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Proceedings of the Institution of... Mar 2021Several researchers investigated the anatomy and biomechanics of the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) to understand the relationship between lower back pain and the SIJ. Many...
Several researchers investigated the anatomy and biomechanics of the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) to understand the relationship between lower back pain and the SIJ. Many studies concluded that the SIJ has little movement; however, some studies using spinopelvic parameters mentioned high change in pelvic incidence (PI). In this study, SIJ movement and PI change reported in previous studies were reviewed according to position and posture changes. Literature on SIJ movement was reviewed by searching through the publication databases. In biomechanical studies, the result of the rotational angle in the sagittal plane was mainly investigated to compare with the results of PI change. From the results of SIJ movement studies, the minimum movement of nutation and count-nutation was 0.01°, and maximum movement was 2.27°. From the results of PI change studies with different positions and movements, the highest change was 9°, and the lowest change was 0°. Movement of the SIJ was limited by its anatomical structure; maximum movement of the SIJ was 9° in a previous study. Therefore, SIJ movement should be studied more intensely as biomechanical perspective to understand its movement.
Topics: Biomechanical Phenomena; Humans; Movement; Posture; Sacroiliac Joint
PubMed: 33256545
DOI: 10.1177/0954411920978021 -
Complementary Therapies in Clinical... May 2022While mental health care needs have increased during the global pandemic, access to care has been reduced. Easily accessible alternative interventions may supplement... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
While mental health care needs have increased during the global pandemic, access to care has been reduced. Easily accessible alternative interventions may supplement existing mental health services to meet the increased need of mental health care. Our review explored the evidence of two alternative interventions, religious/spiritual (R/S) singing and R/S movement (dynamic meditation and praise dance), in relation to mental health outcomes.
METHOD
After registering with PROSPERO (CRD42020189495), a systematic search of three major databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO) was undertaken using predetermined eligibility criteria. Reference lists of identified papers and additional sources such as Google Scholar were searched. Quality of studies was assessed using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Data was extracted, tabulated, and synthesised according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) guidelines.
RESULTS
Seven of the 259 identified studies met inclusion criteria. Three studies considered R/S singing, while four considered R/S movement. In R/S movements, three studies considered dynamic meditation while one investigated praise dance. Although moderate to poor in quality, included studies indicated a positive trend for the effectiveness of R/S singing and movement in dealing with mental health concerns.
CONCLUSION
While R/S singing and R/S movement (praise dance and dynamic meditation) may be of value as mental health strategies, findings of the review need to be considered with caution due to methodological constraints. The limited number and poor quality of included studies highlight the need for further quality research in these R/S practices in mental health.
Topics: Humans; Meditation; Mental Health; Movement; Pandemics; Singing
PubMed: 35257992
DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101567 -
Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) Jan 2021Cold-water immersion (CWI) is one of the main recovery methods used in sports, and is commonly utilized as a means to expedite the recovery of performance during periods... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Cold-water immersion (CWI) is one of the main recovery methods used in sports, and is commonly utilized as a means to expedite the recovery of performance during periods of exercise training. In recent decades, there have been indications that regular CWI use is potentially harmful to resistance training adaptations, and, conversely, potentially beneficial to endurance training adaptations. The current meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of the regular CWI use during exercise training on resistance (i.e., strength) and endurance (i.e., aerobic exercise) performance alterations.
METHODS
A computerized literature search was conducted, ending on November 25, 2019. The databases searched were MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and SPORTDiscus. The selected studies investigated the effects of chronic CWI interventions associated with resistance and endurance training sessions on exercise performance improvements. The criteria for inclusion of studies were: (1) being a controlled investigation; (2) conducted with humans; (3) CWI performed at ≤ 15 °C; (4) being associated with a regular training program; and (5) having performed baseline and post-training assessments.
RESULTS
Eight articles were included before the review process. A harmful effect of CWI associated with resistance training was verified for one-repetition maximum, maximum isometric strength, and strength endurance performance (overall standardized mean difference [SMD] = - 0.60; Confidence interval of 95% [CI95%] = - 0.87, - 0.33; p < 0.0001), as well as for Ballistic efforts performance (overall SMD = - 0.61; CI95% = - 1.11, - 0.11; p = 0.02). On the other hand, selected studies verified no effect of CWI associated with endurance training on time-trial (mean power), maximal aerobic power in graded exercise test performance (overall SMD = - 0.07; CI95% = - 0.54, 0.53; p = 0.71), or time-trial performance (duration) (overall SMD = 0.00; CI95% = - 0.58, 0.58; p = 1.00).
