transplantation. Three different self-assessment instruments were employed: the self-efficacy for managing chronic disease 6-item scale; the postoperative recovery profile; and the psychological general wellbeing instrument.
RESULTS
The reported level of self-efficacy was high (median 8.3, maximum score 10). Significantly higher self-efficacy was seen among those who had returned to work (P = 0.003) and those without pre-transplant mechanical circulatory support (P = 0.033). In total, 65.5% (n = 52) reported being reasonably recovered, while 18.8% (n = 12) were not recovered. The median total psychological general wellbeing score was 108 (P25 = 24, P75 = 117), suggesting overall good psychological wellbeing in the whole group of heart recipients.
CONCLUSION
The heart transplant recipients in our study had an overall high level of self-efficacy. Low self-efficacy was found among those with a low self-reported level of recovery, pre-transplant treatment with mechanical circulatory support or who had not returned to work. This is important information for transplant professionals when helping heart recipients to balance their expectations about recovery.
Topics: Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Heart Transplantation; Humans; Self Efficacy; Self Report; Sweden
PubMed: 33570591
DOI: 10.1177/1474515120927121 -
BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care Oct 2022Bereavement is associated with negative affective, cognitive, behavioural and physiological responses. However, factors, such as coping, self-efficacy and self-esteem,...
OBJECTIVES
Bereavement is associated with negative affective, cognitive, behavioural and physiological responses. However, factors, such as coping, self-efficacy and self-esteem, can buffer negative effects of grief, and can be increased through mutual support interventions, such as shared leisure activities. This study used a non-randomised controlled design to explore the effects of group choir singing on mental health among people who have been bereaved due to cancer.
METHODS
A total of 58 adults bereaved in the last 5 years who had not started psychological therapy in the last 12 weeks or medication for anxiety or depression in the last month were recruited and elected to join a choir (n=29) or participate in the non-intervention control group (n=29). Joining a choir involved engaging in 90 min weekly singing and social sessions for 12 weeks with a post-intervention assessment at week 24. We used linear mixed effects models adjusted for demographics, health-related variables, musical engagement and time since bereavement to model changes over time between the two groups in symptoms of anxiety, depression, well-being, self-efficacy and self-esteem.
RESULTS
Participants who sang in a choir had more stable symptoms of depression and levels of well-being, as well as gradual improvements in their sense of self-efficacy and self-esteem over the 24 weeks. In contrast, those in the control group showed gradual increases in depressive symptoms, reductions in levels of well-being and self-esteem and no improvement in their self-efficacy. These results were independent of all covariates.
CONCLUSIONS
Weekly group singing could be a promising mutual support intervention for people experiencing grief.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
NCT02756780.
Topics: Adult; Bereavement; Depression; Grief; Humans; Mental Health; Self Efficacy; Singing
PubMed: 31243022
DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2018-001642