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Scientific Reports May 2022An inserted central venous catheter (CVC) is considered foreign material by the inert host defence systems and induce inflammation and thrombus formation. The objective...
An inserted central venous catheter (CVC) is considered foreign material by the inert host defence systems and induce inflammation and thrombus formation. The objective of this study was to evaluate blood compatibility of six commonly used CVCs. Three coated and three uncoated CVC materials were tested in a modified Chandler loop model. Each catheter material circulated in blood from ten different healthy volunteers for 1 h. Blood cell counts and measurements of the inert host defence systems were performed on blood samples from the loop. All the tested catheters demonstrated impact on blood cells, contact coagulation, the complement system, or inflammatory markers, although the impact varied significantly. Of the catheters we evaluated, the most unfavourable blood compatibility profile was found for the polyurethane CVC coated with chlorohexidine and silver sulfadiazine. The greatest variation in blood compatibility between test runs was noted for the silicone dialysis catheter. Poor blood compatibility should be taken seriously but given the experimental design of the current study the clinical significance remains to be evaluated.
Topics: Catheterization, Central Venous; Central Venous Catheters; Humans; Polyurethanes; Renal Dialysis; Silicones
PubMed: 35597879
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12564-z -
Life (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2022Paediatric second-degree burn injuries are a significant source of medical challenges to the population that may cause severe, lifelong complications. Currently, there... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Paediatric second-degree burn injuries are a significant source of medical challenges to the population that may cause severe, lifelong complications. Currently, there are dozens of therapeutic modalities and we aimed to summarise their reported outcomes and determine their effectiveness, compared to the widely used silver sulphadiazine (SSD).
METHODS
We conducted the meta-analysis and systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs), which investigated the performance of dressings in acute paediatric partial-thickness burns. The evaluated endpoints were time until wound closure, grafting and infection rate, number of dressing changes and length of hospitalisation.
RESULTS
Twenty-nine RCTs were included in the qualitative and 25 in the quantitative synthesis, but only three trials compared SSD directly to the same intervention (Biobrane). Data analysis showed a tendency for faster healing times and a reduced complication rate linked to biosynthetic, silver foam and amnion membrane dressings. A substantial difference was found between the number of dressing changes associated with less pain, narcosis and treatment duration.
CONCLUSIONS
Considerable between-study heterogeneity was caused by the unequal depth subcategory ratio and surface area of the injuries; therefore, no significant difference was found in the main outcomes. Further research is necessary to establish the most effective treatment for these burns.
PubMed: 35629287
DOI: 10.3390/life12050619 -
ACS Omega Oct 2023In this study, a pilot-scale integrated process was developed, which combined the integrated biological contact oxidation technology (AO) and the improved constructed...
In this study, a pilot-scale integrated process was developed, which combined the integrated biological contact oxidation technology (AO) and the improved constructed wetland technology. The results showed significant removal efficiency for both conventional and trace organic pollutants. The average removal efficiencies for COD, NH-N, and TP were 78.52, 85.95, and 49.47%, respectively. For trace organic pollutants, triclocarban, triclosan, and sulfadiazine, the removal efficiencies reached 60.14, 57.42, and 84.29%, respectively. The AO stage played a crucial role in removing trace organic pollutants, achieving removal efficiencies of 37.28, 43.44, and 83.82% for triclocarban, triclosan, and sulfadiazine, respectively. Subsequent treatment using improved constructed wetland technology with coal slag + gravel fillers demonstrated the highest removal efficiency, with average efficiencies of 68.66, 63.38, and 81.32% for triclocarban, triclosan, and sulfadiazine, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed positive correlations between temperature, precipitation, and the removal efficiency of COD, NH-N, and TP, while negative correlations were observed with the removal efficiency of triclocarban, triclosan, and sulfadiazine. Furthermore, the influent concentrations of triclocarban and triclosan were significantly negatively correlated with the removal efficiency of COD and TP. The presence of triclocarban and triclosan potentially reduced the microbial diversity and hindered sludge sedimentation performance.
PubMed: 37901527
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03461 -
Interdisciplinary Perspectives on... 2022is a common parasitic disease with a cosmopolitan prevalence, causing severe health problems. Although chemotherapy for toxoplasmosis is readily available, most have...
