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Evidence-based Spine-care Journal Oct 2014Study Design Systematic review. Clinical Question What is the prevalence of incidental magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of the spine in asymptomatic... (Review)
Review
Study Design Systematic review. Clinical Question What is the prevalence of incidental magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of the spine in asymptomatic pediatric patients? Methods Electronic databases and reference lists of key articles were searched up to December 15, 2013, to identify studies reporting the incidence or prevalence of incidental findings on MRI in asymptomatic pediatric patients. Athletes or children with a known history of trauma, infection, or congenital abnormalities were excluded. Results Seven publications, one prospective cohort, and six cross-sectional studies met the inclusion criteria. The most commonly reported findings on MRI were disc-related and included degenerative disc disease (seven studies, prevalence 19.6%), disc herniation/protrusion (four studies, 2.9%), disc height/narrowed disc space (two studies, 33.7%), and endplate changes (two studies, 5.3%). Other disc-related findings, reported by one study each, included bulging disc, abnormal nucleus shape, annular tear, high intensity zone, and nerve root compression, with prevalences ranging from 4.5 to 51.6%. Spondylolisthesis and spondylolysis were reported by one study each with a prevalence of 2.3 and 0%, respectively. Other findings reported included tumors and infections (one study, 0% for both) and Scheuermann-type changes (one study, 7.7%). Conclusions The prevalence of positive MRI findings in the asymptomatic pediatric population is higher than previously assumed, particularly in regard to disc morphology, highlighting the importance of correlating the history and physical examination to the MRI findings to avoid misdiagnosis or over-treatment in the pediatric population.
PubMed: 25278883
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1386753 -
European Spine Journal : Official... Jul 2019Several reports in the literature have suggested a causative association between oral occlusion and spinal deformity such as scoliosis and Scheuermann's disease or...
BACKGROUND
Several reports in the literature have suggested a causative association between oral occlusion and spinal deformity such as scoliosis and Scheuermann's disease or kyphosis. Based on these findings, a growing number of adolescents with spinal deformity receive orthodontic treatment, supposing a beneficial effect on the spine.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to verify the association between spinal deformity and malocclusion in the orthopedic population and potential effect of orthodontic treatment on the spinal deformity.
METHOD
The databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane Register, OTseeker and ScienceDirect were searched up to August 2017 for studies reporting on associations between spinal and occlusal conditions. Case series, cohort, case-control studies and randomized clinical trials were considered for analysis. Two reviewers independently selected studies, conducted quality assessment and extracted results. Methodological quality was assessed using MINORS score.
RESULTS
Nine publications reporting on 1424 patients were included. Studies were two case series, five case-control studies, one cohort study and one randomized clinical trial. The methodological quality was poor in 8/9 studies.
CONCLUSION
Evidence from three low-quality studies suggests an increased prevalence of occlusal dysfunction in patients with known spinal deformity, but the conclusions have a high risk of bias. No evidence of beneficial effects of orthodontic treatment on spinal deformity was found. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Kyphosis; Malocclusion; Orthodontics, Corrective; Scheuermann Disease; Scoliosis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 30673874
DOI: 10.1007/s00586-019-05896-4