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Psychiatry Research Dec 2021We aimed to do a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies describing suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and suicide and associated risk factors during COVID-19... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
We aimed to do a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies describing suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and suicide and associated risk factors during COVID-19 pandemic. We searched following electronic databases using relevant search terms: Medline, Embase, PsycInfo and CINAHL and systematically reviewed the evidence following PRISMA guidelines. The meta-analysis of prevalence of suicidal ideation was done using random effect model. The search returned 972 records, we examined 106 in full text and included 38 studies describing 120,076 participants. Nineteen studies described suicide or attempted self-harm, mostly in case reports. Out of 19 studies describing suicidal ideations, 12 provided appropriate data for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation in these studies was 12.1% (CI 9.3-15.2). Main risk factors for suicidal ideations were: low social support, high physical and mental exhaustion and poorer self-reported physical health in frontline medical workers, sleep disturbances, quarantine and exhaustion, loneliness, and mental health difficulties. We provide first meta-analytic estimate of suicidal ideation based on large sample from different countries and populations. The rate of suicidal ideations during COVID pandemic is higher than that reported in studies on general population prior to pandemic and may result in higher suicide rates in future.
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Pandemics; SARS-CoV-2; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 34670162
DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114228 -
Psychological Medicine May 2021Given the widespread nature and clinical consequences of self-harm and suicidal ideation among adolescents, establishing the efficacy of developmentally appropriate... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Given the widespread nature and clinical consequences of self-harm and suicidal ideation among adolescents, establishing the efficacy of developmentally appropriate treatments that reduce both self-harm and suicidal ideation in the context of broader adolescent psychopathology is critical.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the Dialectical Behaviour Therapy for Adolescents (DBT-A) literature on treating self-injury in adolescents (12-19 years). We searched for eligible trials and treatment evaluations published prior to July 2020 in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library databases for clinical trials. Twenty-one studies were identified [five randomized-controlled trials (RCTs), three controlled clinical trials (CCTs), and 13 pre-post evaluations]. We extracted data for predefined primary (self-harm, suicidal ideation) and secondary outcomes (borderline personality symptoms; BPD) and calculated treatment effects for RCTs/CCTs and pre-post evaluations. This meta-analysis was pre-registered with OSF: osf.io/v83e7.
RESULTS
Overall, the studies comprised 1673 adolescents. Compared to control groups, DBT-A showed small to moderate effects for reducing self-harm (g = -0.44; 95% CI -0.81 to -0.07) and suicidal ideation (g = -0.31, 95% CI -0.52 to -0.09). Pre-post evaluations suggested large effects for all outcomes (self-harm: g = -0.98, 95% CI -1.15 to -0.81; suicidal ideation: g = -1.16, 95% CI -1.51 to -0.80; BPD symptoms: g = -0.97, 95% CI -1.31 to -0.63).
CONCLUSIONS
DBT-A appears to be a valuable treatment in reducing both adolescent self-harm and suicidal ideation. However, evidence that DBT-A reduces BPD symptoms was only found in pre-post evaluations.
Topics: Adolescent; Borderline Personality Disorder; Dialectical Behavior Therapy; Female; Humans; Male; Self-Injurious Behavior; Suicidal Ideation; Young Adult
PubMed: 33875025
DOI: 10.1017/S0033291721001355 -
Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry Apr 2023To systematically review and meta-analyze the effectiveness of family therapy compared to other active treatments for adolescents with depressive disorders or suicidal... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
To systematically review and meta-analyze the effectiveness of family therapy compared to other active treatments for adolescents with depressive disorders or suicidal ideation.
METHOD
We conducted a systematic search of The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, AMED, CINAHL and Web of Science and performed two meta-analyses of outcomes for depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation.