CONCLUSIONS
The regular use of CWI associated with exercise programs has a deleterious effect on resistance training adaptations but does not appear to affect aerobic exercise performance.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
PROSPERO CRD42018098898.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Cold Temperature; Exercise; Humans; Immersion; Resistance Training; Water
PubMed: 33146851
DOI: 10.1007/s40279-020-01362-0 -
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews Jul 2023The difficulty in assessing FOG and the variety of existing cues, hamper to determine which cueing modality should be applied and which FOG-related aspect should be... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The difficulty in assessing FOG and the variety of existing cues, hamper to determine which cueing modality should be applied and which FOG-related aspect should be targeted to reach personalized treatments for FOG. This systematic review aimed to highlight: i) whether cues could reduce FOG and improve FOG-related gait parameters, ii) which cues are the most effective, iii) whether medication state (ON-OFF) affects cues-related results. Thirty-three repeated measure design studies assessing cueing effectiveness were included and subdivided according to gait tasks (gait initiation, walking, turning) and to the medication state. Main results reveal that: preparatory phase of gait initiation benefit from visual and auditory cues; spatio-temporal parameters (e.g., step and stride length) are improved by visual cues during walking; turning time and step time variability are reduced by applying auditory and visual cues. Some findings on the potential benefits of cueing on FOG and FOG gait-related parameters were found. Questions remain about which are the best behavioral strategies according to FOG features and PD clinical characteristics.
Topics: Humans; Parkinson Disease; Cues; Gait Disorders, Neurologic; Gait; Walking
PubMed: 37086934
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105189 -
Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy... Jul 2023Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most common vestibular disorders, and is treated effectively with particle repositioning maneuvers (PRM). The... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most common vestibular disorders, and is treated effectively with particle repositioning maneuvers (PRM). The aim of this study was to assess the influence of BPPV and treatment effects of PRM on gait, falls, and fear of falling.
METHODS
Three databases and the reference lists of included articles were systematically searched for studies comparing gait and/or falls between (1) people with BPPV (pwBPPV) and controls and (2) pre- and posttreatment with PRM. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools were used to assess risk of bias.
RESULTS
Twenty of the 25 included studies were suitable for meta-analysis. Quality assessment resulted in 2 studies with high risk of bias, 13 with moderate risk, and 10 with low risk. PwBPPV walked slower and demonstrated more sway during tandem walking compared with controls. PwBPPV also walked slower during head rotations. After PRM, gait velocity during level walking increased significantly, and gait became safer according to gait assessment scales. Impairments during tandem walking and walking with head rotations did not improve. The number of fallers was significantly higher for pwBPPV than for controls. After treatment, the number of falls, number of pwBPPV who fell, and fear of falling decreased.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
BPPV increases the odds of falls and negatively impacts spatiotemporal parameters of gait. PRM improves falls, fear of falling, and gait during level walking. Additional rehabilitation might be necessary to improve gait while walking with head movements or tandem walking.Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see the Supplemental Digital Content Video, available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A421 ).
Topics: Humans; Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo; Fear; Gait; Walking
PubMed: 36897200
DOI: 10.1097/NPT.0000000000000438 -
International Endodontic Journal Feb 2017The aim of this review was to provide a detailed analysis of the literature concerning the correlation between different movement kinematics and the cyclic fatigue... (Review)
Review
The aim of this review was to provide a detailed analysis of the literature concerning the correlation between different movement kinematics and the cyclic fatigue resistance of NiTi rotary endodontic instruments. From June 2014 to August 2015, four independent reviewers comprehensively and systematically searched the Medline (PubMed), EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar databases for works published since January 2005, using the following search terms: endodontics; nickel-titanium rotary files; continuous rotation; reciprocating motion; cyclic fatigue. In addition to the electronic searches, manual searches were performed to include articles listed in the reference sections of high-impact published articles that were not indexed in the databases. Laboratory studies in English language were considered for this review. The electronic and manual searches resulted in identification of 75 articles. Based on the inclusion criteria, 32 articles were selected for analysis of full-text copies. Specific analysis was then made of 20 articles that described the effects of reciprocating and continuous movements on cyclic fatigue of the instruments. A wide range of testing conditions and methodologies have been used to compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of rotary endodontic instruments. Most studies report that reciprocating motion improves the fatigue resistance of endodontic instruments, compared to continuous rotation, independent of other variables such as the speed of rotation, the angle or radius of curvature of simulated canals, geometry and taper, or the surface characteristics of the NiTi instruments.
Topics: Alloys; Endodontics; Movement; Rotation
PubMed: 26825427
DOI: 10.1111/iej.12613 -
Journal of Rehabilitation Research and... 2015Following amputation, people with transfemoral amputation (TFA) and transtibial amputation (TTA) adapt with asymmetrical movements in the spinal and lower-limb joints.... (Review)
Review
Following amputation, people with transfemoral amputation (TFA) and transtibial amputation (TTA) adapt with asymmetrical movements in the spinal and lower-limb joints. The aim of this review is to describe the trunk, lumbopelvic, and hip joint movement asymmetries of the amputated limb of people with TFA and TTA during functional tasks as compared with the intact leg and/or referent leg of nondisabled controls. Electronic databases were searched from inception to February 2014. Studies with kinematic data comparing (1) amputated and intact leg and (2) amputated and referent leg of nondisabled controls were included (26 articles). Considerable heterogeneity in the studies precluded data pooling. During stance phase of walking in participants with TFA, there is moderate evidence for increased trunk lateral flexion toward the amputated limb as compared with the intact leg and increased anterior pelvic tilt as compared with nondisabled controls. None of the studies investigated spinal kinematics during other functional tasks such as running, ramp walking, stair climbing, or obstacle crossing in participants with TFA or TTA. Overall, persons with TFA adapt with trunk and pelvic movement asymmetries at the amputated limb to facilitate weight transfer during walking. Among participants with TTA, there is limited evidence of spinal and pelvic asymmetries during walking.
