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Cureus Mar 2023Wound healing poses a variety of challenges making it a vital subject in medicine. With the advancement of science, we have seen the use of a new xenograft known as... (Review)
Review
Wound healing poses a variety of challenges making it a vital subject in medicine. With the advancement of science, we have seen the use of a new xenograft known as acellular fish skin (AFS) grafts that are derived from either Atlantic cod or Nile Tilapia. Fish skin has shown anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties that support and improve wound healing in a variety of wounds including burns and diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). There is ongoing research that evaluates the efficacy of fish skin grafts in comparison to alternative wound healing techniques. A literature search was conducted through the National Library of Medicine with search terms fish skin graft, AFS, xenograft, dehydrated human amnion/chorion, ulcer, burns, and wounds. A total of ten studies that investigate the efficacy of fish skin grafts either in comparison to a different wound healing technique or by simply observing wound healing with fish skin grafts and recording the results were chosen. AFS showed superior healing in comparison to collagen alginate dressings, silver sulfadiazine cream 1%, and allografts. Although there is no one specific gold standard technique for wound healing, fish skin grafts demonstrated overall improved and quicker wound healing, fewer dressing changes, less pain, and lower costs.
PubMed: 37082504
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36348 -
Wounds : a Compendium of Clinical... Feb 2020Radiation therapy (RT) following breast-conserving surgical excision of cancer reduces cancer-related mortality and recurrence.1 However, most patients experience acute...
Radiation therapy (RT) following breast-conserving surgical excision of cancer reduces cancer-related mortality and recurrence.1 However, most patients experience acute radiation dermatitis (ARD) within weeks after beginning RT2; symptoms of ARD, including severe skin erythema, dryness, moist or dry desquamation, and/or ulceration, may interrupt radiotherapy. This can negatively affect patient quality of life (QoL) and cancer outcomes. Acute radiation dermatitis is not to be confused with chronic radiation dermatitis, which can lead to fibrosis, skin atrophy, pigmentation, and telangiectasia months to years after RT.3 Evidence-based guidelines4 to both prevent and treat ARD recommend the application of 1 of 2 topical interventions during and/or after RT: (1) corticosteroids to improve ARD-related discomfort and itching5 or (2) 1% silver sulfadiazine (SSD) cream to reduce ARD-related dermatitis scores.6 This Evidence Corner reviews evidence supporting the 2 aforementioned topical interventions for patients undergoing RT for breast cancer.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Dermatologic Agents; Humans; Radiodermatitis; Silver Sulfadiazine
PubMed: 32155122
DOI: No ID Found -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2022Cerium and its derivatives have been used as remedies for wounds since the early 20th century. Cerium nitrate has attracted most attention in the treatment of deep... (Review)
Review
Cerium and its derivatives have been used as remedies for wounds since the early 20th century. Cerium nitrate has attracted most attention in the treatment of deep burns, followed later by reports of its antimicrobial properties. Its ability to mimic and replace calcium is presumed to be a major mechanism of its beneficial action. However, despite some encouraging results, the overall data are somewhat confusing with seemingly the same compounds yielding opposing results. Despite this, cerium nitrate is currently used in wound treatment in combination with silver sulfadiazine as Flammacérium. Cerium oxide, especially in nanoparticle form (Nanoceria), has lately captured much interest due to its antibacterial properties mediated via oxidative stress, leading to an increase of published reports. The properties of Nanoceria depend on the synthesis method, their shape and size. Recently, the green synthesis route has gained a lot of interest as an alternative environmentally friendly method, resulting in production of effective antimicrobial and antifungal nanoparticles. Unfortunately, as is the case with antibiotics, emerging bacterial resistance against cerium-derived nanoparticles is a growing concern, especially in the case of bacterial biofilm. However, diverse strategies resulting from better understanding of the biology of cerium are promising. The aim of this paper is to present the progress to date in the use of cerium compounds as antimicrobials in clinical applications (in particular wound healing) and to provide an overview of the mechanisms of action of cerium at both the cellular and molecular level.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Bacterial Infections; Burns; Cerium; Humans; Nanoparticles; Wound Healing
PubMed: 35566026
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092678 -
Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira... Nov 2019to identify, through an integrative review, national studies published over the last ten years highlighting products and therapies used in burns. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
to identify, through an integrative review, national studies published over the last ten years highlighting products and therapies used in burns.
