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Research Quarterly For Exercise and... Jun 2019A systematic review was conducted to identify facilitators and barriers to movement integration (MI) in elementary school classrooms.
PURPOSE
A systematic review was conducted to identify facilitators and barriers to movement integration (MI) in elementary school classrooms.
METHOD
Online databases (Educational Resources Information Center, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, and PubMed) served as data sources for the study. Following the PRISMA guidelines, relevant published research on MI was identified and screened for inclusion in a qualitative synthesis. Content analysis of the included articles (N = 28) was used to identify themes of MI facilitators and barriers. Facilitators and barriers were then categorized using a social-ecological framework.
RESULTS
A total of 12 themes of MI facilitators and barriers were identified and categorized into two social-ecological levels: institutional factors (e.g., administrative support, resources) and intrapersonal factors (e.g., teacher confidence, ease of implementation).
CONCLUSION
This review can inform research and practice aimed at supporting the implementation of MI in elementary classrooms.
Topics: Child; Curriculum; Exercise; Family; Health Promotion; Humans; Movement; Physical Education and Training; School Teachers; Schools; Teacher Training
PubMed: 30794089
DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2019.1571675 -
Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine :... Nov 2022This study aims to explore the polysomnographically measured sleep and leg movement differences between idiopathic restless legs syndrome (RLS) patients and healthy... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
STUDY OBJECTIVES
This study aims to explore the polysomnographically measured sleep and leg movement differences between idiopathic restless legs syndrome (RLS) patients and healthy controls.
METHODS
An electronic literature search was conducted in EMBASE, MEDLINE, all EBM databases, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. Only observational case-control studies were included in the meta-analysis. The differences in 13 sleep parameters and 23 leg movement parameters between RLS patients and healthy controls were explored.
RESULTS
Thirty-eight studies were identified for systematic review, 31 of which were used for meta-analysis. Meta-analyses revealed significant reductions in total sleep time, sleep efficiency, stage N2 and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep percentages, and increases in wake time after sleep onset, stage shifts per hour, stage N1 percentage, REM latency, arousal index, and apnea-hypopnea index. Some leg movement parameters, such as periodic limb movement during sleep (PLMS) index, PLMS sequence duration, number of PLMS sequence, and periodicity index, were higher in RLS patients compared with healthy controls. Further, our meta-analysis revealed a higher PLMS index during non-REM sleep compared with that during REM sleep.
CONCLUSIONS
RLS patients manifest a lightening of sleep, increased sleep fragmentation, and greater sleep-related breathing disruption and limb movements during sleep relative to healthy normal individuals. The distributions of PLMS during a night's sleep may provide more information to clarify the specific characteristics of leg movements in RLS. PLMS in RLS are concentrated in non-REM sleep. The periodicity index may be a more sensitive and specific marker of RLS than the PLMS index.
CITATION
Zhang H, Zhang Y, Ren R, et al. Polysomnographic features of idiopathic restless legs syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 sleep parameters and 23 leg movement parameters. . 2022;18(11):2561-2575.
Topics: Humans; Restless Legs Syndrome; Leg; Sleep; Polysomnography; Movement
PubMed: 35903949
DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10160 -
Perceptual-Cognitive Function and Unplanned Athletic Movement Task Performance: A Systematic Review.International Journal of Environmental... Oct 2020The performance of choice-reaction tasks during athletic movement has been demonstrated to evoke unfavorable biomechanics in the lower limb. However, the mechanism of...
The performance of choice-reaction tasks during athletic movement has been demonstrated to evoke unfavorable biomechanics in the lower limb. However, the mechanism of this observation is unknown. We conducted a systematic review examining the association between (1) the biomechanical and functional safety of unplanned sports-related movements (e.g., jumps/runs with a spontaneously indicated landing leg/cutting direction) and (2) markers of perceptual-cognitive function (PCF). A literature search in three databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar) identified five relevant articles. The study quality, rated by means of a modified Downs and Black checklist, was moderate to high (average: 13/16 points). Four of five papers, in at least one parameter, found either an association of PCF with task safety or significantly reduced task safety in low vs. high PCF performers. However, as (a) the outcomes, populations and statistical methods of the included trials were highly heterogeneous and (b) only two out of five studies had an adequate control condition (pre-planned movement task), the evidence was classified as conflicting. In summary, PCF may represent a factor affecting injury risk and performance during unplanned sports-related movements, but future research strengthening the evidence for this association is warranted.
