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Journal of Medical Internet Research Feb 2023There is a wide variation in the quality of information available to patients on the treatment of the diseases afflicting them. To help patients find clear and...
BACKGROUND
There is a wide variation in the quality of information available to patients on the treatment of the diseases afflicting them. To help patients find clear and accessible information, many scales have been designed to evaluate the quality of health information, including the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool; the Suitability Assessment of Materials for evaluation of health-related information for adults; and DISCERN, an instrument for judging the quality of written consumer health information on treatment choices. These instruments are primarily in English. Few of them have been translated and adapted into simplified Chinese tools for health information assessment in China.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to translate and adapt DISCERN into the first simplified Chinese version and validate the psychometric properties of this newly developed scale for judging the quality of patient-oriented health information on treatment choices.
METHODS
First, we translated DISCERN into simplified Chinese using rigorous guidelines for translation and validation studies. We tested the translation equivalence and measured the content validity index. We then presented the simplified Chinese instrument to 3 health educators and asked them to use it to assess the quality of 15 lung cancer-related materials. We calculated the Cohen κ coefficient and Cronbach α for all items and for the entire scale to determine the reliability of the new tool.
RESULTS
We decided on the simplified Chinese version of the DISCERN instrument (C-DISCERN) after resolving all problems in translation, adaptation, and content validation. The C-DISCERN was valid and reliable: the content validity index was 0.98 (47/48, 98% of the items) for clarity and 0.94 (45/48, 94% of the items) for relevance, the Cronbach α for internal consistency was .93 (95% CI 0.699-1.428) for the whole translated scale, and the Cohen κ coefficient for internal consistency was 0.53 (95% CI 0.417-0.698).
CONCLUSIONS
C-DISCERN is the first simplified Chinese version of the DISCERN instrument. Its validity and reliability have been attested to assess the quality of patient-targeted information for treatment choices.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Reproducibility of Results; Translating; Language; Consumer Health Information; Psychometrics; China; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 36729573
DOI: 10.2196/40733 -
Frontiers in Pediatrics 2022Early detection of developmental problems is vital for facilitating early access to targeted intervention and augmenting its beneficial outcomes. Standardized...
BACKGROUND
Early detection of developmental problems is vital for facilitating early access to targeted intervention and augmenting its beneficial outcomes. Standardized developmental screening tools are known to enhance detection rates of developmental problems compared to clinical judgment alone and are widely recommended to be used in infants and young children. Most of the available developmental screening tools have been developed in Western countries. Many of their items may not be suitable for other cultures while others are expensive. Currently, none of the developmental screening tools have been validated in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), with only a few available in the Arabic language.
OBJECTIVE
To create and validate a developmental screening tool, in both English and Arabic, that is simple, quick to use, and culturally relevant to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) child population aged 9-48 months.
METHODS
The available literature was used to create a list of developmental milestones in five domains for children aged 9-48 months, divided into seven age groups. The selected milestones were used to create questionnaires in both English and Arabic, which were pilot tested twice. Each time, the results were analyzed and used to select, modify, and rephrase questions. Validation of the Dubai Tool for Developmental Screening (DTDS) was done against Parents' Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS) as a gold standard instrument. The DTDS and PEDS were administered cross-sectionally to parents of 1,400 children in seven age groups. Sensitivity, specificity, and kappa agreement of the DTDS compared with PEDS were calculated.
RESULTS
The DTDS had a sensitivity of 100% in four age groups and 75-78% in the other three age groups. Specificity ranged from 96 to 99% across all age groups. The kappa measure showed substantial agreement in five age groups, a moderate agreement in one age group, and a fair agreement in one age group.
CONCLUSIONS
The DTDS is a valid screening tool for early identification of developmental delays and disabilities in early childhood.
PubMed: 36071880
DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.924017 -
BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 2020Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) and local positioning systems (LPS) are to date common tools to measure external training load in athletes. The aim of this... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE
Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) and local positioning systems (LPS) are to date common tools to measure external training load in athletes. The aim of this scoping review was to map out and critically appraise the methods used to validate different GNSS and LPS used in team sports.
METHOD
A total of 48 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. The reference systems applied in the validations, and the parameters investigated were extracted from the studies.
RESULTS
The results show a substantial range of reference systems used to validate GNSS and LPS and a substantial number of investigated parameters. The majority of the validation studies have employed relatively simple field-based research designs, with use of measure tape/known distance as reference measure for distance. Timing gates and radar guns were frequently used as reference system for average and peak speed. Fewer studies have used reference system that allow for validation of instantaneous dynamic position, such as infrared camera-based motion capture systems.
