-
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews Sep 2021Suicide is a major public health concern. One of the common contributors to the increased risk for suicide is the genetic constitution of individuals, which determines... (Review)
Review
Suicide is a major public health concern. One of the common contributors to the increased risk for suicide is the genetic constitution of individuals, which determines certain endophenotypic traits used as quantifiable measure of neurobiological functions. Therefore, a logical deconstruction of the originating endophenotypes associated with suicidal risk could provide a better understanding of this complex disorder. In this regard, non-human animals can be a useful resource to test endophenotypes of suicidal behavior and the neurobiology underlying these endophenotypes. In this review, we have focused on the neurobiological abnormalities, primarily genetic and epigenetic abnormalities, associated with suicidal behavior and the scope of their modeling in animals. This can substantially advance the current understanding of suicidal behavior manifested with certain trait-based endophenotypes and may provide an opportunity to test novel hypotheses as well as aid in the development of treatment opportunities and risk assessment.
Topics: Animals; Endophenotypes; Neurobiology; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide
PubMed: 33421543
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.12.033 -
Journal of Affective Disorders Jan 2022Suicide rates within the construction industry are disproportionately high and there is accumulating evidence suggesting that young apprentices working in this industry...
BACKGROUND
Suicide rates within the construction industry are disproportionately high and there is accumulating evidence suggesting that young apprentices working in this industry may be particularly vulnerable. This study examined the presence of suicidal ideation and exposure to suicidal behaviours in construction industry apprentices, and explored associations between suicidal ideation and other demographic, workplace, and psychosocial factors.
METHODS
A large sample of apprentices were recruited for the study (N = 1402). The study employed a cross-sectional survey design. In addition to demographic items, the survey asked questions relating to suicidal ideation in the past year, exposure to suicidal behaviours, substance use, stress management, workplace bullying, psychological distress, and well-being.
RESULTS
Nearly one third of apprentices reported suicidal ideation in the previous year, and approximately half to two-thirds knew someone who had either attempted or died by suicide. Suicidal ideation was associated with knowing someone who had attempted suicide, greater psychological distress, substance use, and poorer well-being.
LIMITATIONS
The response rate was low. There were also portions of missing data. Multiple imputation was used to help overcome this, and results from the sensitivity analyses are presented. The cross-sectional design is another limitation.
CONCLUSION
Suicidal ideation in construction apprentices is common and is associated with poorer overall mental health and well-being, substance use, and knowing others who have attempted suicide. These findings can help inform the development of tailored workplace suicide prevention activities for apprentices at-risk of suicide and poor mental health.
Topics: Construction Industry; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Risk Factors; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 34710501
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.073 -
Midwifery Mar 2022Although suicide is the main cause of maternal death during pregnancy in industrialized countries, there are few research regarding the prevalence and risk factors of...
INTRODUCTION
Although suicide is the main cause of maternal death during pregnancy in industrialized countries, there are few research regarding the prevalence and risk factors of suicidal ideation during pregnancy, especially in Spain.
METHOD
In a multicenter study, the sample included 1,524 pregnant women recruited from an obstetrics setting from two Spanish tertiary-care public hospitals. The prevalence of prenatal suicidal ideation was estimated by analyzing their responses to item 9 on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The risk factors (which increases the probability of having suicidal ideation) included sociodemographic and biomedical variables, and the stress subscale from the revised prenatal version of the Postpartum Depression Predictors Inventory (PDPI-R).
RESULTS
A total of 2.6% of pregnant women reported suicidal ideation. Risk factors of suicidal ideation during pregnancy include sociodemographic, such as prior history of depression (β = 0.120, p < .05), unemployment (β = 0.149, p < .05), and being an immigrant (β = 0.140, p < .01), and biomedical variables, such as previous abortion (β =0.169, p < .01) and assisted reproduction (β = -0.100, p < .05).
DISCUSSION
Given that the prevalence of suicidal ideation is higher than expected, the results of the study suggest the critical need for screening and designing preventive interventions adapted to pregnant women to decrease risk of associated suicidal behavior. In protocols carried out by midwives, specific risk factors should be included in health screenings during pregnancy.