Topics: Athletic Injuries; Biomechanical Phenomena; Cognition; Humans; Lower Extremity; Movement; Sports
PubMed: 33066649
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207481 -
Research in Developmental Disabilities Dec 2020Studying sit-to-stand (STS) in children with Cerebral Palsy addressing the domains of ICF allows determining the factors influencing STS in this population. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Studying sit-to-stand (STS) in children with Cerebral Palsy addressing the domains of ICF allows determining the factors influencing STS in this population.
AIMS
To systematically review the literature on STS in children with CP, identifying which ICF domains have been assessed and how they relate to sit-to-stand.
METHODS AND PROCEDURES
A literature search was conducted in electronic databases by combining the keywords (child OR children OR adolescent) AND ("Cerebral Palsy") AND (sit-to-stand). We included cross-sectional articles published in English, that assessed STS movements in children with CP up to 18 years old.
OUTCOMES AND RESULTS
25 articles met the inclusion criteria. All of them assessed Body Functions and Structure. According to them, body alignment, muscle strength and postural sway affect STS movement. Six studies related Activity and Participation with STS, demonstrating that worse scores in scales that evaluate activities and participation are related to the poorer STS execution. Contextual factors were addressed in 15 studies: children's age, bench height, manipulation of sensory information and mechanical restriction impact the way children execute STS.
CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS
Contextual factors and Body Functions and Structure impact the STS in children with CP. However, few studies have evaluated the participation of these children. Based on the theoretical framework of the ICF, it is important that future studies evaluate functional tasks in children with CP and the components that can affect them. The adoption of the biopsychosocial model strengthens the understanding of functioning, which can contribute to rehabilitation planning.
Topics: Adolescent; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Disabled Persons; Humans; International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health; Movement
PubMed: 33160191
DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103804 -
Experimental Gerontology Nov 2017With increasing age motor functions decline. The additional challenges of executing bimanual movements further hinder motor functions in older adults. The current... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
With increasing age motor functions decline. The additional challenges of executing bimanual movements further hinder motor functions in older adults. The current systematic review and meta-analysis determined the effects of healthy aging on performance in bimanual movements as compared to younger adults.
METHODS
Our comprehensive search identified 27 studies that reported bimanual movement performance measures. Each study included a between groups comparison of older (mean age=68.79years) and younger adults (mean age=23.14years). The 27 qualified studies generated 40 total outcome measure comparisons: (a) accuracy: 18, (b) variability: 14, and (c) movement time: eight.
RESULTS
Our meta-analysis conducted on a random effects model identified a relatively large negative standardized mean difference effect (ES=-0.93). This indicates that older adults exhibited more impaired bimanual movement performance in comparison to younger adults in our group of studies. Specifically, a moderator variable analysis revealed large negative effects in both accuracy (ES=-0.94) and variability (ES=-1.00), as well as a moderate negative effect (ES=-0.71) for movement time. These findings indicate that older adults displayed reduced accuracy, greater variability, and longer execution time when executing bimanual movements.
CONCLUSION
These meta-analytic findings revealed that aging impairs bimanual movement performance.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aging; Female; Functional Laterality; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Motor Activity; Psychomotor Performance; Time Factors; Upper Extremity; Young Adult
PubMed: 28890358
DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.09.001 -
Journal of Sport Rehabilitation May 2022Poor lower-extremity biomechanics are predictive of increased risk of injury. Clinicians analyze the single-leg squat (SLS) and step-down (SD) with rubrics and 2D...
CONTEXT
Poor lower-extremity biomechanics are predictive of increased risk of injury. Clinicians analyze the single-leg squat (SLS) and step-down (SD) with rubrics and 2D assessments to identify these poor lower-extremity biomechanics. However, evidence on measurement properties of movement assessment tools is not strongly outlined. Measurement properties must be established before movement assessment tools are recommended for clinical use.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to systematically review the evidence on measurement properties of rubrics and 2D assessments used to analyze an SLS and SD.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
The search strategy was developed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines. The search was performed in PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases. The COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments multiphase procedure was used to extract relevant data, evaluate methodological quality of each study, score the results of each movement assessment, and synthesize the evidence.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
A total of 44 studies were included after applying eligibility criteria. Reliability and construct validity of knee frontal plane projection angle was acceptable, but criterion validity was unacceptable. Reliability of the Chmielewski rubric was unacceptable. Content validity of the knee-medial-foot and pelvic drop rubrics was acceptable. The remaining rubrics and 2D measurements had inconclusive or conflicting results regarding reliability and validity.
CONCLUSIONS
Knee frontal plane projection angle is reliable for analyzing the SLS and SD; however, it does not serve as a substitute for 3D motion analysis. The Chmielewski rubric is not recommended for assessing the SLS or SD as it may be unreliable. Most movement assessment tools yield indeterminate results. Within the literature, standardized names, procedures, and reporting of movement assessment tool reliability and validity are inconsistent.
