-
Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria (Sao... 2020Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in adolescence, and the second most common cause of death among young people. The objective of this study was to identify...
OBJECTIVES
Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in adolescence, and the second most common cause of death among young people. The objective of this study was to identify trends in suicidal ideation by sex and ascertain factors associated with this outcome.
METHODS
Secular trend study with statewide coverage conducted at 5-year intervals, with 4,207 adolescents (2006), 6,264 adolescents (2011) and 6,026 adolescents (2016). Logistic regression was used to evaluate the secular trend of suicidal ideation. Multilevel logistic regressions evaluated the factors associated with suicidal ideation in the survey conducted in 2016.
RESULTS
There was a positive trend in suicidal ideation prevalence in 2016 compared to the prevalence in 2006 and 2011, in both boys and girls. Low social support, poor sleep quality, and low parental supervision were associated with suicidal ideation in boys and girls. Exposure to violence and bullying was associated with suicidal ideation only in girls. TV time and computer and videogame time were not associated with suicidal ideation in boys or girls.
CONCLUSION
There is an alarming trend of increased suicidal ideation in adolescents. Several dimensions were associated with suicidal ideation in adolescents, especially social support, sleep quality, and parental supervision.
Topics: Adolescent; Female; Humans; Male; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide; Suicide, Attempted; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 32491043
DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0783 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jan 2023Previous studies have suggested that stereotypes towards suicide, including endorsement of suicide and stigma toward suicide, may contribute to suicidal ideation and...
Previous studies have suggested that stereotypes towards suicide, including endorsement of suicide and stigma toward suicide, may contribute to suicidal ideation and behaviors. However, this has not been examined directly. In this study, we examined whether endorsement of suicide and stigma toward suicide are involved in the pathway from suicidal ideation to suicide attempts among college students. To this end, we used the Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale (SIDAS), the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), and the Stigma of Suicide Scale (SOSS) to assess suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, endorsement of suicide, and stigma toward suicide, respectively, in a sample of 944 Chinese college students (mean age, 20.97 years). Using mediation analysis, we found that suicidal ideation partially mediated the relationship between endorsement of suicide and suicide attempts and between stigma toward suicide and suicide attempts. These findings provide novel evidence that endorsement of suicide and stigma toward suicide are closely associated with suicide attempts, but partially through the influences of suicidal ideation. Future studies should elaborate on their longitudinal relationships. Implications of these findings for clinical practices are discussed with reference to the ideation-to-action framework of suicide, aiming to reduce suicidal behaviors.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Young Adult; Asian People; Risk Factors; Students; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted; Surveys and Questionnaires; China
PubMed: 36613198
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010877 -
International Journal of Environmental... Mar 2021This study developed and examined a structural model and influencing factors of suicidal ideation by path analysis of family violence exposure, school violence exposure,... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
This study developed and examined a structural model and influencing factors of suicidal ideation by path analysis of family violence exposure, school violence exposure, anger, aggression, depression, hopelessness, and ego resilience among adolescents.
METHODS
A hypothetical model was constructed on the basis of general strain theory developed by Agnew, as well as a review of studies in the literature related to suicidal ideation in adolescents in terms of violence exposure. The subjects were 1150 middle school students located in P city and K province. The model included 8 concepts and 24 paths. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires from September 2 to 20, 2013, and analyzed using the IBM SPSS and AMOS 21.0 programs.
RESULTS
Family violence exposure, school violence exposure, anger, depression, hopelessness, and ego resilience showed a direct effect, while aggression showed an indirect effect on suicidal ideation in adolescents. These factors accounted for 45% of the variance of suicidal ideation in middle school students in terms of violence exposure.
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that suicidal ideation of adolescents who are exposed to violence could be decreased by increasing ego resilience and reducing family violence exposure. It is necessary to develop an intervention strategy to prevent suicidal ideation.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Aggression; Depression; Exposure to Violence; Humans; Models, Structural; Risk Factors; Suicidal Ideation
PubMed: 33808864
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063215 -
Journal of Psychiatric Research Jun 2021The role of personality as distal risk factor for suicidal thoughts and behavior is still unclear. This review aims to propose two conceptual models that explain the... (Review)
Review
The role of personality as distal risk factor for suicidal thoughts and behavior is still unclear. This review aims to propose two conceptual models that explain the psychological plausibility of Type D personality as distal risk factor and contributor to the transition from general to suicide distress. To support this aim, we performed a systematic review of existing studies on the association between Type D personality and suicidal distress. A systematic search yielded eight studies that reported on Type D personality and suicidal distress. Type D personality was robustly associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviors, across populations and countries. Type D was related to the level/frequency of suicidal ideation in seven studies, and suicide attempt in two studies. Our first theoretical model identifies intra-psychic (depression, alcohol misuse, posttraumatic stress) and interpersonal (low belonging, social isolation, lack of support) vulnerabilities of individuals with Type D that may fuel the development of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Type D by itself will not account for why people become suicidal, but our second theoretical model suggests that the avoidant-passive tendencies of Type D individuals may result in persistent problem-solving deficits, and, eventually, feelings of entrapment that may contribute to the desire to escape from pain. We conclude that empirical evidence supports the hypothesized link between Type D personality, and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Our conceptual models - albeit often supported by indirect evidence - further substantiate the plausibility of this link, and offer concrete guidance for future studies. Primarily, more longitudinal research is necessary.