BACKGROUND
is a common parasitic disease with a cosmopolitan prevalence, causing severe health problems. Although chemotherapy for toxoplasmosis is readily available, most have side effects.
OBJECTIVES
This study assesses the essential oil against activity, the anti- effects of essential oils with different concentrations were evaluated.
METHODS
In the present study, RH strain tachyzoites were exposed to essential oil, and their viability effect on the parasite was evaluated. The viability test of tachyzoites was performed by using the staining method trypan blue . The inhibitory effect of extract on RH strain tachyzoites in the Vero cell line was evaluated.
RESULTS
has valuable efficacy , outperforming pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine at 30 and 90 minutes after exposure ( < 0.05). essential oil showed anti- activity in the cell line (IC50: 241.7 g/mL). After -infected Vero cells had been incubated with different concentrations of the essential oil, their viability decreased in a dose-dependent manner.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, extract as an herbal medicine might be a valuable alternative to routine chemotherapy for toxoplasmosis.
PubMed: 35879954
DOI: 10.1155/2022/6091834 -
Comparative Medicine Feb 2021With the alarming increase in heart disease and heart failure, the need for appropriate and ethical animal models of cardiac dysfunction continues to grow. Currently,...
With the alarming increase in heart disease and heart failure, the need for appropriate and ethical animal models of cardiac dysfunction continues to grow. Currently, many animal models of cardiomyopathy require either invasive procedures or genetic manipulation, both of which require extensive expertise, time, and cost. Serendipitous findings at our institution revealed a possible correlation between sulfadiazine-trimethoprim (SDZ-TMP) medicated diet and the development of cardiomyopathy in IcrTac:ICR mice. We hypothesized that mice fed SDZ-TMP medicated diet continuously for 3 to 6 mo would develop cardiomyocyte degeneration and fibrosis, eventually leading to dilated cardiomyopathy. A total of 44 mice (22 Hsd:ICR (CD1) and 22 Tac:SW) were enrolled in the study. Half of these 44 mice were fed standard rodent diet and the other half were fed SDZ-TMP medicated diet. Baseline samples, including weights, CBCs, select biochemistry parameters, and echocardiography were performed prior to the start of either diet. Weights were obtained monthly and all other parameters were measured at least once during the study, and again at its conclusion. After 42 wk, mice were euthanized, and heart, lung and bone marrow tissue were submitted for histopathologic evaluation. Histologically, hearts were scored for the degree of degeneration, fibrosis, inflammation, and vacuolation. The data showed that SDZ-TMP did not have a significant effect on cardiac function, RBC parameters, biochemistry parameters (ALT, AST, calcium, magnesium, creatine kinase, and creatinine), hematopoiesis, or histologic heart scores. In addition, mice fed the SDZ-TMP medicated diet gained less weight over time. In summary, we were unable to reproduce the previous findings and thus could not use this approach to develop a novel model of cardiomyopathy. However, these results indicate that SDZ-TMP medicated diet containing 1,365 ppm of SDZ and 275 ppm of TMP does not appear to have long-term detrimental effects in mice.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Diet; Hematology; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Sulfadiazine; Trimethoprim; Weight Gain
PubMed: 33514448
DOI: 10.30802/AALAS-CM-20-000065 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Sep 2021All current studies have used Illumina short-read sequencing to characterize the equine intestinal microbiota. Long-read sequencing can classify bacteria at the species...
All current studies have used Illumina short-read sequencing to characterize the equine intestinal microbiota. Long-read sequencing can classify bacteria at the species level. The objectives of this study were to characterize the gut microbiota of horses at the species level before and after trimethoprim sulfadiazine (TMS) administration and to compare results with Illumina sequencing. Nine horses received TMS (30 mg/kg) orally for 5 days twice a day to induce dysbiosis. Illumina sequencing of the V4 region or full-length PacBio sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was performed in fecal samples collected before and after antibiotic administration. The relative abundance and alpha diversity were compared between the two technologies. PacBio failed to classify the equine intestinal microbiota at the species level but confirmed Bacteroidetes as the most abundant bacteria in the feces of the studied horses, followed by Firmicutes and Fibrobacteres. An unknown species of the Bacteroidales order was highly abundant (13%) and deserves further investigation. In conclusion, PacBio was not suitable to classify the equine microbiota species but detected greater richness and less unclassified bacteria. Further efforts in improving current databanks to be used in equine studies are necessary.