Topics: Amputation, Surgical; Biomechanical Phenomena; Femur; Hip Joint; Humans; Lower Extremity; Lumbar Vertebrae; Pelvic Bones; Tibia; Torso; Walking
PubMed: 26186283
DOI: 10.1682/JRRD.2014.05.0135 -
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral... Apr 2016To undertake a systematic review on the current knowledge regarding patient movement detection and patient motion artefacts related to cone beam computed tomography... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
To undertake a systematic review on the current knowledge regarding patient movement detection and patient motion artefacts related to cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging of the dentomaxillofacial region.
METHODS
The MEDLINE (PubMed) bibliographic database was searched for a period up to June 2015 for studies evaluating patient movement and/or motion artefacts in CBCT. The search strategy was restricted to English language publications using the following combined terms: (movement OR motion) AND (CBCT OR cone beam CT).
RESULTS
The search strategy yielded eight publications, which qualitatively or quantitatively evaluated patient movement and/or patient motion artefacts in CBCT.
CONCLUSIONS
The literature suggests that patient movement usually presents itself in CBCT images as stripe-like and ring-like patterns, double bone contours, and overall lack of sharpness. Studies monitoring patients during CBCT examination reported a prevalence of movement in approximately 20% of the cases, and studies based on image artefact recognition to define patient movement reported prevalence as high as 41.5%. There seems to be a consensus on the fact that young patients (children and adolescents) often move during the examination.
Topics: Artifacts; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Head Movements; Humans
PubMed: 26972541
DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2015.11.019 -
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine &... Feb 2023The Achilles tendon (AT) can be exposed to considerable stress during athletic activities and is often subject to pathologies such as tendinopathies. When designing a... (Review)
Review
The Achilles tendon (AT) can be exposed to considerable stress during athletic activities and is often subject to pathologies such as tendinopathies. When designing a prevention or rehabilitation protocol, mechanical loading is a key factor to consider. This implies being able to accurately determine the load applied to the AT when performing exercises that stress this tendon. A systematic review was performed to synthesize the load borne by the AT during exercises/activities. Three databases (Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane) were searched for articles up to May 2021, and only the studies assessing the AT load in newtons relative to body-weight (BW) on humans during activities or exercises were included. Most of the 11 included studies assessed AT load when running or walking (N = 10), and only three tested exercises were usually performed during rehabilitation. The load on the tendon ranged from 2.7 to 3.95 BW when walking, from 4.15 to 7.71 BW when running, and from 0.41 to 7.3 BW according to the strengthening exercise performed. From the collected data, a progression of exercises progressively loading the Achilles tendon, as well as the possible connections with walking and running activities, could be defined. However, the trends highlighted in the relationship between tendon loading and walking or running speeds present some inconsistencies. Further research is still needed to clarify them, but also to complete the data set in healthy and injured people.
Topics: Humans; Achilles Tendon; Exercise; Walking; Running; Exercise Therapy
PubMed: 36278501
DOI: 10.1111/sms.14242 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2022Motor, gait and balance disorders reduce functional capabilities for activities of daily living in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Robot-assisted gait therapy (RAGT)... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Motor, gait and balance disorders reduce functional capabilities for activities of daily living in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Robot-assisted gait therapy (RAGT) is being used to complement conventional therapy (CT) or treadmill therapy (TT) in CP rehabilitation. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the effect of RAGT on gait, balance and functional independence in CP children, in comparison to CT or TT.
METHODS
We have conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis. A search in PubMed Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, PEDro and SciELO has been conducted for articles published until October 2022. Controlled clinical trials (CCT), in which RAGT was compared to TT or CT and assessed gait speed, step and stride length, width step, walking distance, cadence, standing ability, walking, running and jumping ability, gross motor function and functional independence in children with CP, have been included. Methodological quality was assessed with the PEDro scale and the pooled effect was calculated with Cohen's Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) and its 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI).
RESULTS
A total of 15 CCTs have been included, providing data from 413 participants, with an averaged methodological quality of 5.73 ± 1.1 points in PEDro. The main findings of this review are that RAGT shows better results than CT in the post-intervention assessment for gait speed (SMD 0.56; 95% CI 0.03 to 1.1), walking distance (SMD 2; 95% CI 0.36 to 3.65) and walking, running and jumping ability (SMD 0.63; 95% CI 0.12 to 1.14).
CONCLUSIONS
This study shows that the effect of RAGT is superior to CT on gait speed, walking distance and walking, running and jumping ability in post-intervention, although no differences were found between RAGT and TT or CT for the remaining variables.
Topics: Humans; Child; Robotics; Cerebral Palsy; Activities of Daily Living; Gait; Walking; Exercise Therapy
PubMed: 36560281
DOI: 10.3390/s22249910