Topics: Humans; Models, Theoretical; Personality; Risk Factors; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted; Type D Personality
PubMed: 33882425
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.03.056 -
Nursing Open Jan 2022During the Covid-19 pandemic, the risk for nurses' mental health has rapidly increased. The two main goals of this study were the examination of (1) the psychological...
AIM
During the Covid-19 pandemic, the risk for nurses' mental health has rapidly increased. The two main goals of this study were the examination of (1) the psychological burden and (2) of suicidal ideation and its associated risk factors one year after the Covid-19 pandemic begun.
DESIGN
This was a cross-sectional online survey.
METHODS
N = 1311 nurses (96.9% female) aged 18-63 years (M = 30.96, SD = 8.48) were assessed for various symptoms of psychological burden, suicidal ideation and behaviour and its risk factors.
RESULTS
Almost half of participants (41.5%) reported heightened levels of depressive symptoms, 691 (52.7%) reported a medium to high risk for burnout. One fifth of participants (21.7%) reported suicidal ideation in the past 4 weeks. The direct contact to people with Covid-19 was not related to the extent of the psychological burden. Depression, agitation, perceived burdensomeness and previous suicide attempt were associated with suicidal ideation.
Topics: COVID-19; Courage; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depression; Female; Humans; Male; Pandemics; SARS-CoV-2; Suicidal Ideation; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34792286
DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1130 -
The Permanente Journal Apr 2022The purpose of this study was to develop a natural language processing algorithm to identify suicidal ideation/attempt from free-text clinical notes.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to develop a natural language processing algorithm to identify suicidal ideation/attempt from free-text clinical notes.
METHODS
Clinical notes containing prespecified keywords related to suicidal ideation/attempts from 2010 to 2018 were extracted from our organization's electronic health record system. A random sample of 864 clinical notes was selected and equally divided into 4 subsets. These subsets were reviewed and classified as 1 of the following 3 suicidal ideation/attempt categories (current, historical, and no) by experienced research chart abstractors. The first 3 data sets were used to develop the rule-based computerized algorithm sequentially and the fourth data set was used to evaluate the algorithm's performance. The validated algorithm was then applied to the entire study sample of clinical notes.
RESULTS
The computerized algorithm correctly identified 23 of the 26 confirmed current suicidal ideation/attempts and all 10 confirmed historical suicidal ideation/attempts in the validation data set. It produced an 88.5% sensitivity and a 100.0% positive predictive value for current suicidal ideation/attempts, and a 100.0% sensitivity and positive predictive value for historical suicidal ideation/attempts. After applying the computerized algorithm to the entire set of study notes, we identified a total of 1,050,287 current ideation/attempt events and 293,037 historical ideation/attempt events documented in clinical notes. Those for which current ideation/attempt events were documented were more likely to be female (59.5%), 25-44 years old (28.3%), and White (43.4%).
CONCLUSION
Our study demonstrated that a computerized algorithm can effectively identify suicidal ideation/attempts from clinical notes. This algorithm can be utilized in support of suicide prevention research programs and patient care quality improvement initiatives.
Topics: Adult; Algorithms; Delivery of Health Care, Integrated; Female; Humans; Male; Risk Factors; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide, Attempted
PubMed: 35609162
DOI: 10.7812/TPP/21.102 -
Child Psychiatry and Human Development Dec 2022This study examined the presence and correlates of COVID-specific suicidal thoughts and behaviors (i.e., thoughts of or engaging in intentional COVID-19 exposure with...
This study examined the presence and correlates of COVID-specific suicidal thoughts and behaviors (i.e., thoughts of or engaging in intentional COVID-19 exposure with associated suicidal intent) among psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents. Adolescents (N = 143) completed study measures as part of the standard intake process between March 13th and August 14th, 2020. Participants answered questionnaires assessing COVID-specific passive and active suicidal ideation (SI) and suicidal behavior, as well as COVID-related stressors and emotions, and public health guidance compliance. Findings highlights that COVID-specific SI is common in high-risk youth. COVID-specific SI was associated with COVID-19-related negative emotions, elevated stress, and decreased public health guidance compliance. Results suggest that COVID-specific suicidal thoughts and behaviors, and risk correlates, should be assessed within high-risk populations to facilitate prevention of risky behavior associated with intentional COVID-19 exposure.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent, Hospitalized; COVID-19; Humans; Risk-Taking; Suicidal Ideation; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34357502
DOI: 10.1007/s10578-021-01225-3 -
JAMA Network Open Aug 2023Advancements in technology, including mobile-based ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) and passive sensing, have immense potential to identify short-term suicide...