PubMed: 34679880
DOI: 10.3390/ani11102859 -
Evidence-based Complementary and... 2023is traditionally used to treat skin burns and microbial infections. However, experimental studies on this plant are rare. Furthermore, the aim of this study was to...
is traditionally used to treat skin burns and microbial infections. However, experimental studies on this plant are rare. Furthermore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of , a Moroccan herbal remedy, on the healing of deep second-degree burns in rats with a silver sulfadiazine group. This research was also carried out to confirm if had antibacterial capabilities. Under typical burn procedures, each rat received a deep second-degree burn on the upper back. The burns were treated regularly with control groups (control and control VH), silver sulfadiazine (SDD) in group 3, ethanolic extract (CHEE) in group 4, and aqueous extract (CHAE) in group 5. Throughout the treatment, digital photography was used to measure rat responses to the treatment until day 18. After the scar biopsy at the end of the study, histological parameters (inflammatory cells, collagen, epithelialization, fibrosis, and granulation tissue) were assessed. Using the well technique, the antibacterial activity of the extracts was tested against CIP 483, CIP 5262, CIP 53126, CIP 82118, and CIP 8039, and the results showed important activities of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts against the five species tested with MICs of 2 and 4 mg/mL, respectively. In the aqueous extract group, the wound healed faster. In addition, the healing rate in the extracts (CHEA and CHEE) group was faster than in the silver sulfadiazine and control groups. In the group, maximum wound surface recovery was observed at the same time, as it was not noted in the silver sulfadiazine group. Pathologically, epithelialization was more marked in wounds treated with extracts (CHE). Angiogenesis and inflammatory cells were considerably lower in the CHE group than in the silver and other control groups. However, elastic fibers were considerable in the CHE-treated group. In histological examination, the group had a low incidence of angiogenesis and inflammation, indicating that this group had less wound scarring. Collagen and burn wound healing were both faster in the group. The findings of this study suggest that , as indicated by traditional medicine, is a promising natural source for the management of wound healing.
PubMed: 37114146
DOI: 10.1155/2023/5855948 -
Acta Parasitologica Dec 2022Toxoplasmosis is a globally widespread parasitic disease which causes major health problems in human and animals. This research was conducted to assess the effect of...
PURPOSE
Toxoplasmosis is a globally widespread parasitic disease which causes major health problems in human and animals. This research was conducted to assess the effect of some Egyptian herbal extracts against Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) tachyzoites in vitro.
METHODS
The methanol extracts of Withania somnifera, Cyper rotundus, Acacia nilotica, Chrysanthemum cinerariae folium, Anethum graveolens, Raphanus sativus, Ceratonia siliqua, Elettaria cardamomum and Cuminum cyminum were tested against T. gondii tachyzoites.
RESULTS
Among the tested plants, the extracts from Raphanus sativus, Cuminum cyminum, and Ceratonia siliqua exhibited high anti-Toxoplasma activities at 50 µg/ml, relative to sulfadiazine. They showed low IC values on T. gondii (7.92, 9.47 and 13.52 µg/ml, respectively) and high selectivity index values (100.79, 59.19, and 29.05, respectively). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) findings indicated evident morphological changes in tachyzoites treated with these three herbal extracts.
CONCLUSION
Raphanus sativus, Ceratonia siliqua, and Cuminum cyminum methanol extracts could be promising sources of new medicament for toxoplasmosis.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Toxoplasma; Plant Extracts; Methanol; Egypt; Toxoplasmosis
PubMed: 36309926
DOI: 10.1007/s11686-022-00633-2 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2022The α-D-glucopyranoside and its derivatives were as the cardinal investigation for developing an effective medication to treat the highest deadly white spot syndrome...
Investigation of the New Inhibitors by Sulfadiazine and Modified Derivatives of α-D-glucopyranoside for White Spot Syndrome Virus Disease of Shrimp by In Silico: Quantum Calculations, Molecular Docking, ADMET and Molecular Dynamics Study.