METHODS
integrative research with studies published in the last ten years. Including clinical studies describing the use of the already established or innovative therapies in burns and the results obtained, published in national journals in the last ten years. Excluding articles published before 2007 and those that did not present results regarding the use of products in burns.
RESULTS
ten articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected. Collagenase, 1% silver sulfadiazine, and porous cellulose membrane were some of the therapies cited.
CONCLUSION
the casuistry was low; however, the good results obtained with porous cellulose membrane and silver nanocrystalline dressing are highlighted, since they were used in a larger number of patients in the studies evaluated.
Topics: Bandages; Burns; Collagenases; Debridement; Humans; Membranes, Artificial; Silver Sulfadiazine
PubMed: 31800905
DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.65.11.1405 -
Arab Journal of Urology Mar 2021: To systematically review the use of drug-eluting stents (DES) and drug-coated balloons (DCB) in urology. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
: To systematically review the use of drug-eluting stents (DES) and drug-coated balloons (DCB) in urology.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. PubMed, Scopus, Web of science and Cochrane Library online databases were searched in February 2019. Experimental and clinical studies, which included the placement of a DES or dilatation with DCB for investigating their potential use in the urinary tract for the management of ureteric or urethral pathologies, were included. The primary endpoint was to evaluate the current use of DES and DCB in urology.
RESULTS
A total of 29 articles were included in the systematic review. A total of 10 studies tested DES or DCB containing anti-proliferative agents (paclitaxel, zotarolimus, sirolimus, halofugione). Antibiotic agent-containing DES were tested in nine studies (triclosan, quinolones, teicoplanin, nitrofurantoin, silver sulfadiazine). A total of eight studies investigated the release of anti-inflammatory agents by DES (ketorolac, indomethacin, EW-7197). Another group studied heparin-eluting stents.
CONCLUSION
Despite the inconclusive outcomes of the three randomised controlled trials, drug-coated/eluting devices constitute a promising field in urology for the prevention of complications associated with conventional stents including pain and encrustation. Pre-clinical and studies have shown their ability to mitigate inflammation, inhibit re-stenosis and improve pain as indicated by declined use of anti-inflammatory drugs.: DES: drug-eluting stents; DCB: drug-coated balloons; DCS: drug-coated stents; HF: halofungione; MCP-1: monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; PRISMA, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses; PTCA: percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; RANTES: regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted; RCT: randomised controlled trial; USSQ, Ureteric Stent Symptoms Questionaire.
PubMed: 34104496
DOI: 10.1080/2090598X.2021.1885948 -
Cureus Oct 2022Burn wounds remain a prevalent problem in the developed and developing world. A multitude of remedies has been tested. This study evaluated the healing time of second-... (Review)
Review
Burn wounds remain a prevalent problem in the developed and developing world. A multitude of remedies has been tested. This study evaluated the healing time of second- and third-degree burn wounds between silver sulfadiazine (SSD) and (AV). In July 2020, a systematic review of MEDLINE (Ovid) and PubMed (National Library of Medicine) was performed to identify studies that reported healing of second- and third-degree burns using either SSD or AV. Articles meeting the inclusion criteria were screened and carefully analyzed. Our goal was to report the healing time for these burns using SSD and AV. A total of eight studies published between 1988 and 2018 reporting healing of second- and third-degree burns using SSD and AV were included in this review. Six were cohort studies and two were randomized controlled trials. The studies included both animal and human subjects. The meta-analysis demonstrated that the mean time to wound healing favored AV (RR: -1.34, 95% CI: -1.8 to 0.9, p < 0.001). It would seem that time to healing benefitted those burns in which AV was utilized. In conclusion, increased consideration and emphasis should be placed on using AV to aid the healing of second- and third-degree burns.
PubMed: 36337821
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30815 -
Dermatology Online Journal May 2020To review the use of gentian violet in dermatology. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To review the use of gentian violet in dermatology.
DESIGN
A comprehensive literature search on gentian violet in dermatology practice was performed through PubMed.