CONCLUSIONS
Because most validation studies use simple and cost-effective reference systems which do not allow to quantify the exact path athletes travel and hence misjudge the true path length and speed, caution should be taken when interpreting the results of validation studies, especially when comparing results between studies. Studies validating instantaneous dynamic position-based measures is warranted, since they may have a wider application and enable comparisons both between studies and over time.
PubMed: 33062300
DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000794 -
Sports Medicine - Open Oct 2022In intermittent team and racquet sports, metabolic loads are rarely investigated as they are difficult to examine, e.g., by portable metabolic carts and lactate...
BACKGROUND
In intermittent team and racquet sports, metabolic loads are rarely investigated as they are difficult to examine, e.g., by portable metabolic carts and lactate measures. However, determining the instantaneous metabolic power of intermittent running from acceleration and speed data is possible. Recently, this potential has gained more interest in research and practice due to the development of player tracking technologies that allow easy access to the required data. The aim of this review was to systematically investigate the validity and point out the evidence of this new approach for estimating metabolic loads in intermittent sports. To provide an in-depth understanding of this approach and its validity, the fundamental aspects of the underlying concept were also considered.
METHODS
PubMed®, Cochrane Library, Web of Science™, and BISp-surf databases were included in the search conducted on March 1, 2021. Studies assessing physiological and methodological validation as well as conceptual studies of the metabolic power approach in intermittent sports players without diseases or injuries were deemed eligible. The quality assessment was implemented using a modified 12-item version of the Downs and Black checklist. Additionally, a best-evidence synthesis of the validation studies was performed to clarify the direction and strength of the evidence.
RESULTS
Of 947 studies that were identified, 31 met the eligibility criteria of which 7 were physiological, 13 methodological validation, and 11 conceptual studies. Gold standards for validating the metabolic power approach were predominantly oxygen uptake with 6 and traditional running speed analysis with 8 studies for physiological and methodological validation, respectively. The best-evidence synthesis showed conflicting to strong and moderate to strong evidence for physiological and methodological validity of the approach, respectively. The conceptual studies revealed several modifications regarding the approach that need to be considered. Otherwise, incorrect implementation can occur.
CONCLUSIONS
Evidence of the physiological validity of the metabolic power approach ranged from conflicting to strong. However, this should be treated with caution as the validation studies were often partially implemented incorrectly as shown by the underlying concept studies. Moreover, strong evidence indicated that the approach is valid from a methodological perspective. Future studies must consider what the metabolic power approach can and cannot actually display.
PubMed: 36282365
DOI: 10.1186/s40798-022-00525-9 -
Humanities & Social Sciences... 2023The literature has shown that sexual health literacy has limited applicability in many developing countries. The present study, therefore, aimed to develop and examine...
The literature has shown that sexual health literacy has limited applicability in many developing countries. The present study, therefore, aimed to develop and examine the validity and reliability of the Sexual Health Literacy Scale (SHLS) among a sample of 595 Iranian university students. The first analysis yielded themes obtained from a qualitative content analysis of the 118-item SHLS scale. Concepts were extracted using the method of latent content analysis (Bengtsson, NursingPlus Open 2:8-16, 2016). 327 initial codes were extracted and main categories (Elo and Kyngäs, J Adv Nurs. 62 (1): 107-115, 2007) or themes (Graneheim and Lundman, Nurse Education Today 24: 105-112, 2004) obtained consisting of the information source, individual barriers, understanding and application, capacity and motivation, damage, skills, sexual rights, and socio-cultural barriers. In the second analysis, the 595 students were randomly split into two groups. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted on the themes derived and quantified in Phase 1. 6 Factors were obtained and found to be consistent in both groups. Criterion-related validity of sexual health literacy was determined by stepwise multiple regression to predict marital satisfaction. The reliability of SHLS was also investigated. The third analysis examined the fit of the 6 factors obtained from the 595 students in the original sample to a new sample of 221 university students using cross-validation via confirmatory factor analysis. We developed and validated a six-factor structure of the Sexual Health Literacy Scale 106 (SHLS-106): factor 1, Sexual Skills; factor 2, Individual Socio-cultural Barriers; factor 3, Sexual Vulnerability; factor 4, Resources to Access Sexual Information; factor 5, Understanding and Application; factor 6, Capacity and Motivation. SHLS-106 shows good test-retest reliability and criterion, incremental and convergent validities. This is the first study to examine the validity and reliability of the Sexual Health Literacy Scale in an Iranian sample. Considering the acceptable validity and reliability of this instrument, the psychometric properties of SHLS-106 need to be further investigated in diverse, more extended samples to clarify the extent of application of this scale in different settings. SHLS-106 can effectively examine sexual health literacy, a dynamic scale in nature influenced by the individual, healthcare system, contextual, and social factors in different cultures.