Topics: Depression; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Suicidal Ideation; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34990995
DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2021.103226 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jul 2022Young people experience high rates of suicidal ideation, self-harm, suicide attempt and death due to suicide. As a result of increasing globalisation, young people are... (Review)
Review
Young people experience high rates of suicidal ideation, self-harm, suicide attempt and death due to suicide. As a result of increasing globalisation, young people are increasingly mobile and can migrate from one country to another seeking educational and employment opportunities. With a growing number of young migrants, it is important to understand the prevalence of suicidal behaviour among this population group. We systematically searched Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO from inception until 31 March 2022. Eligible studies were those providing data on suicidal ideation, self-harm, suicide attempt, and death due to suicide. Seventeen studies were included in the review, some of which provided data on multiple outcomes of interest. Twelve studies provided data on suicidal ideation, five provided data on self-harm, eight provided data on suicide attempt, and one study had data on suicide death among young migrants. The quality of the included studies was varied and limited. The studies included in this review commonly reported that young migrants experience higher rates of self-harm and suicide attempt, but no major differences in suicidal ideation and suicide death compared to non-migrant young people. However, the limited number of studies focused on suicidal behaviour among young migrants highlights the need for further high-quality studies to capture accurate information. This will enable the development of policies and interventions that reduce the risk of suicidal behaviour among young migrants.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Mental Processes; Prevalence; Self-Injurious Behavior; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 35886183
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148329 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2023Synthesizing evidence to examine changes in suicide-related outcomes before and during the pandemic can inform suicide management during the COVID-19 crisis. We searched... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Synthesizing evidence to examine changes in suicide-related outcomes before and during the pandemic can inform suicide management during the COVID-19 crisis. We searched 13 databases as of December 2022 for studies reporting both the pre- and peri-pandemic prevalence of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, or rate of death by suicide. A random-effects model was used to pool the ratio of peri- and pre-pandemic prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt (Prevalence Ratio-PR) and rate of death by suicide (Rate Ratio; RR). We identified 51, 55, and 25 samples for suicidal ideation, attempt, and death by suicide. The prevalence of suicidal ideation increased significantly among non-clinical (PR = 1.142; 95% CI: 1.018-1.282; = 0.024; = 28) and clinical (PR = 1.134; 95% CI: 1.048-1.227; = 0.002; = 23) samples, and pooled estimates differed by population and study design. Suicide attempts were more prevalent during the pandemic among non-clinical (PR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.053-1.233; = 0.001; = 30) and clinical (PR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.17-1.489; = 0.000; = 25) participants. The pooled RR for death by suicide was 0.923 (95% CI: 0.84-1.01; = 0.092; = 25), indicating a nonsignificant downward trend. An upward trend of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, despite suicide rate remaining stable. Our findings suggest that timely prevention and intervention programs are highly needed for non-clinical adult population and clinical patients. Monitoring the real-time and long-run suicide risk as the pandemic evolves is warranted.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Pandemics; COVID-19; Suicide, Attempted; Suicidal Ideation; Prevalence
PubMed: 36834037
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043346 -
Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics 2023
Topics: Humans; Demoralization; Depression; Suicidal Ideation; Neoplasms
PubMed: 37231894
DOI: 10.1159/000530760 -
The British Journal of Clinical... Nov 2022Suicidal ideation is a pervasive and painful experience that varies considerably in its phenomenology. Here, we consider how one key risk variable might inform our...
OBJECTIVES
Suicidal ideation is a pervasive and painful experience that varies considerably in its phenomenology. Here, we consider how one key risk variable might inform our understanding of variation in suicidal ideation: emotion-related impulsivity, the trait-like tendency towards unconstrained speech, behaviour, and cognition in the face of intense emotions. We hypothesized that emotion-related impulsivity would be tied to specific features, including severity, perceived lack of controllability, more rapidly fluctuating course, higher scores on a measure of acute suicidal affective disturbance, and more emotional and cognitive disturbance as antecedents.
METHODS
We recruited two samples of adults (Ns = 421, 221) through Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk), with oversampling of those with suicidal ideation. Both samples completed psychometrically sound self-report measures online to assess emotion- and non-emotion-related dimensions of impulsivity and characteristics of suicidal ideation.
RESULTS
One form of emotion-related impulsivity related to the severity, uncontrollability, dynamic course, and affective and cognitive precursors of ideation.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite limitations of the cross-sectional design and self-report measures, the current findings highlight the importance of specificity in considering key dimensions of impulsivity and suicidal ideation.