RESULTS
We screened 5,940 records and identified 10 randomized controlled studies of family therapy for depressive disorder or suicidal ideation in adolescents with an active treatment comparison group. Nine studies reported outcome measures of depressive symptoms and four reported outcome measures of suicidal ideation. The meta-analysis showed no significant difference between family therapy and active comparison treatments for end-of-treatment levels of depression. For suicidal ideation our meta-analysis showed a significant effect in favour of family therapy over comparison treatments for suicidal ideation.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the current body of research, we found that family therapy is not superior to other psychotherapies in the treatment of depressive disorder. However, family therapy leads to significantly improved outcomes for suicidal ideation, compared to other psychotherapies. The evidence for the treatment of depression is of low quality needs more research.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Suicidal Ideation; Family Therapy; Depression; Psychotherapy; Combined Modality Therapy
PubMed: 36053279
DOI: 10.1177/13591045221125005 -
Annals of Palliative Medicine Sep 2021Adolescents are a high-risk group for non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), which seriously affects their physical and mental health. This study aimed to explore the risk...
BACKGROUND
Adolescents are a high-risk group for non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), which seriously affects their physical and mental health. This study aimed to explore the risk factors for depressive adolescents with NSSI.
METHODS
A total of 153 adolescents with depression were divided into the NSSI group (n=65) and non-NSSI group (n=88) according to the criteria stipulated by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5). The Beck scale for suicidal ideation (BSS), adolescent self-rating life events checklist (ASLEC), family adaptability and cohesion evaluation scale II-Chinese version (FACES II-CV), childhood trauma questionnaire short form (CTQ SF), and multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS) were applied to evaluate suicidal ideation, frequency and intensity of stressful life events, family functions, childhood trauma, and perceived support, respectively. We applied two-dimensional logistic regression to identify risk factors for NSSI.
RESULTS
Female gender ratio, suicidal ideation, and attempted suicide were significantly higher in the NSSI group than in the non-NSSI group (all P<0.05). Scores of interpersonal relationships in ASLEC, emotional abuse, and emotional neglect in the CTQ-SF were significantly higher in the NSSI group than those in the non-NSSI group (all P<0.001). The scores of family cohesion (P=0.001) and family adaptability (P=0.01) were significantly lower in the NSSI group than in the non-NSSI group. The MSPSS was used to assess support from the family, and the index was significantly lower in the NSSI group (P<0.001). After adjusting for age and gender, BSS score, interpersonal relationship score, emotional abuse score, and emotional neglect score were identified as independent risk factors for NSSI.
CONCLUSIONS
The rate of NSSI in adolescents with depression is high. Higher scores of BSS, interpersonal relationship, emotional abuse, and neglect were independently associated with NSSI.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Depression; Female; Humans; Risk Factors; Self-Injurious Behavior; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 34628886
DOI: 10.21037/apm-21-1951 -
Current Opinion in Psychology Feb 2023Understanding the factors that protect against suicidal ideation and behaviour may strengthen our ability to identify and support those at risk of death by suicide,... (Review)
Review
Understanding the factors that protect against suicidal ideation and behaviour may strengthen our ability to identify and support those at risk of death by suicide, above and beyond that which is possible by focusing solely on risk factors. A factor that may confer protection against the development of suicidal ideation and behaviour is hope, a future orientated construct that features within recent theories of suicide. Here, we provide an overview of the literature examining the role of hope in moderating and mediating the relationship between suicide risk factors and suicide ideation and behaviour. Evidence suggests that hope may be important in buffering against suicide ideation and behaviour across different population. Limitations and recommendation for future research are also discussed.
Topics: Humans; Suicidal Ideation; Risk Factors
PubMed: 36446315
DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101491 -
Canadian Family Physician Medecin de... Oct 2019
Topics: Family Practice; Internship and Residency; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide
PubMed: 31604726
DOI: No ID Found -
Psychiatry Research Jul 2023Trichotillomania is characterized by chronic pulling out of one's hair. Given the negative sequelae of trichotillomania, we examined rates of suicidal ideation and...