IMPORTANCE
Advancements in technology, including mobile-based ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) and passive sensing, have immense potential to identify short-term suicide risk. However, the extent to which EMA and passive data, particularly in combination, have utility in detecting short-term risk in everyday life remains poorly understood.
OBJECTIVE
To examine whether and what combinations of self-reported EMA and sensor-based assessments identify next-day suicidal ideation.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
In this intensive longitudinal prognostic study, participants completed EMAs 4 times daily and wore a sensor wristband (Fitbit Charge 3) for 8 weeks. Multilevel machine learning methods, including penalized generalized estimating equations and classification and regression trees (CARTs) with repeated 5-fold cross-validation, were used to optimize prediction of next-day suicidal ideation based on time-varying features from EMAs (affective, cognitive, behavioral risk factors) and sensor data (sleep, activity, heart rate). Young adult patients who visited an emergency department with recent suicidal ideation and/or suicide attempt were recruited. Identified via electronic health record screening, eligible individuals were contacted remotely to complete enrollment procedures. Participants (aged 18 to 25 years) completed 14 708 EMA observations (64.4% adherence) and wore a sensor wristband approximately half the time (55.6% adherence). Data were collected between June 2020 and July 2021. Statistical analysis was performed from January to March 2023.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
The outcome was presence of next-day suicidal ideation.
RESULTS
Among 102 enrolled participants, 83 (81.4%) were female; 6 (5.9%) were Asian, 5 (4.9%) were Black or African American, 9 (8.8%) were more than 1 race, and 76 (74.5%) were White; mean (SD) age was 20.9 (2.1) years. The best-performing model incorporated features from EMAs and showed good predictive accuracy (mean [SE] cross-validated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC], 0.84 [0.02]), whereas the model that incorporated features from sensor data alone showed poor prediction (mean [SE] cross-validated AUC, 0.56 [0.02]). Sensor-based features did not improve prediction when combined with EMAs. Suicidal ideation-related features were the strongest predictors of next-day ideation. When suicidal ideation features were excluded, an alternative EMA model had acceptable predictive accuracy (mean [SE] cross-validated AUC, 0.76 [0.02]). Both EMA models included features at different timescales reflecting within-day, end-of-day, and time-varying cumulative effects.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
In this prognostic study, self-reported risk factors showed utility in identifying near-term suicidal thoughts. Best-performing models required self-reported information, derived from EMAs, whereas sensor-based data had negligible predictive accuracy. These results may have implications for developing decision algorithms identifying near-term suicidal thoughts to guide risk monitoring and intervention delivery in everyday life.
Topics: Humans; Young Adult; Suicidal Ideation; Ecological Momentary Assessment; Suicide, Attempted; Self Report; Risk Factors
PubMed: 37552477
DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.28005 -
PloS One 2023Identifying various interacting risk factors for suicidality is important to develop preventive measures. The Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicidal Behavior...
INTRODUCTION
Identifying various interacting risk factors for suicidality is important to develop preventive measures. The Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicidal Behavior (IPTS) postulates suicidal ideation resulting from the occurrence of Perceived Burdensomeness (PB) and Thwarted Belongingness (TB). Suicidal behavior ultimately occurs if people have a Capability for Suicide. In past studies, the validity of TB was often not empirically confirmed, questioning which of the aspects of TB are central and related to suicidal ideation and whether applied measurement methods adequately capture the construct.
METHOD
Using a sample of 3,404 individuals from different clinical and nonclinical settings, 30% (1,023) of whom reported suicidal ideation, two network analyses were conducted on the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ) and a variable mapping suicidal ideation.
RESULTS
Analyses revealed that some items of the INQ were not related to suicidal ideation and the most central items did not have the strongest associations to suicidal ideation.
CONCLUSION
Based on these results, a shortened version of the INQ with the four items that showed the strongest associations with suicidal ideation in the network analyses was suggested.
Topics: Humans; Suicidal Ideation; Interpersonal Relations; Suicide; Surveys and Questionnaires; Risk Factors; Psychological Theory
PubMed: 37956124
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293026 -
Crisis Jul 2019
Topics: Humans; Suicidal Ideation; Suicide; Suicide Prevention
PubMed: 31274031
DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000615