Topics: Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Emotions; Humans; Impulsive Behavior; Self Report; Suicidal Ideation
PubMed: 35912940
DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12383 -
Personality Disorders Mar 2022Sleep disturbance is associated with elevated suicidal ideation and negative affect. To date, however, no study has investigated the temporal relationship between sleep...
Sleep disturbance is associated with elevated suicidal ideation and negative affect. To date, however, no study has investigated the temporal relationship between sleep and suicidality among those diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD). This preregistered (https://osf.io/4vugk) study tested whether nightly sleep (self-reported sleep duration, sleep onset latency, and subjective sleep quality) represents a (within-person) short-term risk factor for affective dysregulation and increases in suicide risk from day-to-day, as well as whether between-person differences in sleep, negative affect, and suicidality were associated. We used a 21-day ecological momentary assessment protocol in a sample of 153 people diagnosed with BPD, 105 of which had a history of serious suicide attempts, and 52 healthy controls (N = 4076 days). We found a within-person association between worse subjective sleep quality and greater next-day negative affect. At the between-person level, we found positive relationships between sleep latency and suicidal ideation, and a negative association between subjective sleep quality and negative affect. BPD severity did not significantly moderate the strength of any within-person associations, although BPD was positively associated with average levels of suicidal ideation, sleep latency, and negative affect, and negatively related to subjective sleep quality. These findings suggest that the association of sleep with suicidal ideation and BPD exists largely at the between-persons rather than the within-person level. Disturbed sleep, therefore, seems to largely coincide, rather than specifically contribute to, the exacerbation of suicidal crises in BPD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Borderline Personality Disorder; Ecological Momentary Assessment; Humans; Sleep; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 34424020
DOI: 10.1037/per0000496 -
Archives of Suicide Research : Official... 2022The exploration of inter- and intra-individual variability in suicidal ideation (SI) is vital to suicide research. However, this research relies on the identification...
BACKGROUND
The exploration of inter- and intra-individual variability in suicidal ideation (SI) is vital to suicide research. However, this research relies on the identification and measurement of standardized SI characteristics.
OBJECTIVE
This review aimed to identify characteristics of SI examined in research, describe how these characteristics are measured, and assess how they are aligned with those included in the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS).
METHODS
Four databases were systematically searched, and relevant data was extracted. The C-SSRS provided a framework for comparing SI names, measures and operational definitions.
RESULTS
After comparing operational definitions of identified characteristics, five core domains emerged: (1) severity, (2) temporality, (3) variability, (4) controllability, and (5) deterrents/reasons for ideating. Except for variability, all SI characteristics in the literature were congruent with those measured in the C-SSRS.
CONCLUSIONS
This review highlighted conceptual and methodologic inconsistencies in the study of SI, specifically the nomenclature, measurement and definitions of SI characteristics. Standardized approaches to the study of SI characteristics are needed. These approaches will enhance accurate and reliable measurement of SI, allow for findings to be synthesized across studies and propel the exploration of inter and intra-individual SI variability leading to more individualized and effective SI treatment.
Topics: Humans; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide
PubMed: 35040371
DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2021.2022551 -
PloS One 2022This study aimed to analyze the prevalence and factors associated with suicidal ideation among farmers. Cross-sectional study carried out between 2019 and 2020 with 450...
This study aimed to analyze the prevalence and factors associated with suicidal ideation among farmers. Cross-sectional study carried out between 2019 and 2020 with 450 farmers in Rio Grande do Norte. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was evaluated using the Beck Suicidal Ideation Inventory, and sociodemographic, health, income, work and alcohol abuse variables were analyzed. The Chi-square test was used to compare the proportions of the outcome between the categories of each variable. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to analyze associated factors and estimate prevalence ratios [PR]. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 12.4% [95%CI 9.69-15.84] and, in the bivariate analysis, it was associated with sociodemographic, health, income and work variables. In the final multivariate model, the variables that remained significant and were associated with a higher prevalence of SI were: female gender [PR = 3.28], diagnosis of mental disorder in the family [PR = 2.37], presence of common mental disorder [PR = 2.50], alcohol abuse [PR = 2.22] and employment relationship-salaried or temporary [R = 1.91]. Thus, suicidal ideation among farmers is mainly associated with health aspects, especially mental health, work and the female sex, and signals the need to strengthen public policies for suicide prevention with the targeting of effective strategies for the farmers.
Topics: Alcoholism; Cross-Sectional Studies; Farmers; Female; Humans; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Suicidal Ideation
PubMed: 36067161
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273625