The α-D-glucopyranoside and its derivatives were as the cardinal investigation for developing an effective medication to treat the highest deadly white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) diseases in Shrimp. In our forthcoming work, both computational tools, such as molecular docking, quantum calculations, pharmaceutical kinetics, ADMET, and their molecular dynamics, as well as the experimental trial against WSSV, were executed to develop novel inhibitors. In the beginning, molecular docking was carried out to determine inhibitors of the four targeted proteins of WSSV (PDB ID: 2ED6, 2GJ2, 2GJI, and 2EDM), and to determine the binding energies and interactions of ligands and proteins after docking. The range of binding affinity was found to be between -5.40 and -7.00 kcal/mol for the protein 2DEM, from -5.10 to 6.90 kcal/mol for the protein 2GJ2, from -4.70 to -6.2 kcal/mol against 2GJI, and from -5.5 kcal/mol to -6.6 kcal/mol for the evolved protein 2ED6 whereas the L01 and L03 display the highest binding energy in the protein 2EDM. After that, the top-ranked compounds (L01, L02, L03, L04, and L05), based on their high binding energies, were tested for molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of 100 ns to verify the docking validation and stability of the docked complex by calculating the root mean square deviation (RMSD) and root mean square fluctuation (RMSF). The molecules with the highest binding energy were then picked and compared to the standard drugs that were been applied to fish experimentally to evaluate the treatment at various doses. Consequently, approximately 40-45% cure rate was obtained by applying the dose of oxytetracycline (OTC) 50% with vitamin C with the 10.0 g/kg feed for 10 days. These drugs (L09 to L12) have also been executed for molecular docking to compare with α-D-glucopyranoside and its derivatives (L01 to L08). Next, the evaluation of pharmacokinetic parameters, such as drug-likeness and Lipinski's principles; absorption; distribution; metabolism; excretion; and toxicity (ADMET) factors, were employed gradually to further evaluate their suitability as inhibitors. It was discovered that all ligands (L01 to L12) were devoid of hepatotoxicity, and the AMES toxicity excluded L05. Additionally, all of the compounds convey a significant aqueous solubility and cannot permeate the blood-brain barrier. Moreover, quantum calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) provide the most solid evidence and testimony regarding their chemical stability, chemical reactivity, biological relevance, reactive nature and specific part of reactivity. The computational and virtual screenings for in silico study reveals that these chosen compounds (L01 to L08) have conducted the inhibitory effect to convey as a possible medication against the WSSV than existing drugs (L09, L10, L11 and L12) in the market. Next the drugs (L09, L10, L11 and L12) have been used in trials.
Topics: Animals; Ligands; Molecular Docking Simulation; Molecular Dynamics Simulation; Sulfadiazine; White spot syndrome virus 1
PubMed: 35744817
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123694 -
Advances in Laboratory Medicine Jun 2022It is estimated that 29% of patients treated with sulfadiazine ultimately develop acute kidney failure. Diagnosis is based on urine sediment analysis.
OBJECTIVES
It is estimated that 29% of patients treated with sulfadiazine ultimately develop acute kidney failure. Diagnosis is based on urine sediment analysis.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 71-year-old woman with loss of visual acuity in the context of a flare of systemic erythematosus lupus (SEL). A diagnosis of acute retinal necrosis was established, pending etiological confirmation. Empirical treatment with sulfadiazine was initiated. Follow-up analyses included urine sediment, which revealed pH 6, 30-50 RBCs/field, urothelial cells and lower tract epithelial cells, hyaline casts, fatty casts or Maltese cross, and abundant sulfadiazine crystals. The finding was reported to the Unit of Nephrology, and treatment was immediately suspended.
CONCLUSIONS
Sulfadiazine is an antibiotic of the family of sulfamides. Crystalization of sulfadiazine in the renal tubules may cause acute interstitial nephritis. These crystals adopt different shapes according to the metabolite that crystalizes: unaltered forms precipitate into dense, globular crystals, whereas in other cases, as in the case reported in this paper, crystals adopt a fan-shaped, shocks-of-wheat morphology.
PubMed: 37361864
DOI: 10.1515/almed-2022-0046