RESULTS
Gentian violet is effective in treating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-colonized skin lesions; mean number of days for complete eradication was 9.1 days. Gentian violet is almost as effective as ketoconazole and more effective than nystatin in the treatment of oral thrush in AIDS patients. In an in vitro study on cutaneous T cell lymphoma cell lines, there was no difference between nitrogen mustard and gentian violet in stimulating apoptosis. When comparing gentian violet to silver sulfadiazine dressings in healing burn wounds, the gentian violet treatment group reported less pain, fewer febrile episodes, and decreased bacterial growth compared to control. In atopic dermatitis subjects, gentian violet decreased Staphylococcus aureus colonization and improved disease severity in lesional skin compared to non-lesional skin.
CONCLUSION
Studies have investigated gentian violet's antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic, anti-angiogenic, antitumor, and wound healing properties. Gentian violet is a low cost and well-tolerated topical agent with the potential for widespread applications in dermatology.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Dermatology; Gentian Violet; Humans; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 32621695
DOI: No ID Found -
BMC Veterinary Research Oct 2020Wounds cause structural and functional discontinuity of an organ. Wound healing, therefore, seeks to re-establish the normal morphology and functionality through...
BACKGROUND
Wounds cause structural and functional discontinuity of an organ. Wound healing, therefore, seeks to re-establish the normal morphology and functionality through intertwined stages of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodelling. Ivermectin, a macrolide, has been used as an endectoparasiticide in human and veterinary medicine practice for decades. Here, we show that ivermectin exhibits wounding healing activity by mechanisms independent of its well-known antiparasitic activity. This study aimed to evaluate the wound healing property of ivermectin cream using histochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques.
RESULTS
Non-irritant dose of ivermectin cream (0.03-1%) decreased wound macroscopic indices such as exudation, edge edema, hyperemia, and granulation tissue deposition by day 9 compared to day 13 for the vehicle-treated group. This corresponded with a statistically significant wound contraction rate, hydroxyproline deposition, and a decreased time to heal rate. The levels of growth factors TGF-β1 and VEGF were significantly elevated on day 7 but decreased on day 21. This corresponded with changes in cytokines (IL-1α, IL-4, IL-10, and TNF-α) and eicosanoids (LTB4, PGE, and PGD) levels on days 7 and 21. Interestingly, low doses of ivermectin cream (0.03-0.1%) induced wound healing with minimal scarring compared to higher doses of the cream and the positive control, Silver Sulfadiazine.
CONCLUSION
Ivermectin promotes wound healing partly through modulation of the inflammatory process and the levels of Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor. Low doses of ivermectin cream have the potential to be used in treating wounds with minimal scar tissue formation.
Topics: Animals; Ivermectin; Male; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Silver Sulfadiazine; Skin; Transforming Growth Factor beta1; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Wound Healing
PubMed: 33081763
DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02612-z -
Wounds : a Compendium of Clinical... Aug 2019Cutaneous burns challenge global health care systems with high patient morbidity and mortality rates.1 One recent study of adults admitted for 2 to 60 days to a US burn...
Cutaneous burns challenge global health care systems with high patient morbidity and mortality rates.1 One recent study of adults admitted for 2 to 60 days to a US burn center reported that more than 7.9% of burn patients experienced at least 1 hospital-acquired infection (HAI), extending the hospital length of stay and increasing the likelihood of complications and death.2 Of these HAIs, most (35.8%) were skin and soft tissue infections, followed by respiratory (24.4%), bloodstream (18.1%), and urinary tract (17.8%) infections. A burn covering more than 5% of total body surface area (TBSA) multiplied HAI risk by 3, with higher risk as the burned TBSA increased. Other factors increasing HAI risk included inhalation injury, flame burn, patient age (≥ 60 years), and comorbidities (ie, diabetes, heart failure, myocardial infarction, renal disease, or peripheral arterial disease).2 Topical 1% silver sulfadiazine cream (SSD), introduced into burn care in the mid 20th century by Dr. Charles Fox, improved global burned patient survival rates and outcomes by reducing the likelihood of burn-related infection.3 Research in later decades explored other topical treatments capable of reducing the incidence of burn-related infections. This month's Evidence Corner describes 2 recent reviews comparing the effects of topical antiseptics4 or honey5 with SSD on burn wound healing and infections.
PubMed: 31356177
DOI: No ID Found