PubMed: 37128300
DOI: 10.1057/s41599-023-01669-z -
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes Aug 2020Psychological flexibility is considered a fundamental aspect of health. It includes six interrelated facets: 1) cognitive defusion, 2) acceptance, 3) contact with the...
BACKGROUND
Psychological flexibility is considered a fundamental aspect of health. It includes six interrelated facets: 1) cognitive defusion, 2) acceptance, 3) contact with the present moment, 4) self-as-context, 5) values, and 6) committed action. To gain further insight into psychological flexibility and its effects on health, reliable and valid instruments to assess all facets are needed. Committed action is one facet that is understudied. A long and short version of a validated measure (CAQ and CAQ-8) have been developed in English. Currently, there are no German versions of the CAQ. Aim of this study is to validate German-language versions of these in a chronic pain population.
METHODS
The CAQ instructions and items were translated and evaluated in a chronic pain population (N = 181). Confirmatory factor analysis and Mokken scale analysis were conducted to evaluate the German questionnaires. Correlations with health outcomes, including quality of life (SF-12), physical and emotional functioning (MPI, BPI, PHQ-9, GAD-7), pain intensity, and with other facets of psychological flexibility (CPAQ, FAH-II) were investigated for convergent validity purposes. Scale reliability was assessed by the alpha, MS, lambda-2, LCRC, and omega coefficient.
RESULTS
A bifactor model consisting of one general factor and two methodological factors emerged from the analysis. Criteria for reliability and validity were met. Medium to strong correlations to health outcomes and other facets of psychological flexibility were found. Results were similar to the original English version.
CONCLUSIONS
The present study presents a valid and reliable instrument to investigate committed action in German populations. Future studies could expand the present findings by evaluating the German CAQ versions in non-pain populations. The role of committed action and the wider psychological flexibility model in pain and other conditions deserves further investigation.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adult; Chronic Pain; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Quality of Life; Reproducibility of Results; Surveys and Questionnaires; Translations
PubMed: 32746838
DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01497-8 -
Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal :... Jun 2021To date, a validated Chinese (Mandarin) six-minute walk test (6MWT) translated instruction is not available. Translation of the Chinese 6MWT instruction is done in an...
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE
To date, a validated Chinese (Mandarin) six-minute walk test (6MWT) translated instruction is not available. Translation of the Chinese 6MWT instruction is done in an manner within the Chinese-speaking populations. This study aimed to develop a set of valid and reliable Chinese (Mandarin) instructions of the 6MWT.
METHODS
Translation was performed from the original English instruction via the recommended "Process of translation and adaptation of instruments" by the World Health Organization to generate the Chinese instructions. The Chinese instructions were tested with 52 healthy adult participants for its validity. Each participant underwent three 6MWTs and a cardiopulmonary exercise test. Randomization allowed participants to undergo the walk test in both the original English and the new Chinese instructions. Face and content validity, intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the Chinese instructions of the 6MWT were established through the translation process. Criterion validity was established by analyzing the results of the 6MWT and cardiopulmonary exercise test.
RESULTS
Intraclass correlation coefficient for inter-rater reliability was excellent ( , 95% confidence -1.000). Similarly, the intra-rater reliability across the three raters was high (R1: , 95% confidence interval -1.000; R2: , 95% -1.000; R3: , 95% -1.000). The 6-min walk distances collected from the Chinese and English instructed trials correlated positively with the maximal oxygen consumption ( , ; , ).
CONCLUSION
This is the first study to develop and validate the Chinese (Mandarin) instructions of the 6MWT, and the translation is as reliable and valid as the original English instructions.
PubMed: 34054256
DOI: 10.1142/S1013702521500049 -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2022This study aimed to develop a new chewing problem directory (CPD) and validate it with oral health indicators such as total occlusion force, number of natural and... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to develop a new chewing problem directory (CPD) and validate it with oral health indicators such as total occlusion force, number of natural and rehabilitated teeth (NRT), NRT posterior, natural teeth, natural teeth posterior, and dental status among Korean elders.