Topics: Biomechanical Phenomena; Humans; Leg; Lower Extremity; Movement; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 34996031
DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2021-0287 -
Journal of Affective Disorders Mar 2021PTSD in youth is more common and debilitating than it was previously thought. This untreated condition is highly correlated to critical mental health condition, such as... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
PTSD in youth is more common and debilitating than it was previously thought. This untreated condition is highly correlated to critical mental health condition, such as depression, anxiety disruptive-behaviours, and substance use disorders. Despite the growing number of studies investigating Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in childhood and adolescent, results have not been systematically revised since 2017. The aim of this work is to systematically reviewed all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of EMDR on PTSD symptoms in children and adolescent and asses whether EMDR therapy was effective to improve anxious and/or depressive symptoms.
METHODS
In a short series of articles, we will review the efficacy of EMDR on children and adolescent with PTSD and comorbid symptoms. The present brief review will focus on randomized controlled trials with an EMDR group condition compared to a control group published until January 2020.
RESULTS
eight studies (n = 150) met our inclusion criteria. Preliminary analyses showed that EMDR has a comparable efficacy to cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) in reducing PTSD, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms and was superior to waitlist/placebo condition. Moreover EMDR seems to be more effective in a shorter period of time.
CONCLUSION
despite the small number of studies, the preliminary results suggest that EMDR therapy could be an effective treatment for children and adolescent with PTSD and anxious and/or depressive symptoms. Further research is needed to support these results.
Topics: Adolescent; Anxiety Disorders; Child; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing; Eye Movements; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33421861
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.088 -
Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) Nov 2014Knee joint mechanics during sidestepping are associated with anterior cruciate ligament injury. Unplanned sidestepping more closely emulates game scenarios when compared... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Knee joint mechanics during sidestepping are associated with anterior cruciate ligament injury. Unplanned sidestepping more closely emulates game scenarios when compared with planned sidestepping by limiting decision time, increasing knee loading and challenging the integrity of soft-tissue structures in the knee. It is important to quantify the loads that may challenge the integrity of the knee during planned and unplanned sidestepping.
OBJECTIVE
Our objective was to review literature on knee mechanics during planned and unplanned phases of sidestepping.
DATA SOURCES
PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE (EBSCO), SPORTDiscus and Web of Science were searched using the terms knee mechanics OR knee kine*, AND plan*, unplan*, anticipat*, unanticipat*, side*, cut* or chang*.
STUDY SELECTION
A systematic approach was used to evaluate 4,629 records. Records were excluded when not available in English, only available in abstract of conference proceedings, not involving a change-of-direction sidestep, not comparing planned and unplanned or maintaining a running velocity greater than 2 m s(−1).
DATA EXTRACTION
Included studies were evaluated independently by two authors using a custom-designed methodological quality assessment derived from the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale and then confirmed by a third author.
DATA SYNTHESIS
Only six studies met the inclusion criteria and were retained for meta-analysis. Magnitude-based inferences were used to assess the standardised effect of the differences between planned and unplanned sidestepping. Knee angles and knee moments were extracted and reported for flexion/extension, abduction/adduction and internal/external rotation for initial contact, weight acceptance, peak push-off and final push-off phases of sidestepping.
RESULTS
For kinematic variables, unplanned sidestepping produced a wide range of small to large increases in knee extension angles, small and moderate increases in knee abduction angles and a small increase in internal rotation angle relative to planned sidestepping during the sidestepping manoeuvre. For kinetic variables, unplanned sidestepping produced mostly small (small to large) increases in knee flexor moments, small to moderate increases in knee abductor moments and mostly moderate (small to large) increases in internal rotator moments relative to planned sidestepping.
LIMITATIONS
Approach velocity constraints during the sidestepping manoeuvre were lifted due to the low number of eligible studies. The varying approach velocities included (ranging from 3.0 to 5.5 m s(−1)) may impact the kinematic and kinetic variables examined in this review.
CONCLUSIONS
Differences in knee mechanics between planned and unplanned sidestepping exist. The most substantial effects occurred during the weight acceptance phase of sidestepping. It seems that biomechanical factors commonly associated with anterior cruciate ligament injury risk are affected the most during the loading phase compared with peak push-off; made evident in the coronal (abductor) and transverse (internal rotator) knee kinetic data presented in this review. The authors of this review propose a rationale for the incorporation of unplanned sport tasks in the development of anterior cruciate ligament injury screening and in prophylactic training programmes.