Trichotillomania is characterized by chronic pulling out of one's hair. Given the negative sequelae of trichotillomania, we examined rates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Of the 219 adults (mean age = 29.5 years; 88% female) recruited, 40 (18.3%) reported lifetime suicidal ideation, and 5 (2.3%) reported a lifetime suicide attempt. Those with histories of suicidal ideation were significantly more likely to have major depressive disorder. Our findings suggest that suicidal ideation and attempts are common in trichotillomania and support the idea that comorbid depression should be considered a risk factor for suicidality.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Female; Male; Suicidal Ideation; Depressive Disorder, Major; Trichotillomania; Suicide, Attempted; Risk Factors
PubMed: 37163882
DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115245 -
Family Medicine Sep 2019
Topics: Countertransference; Female; Humans; Inpatients; Male; Narration; Psychiatric Department, Hospital; Suicidal Ideation
PubMed: 31509222
DOI: 10.22454/FamMed.2019.207993 -
Crisis Nov 2020Heterosexism has been identified as being a contributing factor of suicidality in sexual minority adults (SMA), and social support is believed to be important for...
Heterosexism has been identified as being a contributing factor of suicidality in sexual minority adults (SMA), and social support is believed to be important for mitigating these effects. Research evaluating racial/ethnic differences in suicidality among SMA is limited despite racial/ethnic minorities being at greater risk. We aimed to examine the associations between heterosexism, suicidal ideation, and social support in a sample of racially/ethnically diverse SMA. SMA ( = 239) were recruited as part of an online survey on sexuality and health based in the United States. There were significant positive main effects of heterosexism and significant negative main effects for non-White racial/ethnic identity on suicidal ideation. There were significant negative main effects for social support from family and a significant other but not from friends. A significant interaction of social support from a significant other and racial ethnic identity was qualified by a significant three-way interaction with heterosexism. Social support from a significant other buffered the effect of heterosexism on suicidal ideation among non-White but not among White SMA. All other interactions were not significant. Within-group differences of racial/ethnic groups and other domains of social support were not examined, and the cross-sectional nature of the data precludes causal inference. Support from a significant other may be important for suicidality, particularly for racial/ethnic minority SMA.
Topics: Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Ethnicity; Humans; Minority Groups; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Suicidal Ideation; United States
PubMed: 32141329
DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000657 -
Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy Sep 2022Research indicates that the emergency department is the primary setting for people to present with suicidal ideation. Attempting to provide interventions for this... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Research indicates that the emergency department is the primary setting for people to present with suicidal ideation. Attempting to provide interventions for this population depends greatly on understanding their needs and life circumstances at the time of presentation to services, therefore enabling more appropriate treatment pathways and services to be provided.
AIM
This review aims to collate, evaluate and synthesize the empirical research focused on the population of people presenting to hospital settings with suicidal ideation.
METHOD
A systematic literature search was performed. Articles that met a specified set of inclusion criteria including participants being over 18, not being admitted to hospital and presenting to an emergency department setting underwent a quality assessment and data analysis. The quality assessment used was the EPHPP Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies (Thomas et al., 2004).
RESULTS
Twenty-seven articles were included in the review. Studies were quantitative and of reasonable methodological quality (Thomas et al., 2004). The literature was characterized by demographic information, mental health factors associated with the presentation to hospital and treatment pathways or outcomes reported. The reviewed research showed that people presenting to emergency departments with suicidal ideation were varying in age, gender, ethnic background and socio-economic status (SES). Large proportions of studies reported psychosocial factors alongside interpersonal struggles as the main presenting reason. The review highlights large variability across these factors. Mental health diagnosis was common, previous suicide attempt was a risk factor, and treatment pathways were unclear. The review identifies the outstanding gaps and weaknesses in this literature as well as areas in need of future research.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, the review highlights the prevalence of people reporting interpersonal factors as the reason for suicidal ideation and not mental health disorders or diagnosis. Despite this, no mention of trauma or life stories was made in any study assessing this population. Despite a large variation across studies making synthesis difficult, data proves clinically relevant and informative for future practice and guidance on areas needing further research.
Topics: Humans; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted; Risk Factors; Mental Disorders; Hospitals
PubMed: 35716391
DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2761