BACKGROUND
Chewing problem is the main oral health problem in elders. However, there has been no validated tool using both subjective and objective assessment of chewing problem.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
A total of 537 participants aged 65 years or more were randomly assigned into 2 subsamples: developing sample (n = 260) for developing and internally validating the new CPD as the 1st stage and confirmation sample (n = 277) for confirming validation of CPD as the 2nd stage. CPD was developed using three subjective questionnaires (general eating, chewing nuts, and chewing meat problem) and objective NRT. Periodontitis, age, sex, education, smoking, alcohol drinking, metabolic syndrome, and frailty were considered as confounders. Following the development of CPD, CPD was validated using multiple multivariable logistic regression after controlling for confounders in confirmation sample and total sample.
RESULTS
The Cronbach's alpha value for three subjective questionnaires of CPD was 0.87. Among oral health indicators, NRT (0-28) showed the highest impact association with subjective chewing problem score (partial r = - 0.276). The chewing problem from the new CPD was associated with all items of oral health indicators. The prevalence of chewing problems by CPD was 57.7% in developing sample. Elders with NRT ≤ 24, compared with those with NRT ≥ 25, showed the highest impact on chewing problems by new CPD (Odds Ratio = 7.3 in the confirmation sample and 5.04 in the total sample, p < 0.05) among oral health indicators.
CONCLUSION
This new CPD was developed as a valid tool to evaluate the chewing problem for Korean elders in dental clinics and community-based settings.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Mastication; Mouth, Edentulous; Oral Health; Patient Acuity; Republic of Korea; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 35752793
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02290-3 -
World Journal of Diabetes Apr 2023Diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy is an important risk factor for foot ulceration and amputation. Thus, patients with diabetes should be screened for this disorder...
BACKGROUND
Diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy is an important risk factor for foot ulceration and amputation. Thus, patients with diabetes should be screened for this disorder according to local guidelines. An obstacle to the diagnosis of this disease may be the lack of unified diagnostic criteria due to the lack of properly validated scales used for assessment.
AIM
To validate both sections (A and B) of the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) in Polish (PL) patients with diabetes.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study using a test (A1, B1) and re-test (A2, B2) formula was performed in 80 patients with diabetes. The gold standard used for neuropathy detection was a nerve conduction study (NCS) which was performed in all participants. Reliability of the MNSI-PL was assessed using the Cronbach's alpha, Kuder-Richardson formula 20 (KR-20), split-half reliability, the Gottman split-half tests, and correlation between first and second half was accessed. Stability was assessed using an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). For external validation, we used simple linear correlation, binomial regression, and agreement between two different tools using a Bland-Altman plot analysis.
RESULTS
The scale was internally consistent (Cronbach's alpha for the full scale: 0.81 for A and 0.87 for B). MNSI-PL scores in test/retest showed high stability (ICC = 0.73 for A and ICC = 0.97 for B). The statistically important correlations between MNSI-PL and NCS were found for B1, B2, and A1 ( < 0.005). The cut-off points of ≥ 3 for section A (sensitivity of 90%-100%; specificity of 33%-40%) and ≥ 2 for section B (sensitivity of 81%-84%; specificity of 60%-70%) were obtained during neuropathy detection.
CONCLUSION
The MNSI-PL is a reliable and valid instrument in screening for diabetic neuropathy.
PubMed: 37122429
DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i4.435 -
Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem Nov 2019to construct and validate an educational booklet for the elderly, with guidelines on sleep hygiene.
OBJECTIVE
to construct and validate an educational booklet for the elderly, with guidelines on sleep hygiene.
METHOD
a methodological research with booklet construction; validation by 22 judges and evaluation by 22 elderly people. The content was extracted from the guidelines of the Brazilian Sleep Association and the elderly health manual of the Human Rights Office. The item with Content Validity Index (CVI) greater than 0.8 or whose concordance ratio verified with the Binomial Test was valid and statistically equal to or greater than 80%.
RESULTS
the booklet presented 14 guidelines for the elderly about sleep hygiene distributed over 25 pages. All items were evaluated as relevant. The CVI had an average of 0.95 by the judges and 0.95 by the elderly.
CONCLUSION
the booklet was constructed and validated as to its content and appearance. It can be used by health professionals in the various services with the elderly.
Topics: Brazil; Geriatrics; Humans; Pamphlets; Sleep Hygiene; Surveys and Questionnaires; Validation Studies as Topic
PubMed: 31826213
DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0603