Topics: Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; Athletic Injuries; Biomechanical Phenomena; Humans; Knee Joint; Movement; Weight-Bearing
PubMed: 25015478
DOI: 10.1007/s40279-014-0225-3 -
Journal of Medical Internet Research Feb 2024The high prevalence of unhealthy movement behaviors among young children remains a global public health issue. eHealth is considered a cost-effective approach that holds... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The high prevalence of unhealthy movement behaviors among young children remains a global public health issue. eHealth is considered a cost-effective approach that holds great promise for enhancing health and related behaviors. However, previous research on eHealth interventions aimed at promoting behavior change has primarily focused on adolescents and adults, leaving a limited body of evidence specifically pertaining to preschoolers.
OBJECTIVE
This review aims to examine the effectiveness of eHealth interventions in promoting 24-hour movement behaviors, specifically focusing on improving physical activity (PA) and sleep duration and reducing sedentary behavior among preschoolers. In addition, we assessed the moderating effects of various study characteristics on intervention effectiveness.
METHODS
We searched 6 electronic databases (PubMed, Ovid, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) for experimental studies with a randomization procedure that examined the effectiveness of eHealth interventions on 24-hour movement behaviors among preschoolers aged 2 to 6 years in February 2023. The study outcomes included PA, sleep duration, and sedentary time. A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the pooled effect using a random-effects model, and subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the potential effects of moderating factors such as intervention duration, intervention type, and risk of bias (ROB). The included studies underwent a rigorous ROB assessment using the Cochrane ROB tool. Moreover, the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) assessment.
RESULTS
Of the 7191 identified records, 19 (0.26%) were included in the systematic review. The meta-analysis comprised a sample of 2971 preschoolers, which was derived from 13 included studies. Compared with the control group, eHealth interventions significantly increased moderate to vigorous PA (Hedges g=0.16, 95% CI 0.03-0.30; P=.02) and total PA (Hedges g=0.37, 95% CI 0.02-0.72; P=.04). In addition, eHealth interventions significantly reduced sedentary time (Hedges g=-0.15, 95% CI -0.27 to -0.02; P=.02) and increased sleep duration (Hedges g=0.47, 95% CI 0.18-0.75; P=.002) immediately after the intervention. However, no significant moderating effects were observed for any of the variables assessed (P>.05). The quality of evidence was rated as "moderate" for moderate to vigorous intensity PA and sedentary time outcomes and "low" for sleep outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS
eHealth interventions may be a promising strategy to increase PA, improve sleep, and reduce sedentary time among preschoolers. To effectively promote healthy behaviors in early childhood, it is imperative for future studies to prioritize the development of rigorous comparative trials with larger sample sizes. In addition, researchers should thoroughly examine the effects of potential moderators. There is also a pressing need to comprehensively explore the long-term effects resulting from these interventions.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
PROSPERO CRD42022365003; http://tinyurl.com/3nnfdwh3.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Databases, Factual; Exercise; Health Behavior; Movement; Sedentary Behavior; Telemedicine; Health Promotion
PubMed: 38381514
DOI: 10.2196/52905 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2023Obesity has a critical impact on musculoskeletal systems, and excessive weight directly affects the ability of subjects to realize movements. It is important to monitor... (Review)
Review
Obesity has a critical impact on musculoskeletal systems, and excessive weight directly affects the ability of subjects to realize movements. It is important to monitor the activities of obese subjects, their functional limitations, and the overall risks related to specific motor tasks. From this perspective, this systematic review identified and summarized the main technologies specifically used to acquire and quantify movements in scientific studies involving obese subjects. The search for articles was carried out on electronic databases, i.e., PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. We included observational studies performed on adult obese subjects whenever reporting quantitative information concerning their movement. The articles must have been written in English, published after 2010, and concerned subjects who were primarily diagnosed with obesity, thus excluding confounding diseases. Marker-based optoelectronic stereophotogrammetric systems resulted to be the most adopted solution for movement analysis focused on obesity; indeed, wearable technologies based on magneto-inertial measurement units (MIMUs) were recently adopted for analyzing obese subjects. Further, these systems are usually integrated with force platforms, so as to have information about the ground reaction forces. However, few studies specifically reported the reliability and limitations of these approaches due to soft tissue artifacts and crosstalk, which turned out to be the most relevant problems to deal with in this context. In this perspective, in spite of their inherent limitations, medical imaging techniques-such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and biplane radiography-should be used to improve the accuracy of biomechanical evaluations in obese people, and to systematically validate less-invasive approaches.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Reproducibility of Results; Obesity; Movement; Wearable Electronic Devices; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PubMed: 36991886
DOI: 10.3390/s23063175