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JBRA Assisted Reproduction Mar 2023Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that affects one in every 15 women worldwide. This disorder is mainly characterized by increased levels of male... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that affects one in every 15 women worldwide. This disorder is mainly characterized by increased levels of male hormones (androgens), acne, and hirsutism, and can lead to long-term insulin resistance, miscarriage, or even infertility in women. PCOS is a disorder that can be treated with natural and allopathic remedies that work against the PCOS mechanism. The present study reviews previous studies on the treatment of PCOS using natural drugs.
METHODS
The data in this study were collected from articles published in reputable databases including ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, and SID in the field of medicinal plants from 1990 to 2021.
RESULTS
A review of the literature showed that plants such as aloe vera and chamomile improve fertility by increasing the number of ovarian follicles. Besides, Vitex agnus-castus and octane reduce hirsutism by reducing testosterone and androgen levels. It was also shown that liquorice, ginseng, cinnamon, and de chiro Inositol improve the adverse effects of diabetes caused by PCOS by lowering lipid and blood glucose levels. Moreover, Stachys lavandulifolia and fennel are effective in changing endometrial tissue parameters in PCOS by reducing estrogen and hyperplasia.
CONCLUSIONS
Various studies have shown that herbal medicines can improve PCOS symptoms in women with minimal side effects but a longer treatment cycle.
Topics: Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Hirsutism; Infertility; Complementary Therapies
PubMed: 35916457
DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20220024 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Mar 2019Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 8% to 13% of reproductive-aged women and is associated with reproductive and metabolic dysfunction. Obesity worsens the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 8% to 13% of reproductive-aged women and is associated with reproductive and metabolic dysfunction. Obesity worsens the presentation of PCOS and weight management (weight loss, maintenance or prevention of excess weight gain) is proposed as an initial treatment strategy, best achieved through lifestyle changes incorporating diet, exercise and behavioural interventions.
OBJECTIVES
To assess the effectiveness of lifestyle treatment in improving reproductive, anthropometric (weight and body composition), metabolic and quality of life factors in PCOS.
SEARCH METHODS
We searched the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Specialised Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and AMED (date of last search March 2018). We also searched controlled trials registries, conference abstracts, relevant journals, reference lists of relevant papers and reviews, and grey literature databases, with no language restrictions applied.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing lifestyle treatment (diet, exercise, behavioural or combined treatments) to minimal or no treatment in women with PCOS.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Two authors independently selected trials, assessed evidence quality and risk of bias, and extracted data. Our primary outcomes were live birth, miscarriage and pregnancy. We used inverse variance and fixed-effect models in the meta-analyses. We reported dichotomous outcomes as an odds ratio and continuous outcomes as a mean difference (MD) or standardised mean difference (SMD).
MAIN RESULTS
We included 15 studies with 498 participants. Ten studies compared physical activity to minimal dietary and behavioural intervention or no intervention. Five studies compared combined dietary, exercise and behavioural intervention to minimal intervention. One study compared behavioural intervention to minimal intervention. Risk of bias varied: eight studies had adequate sequence generation, seven had adequate clinician or outcome assessor blinding, seven had adequate allocation concealment, six had complete outcome data and six were free of selective reporting. No studies assessed the fertility primary outcomes of live birth or miscarriage. No studies reported the secondary reproductive outcome of menstrual regularity, as defined in this review.Lifestyle intervention may improve a secondary (endocrine) reproductive outcome, the free androgen index (FAI) (MD -1.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) -1.96 to -0.26, 6 RCTs, N = 204, I = 71%, low-quality evidence). Lifestyle intervention may reduce weight (kg) (MD -1.68 kg, 95% CI -2.66 to -0.70, 9 RCTs, N = 353, I = 47%, low-quality evidence). Lifestyle intervention may reduce body mass index (BMI) (kg/m) (-0.34 kg/m, 95% CI -0.68 to -0.01, 12 RCTs, N = 434, I= 0%, low-quality evidence). We are uncertain of the effect of lifestyle intervention on glucose tolerance (glucose outcomes in oral glucose tolerance test) (mmol/L/minute) (SMD -0.02, 95% CI -0.38 to 0.33, 3 RCTs, N = 121, I = 0%, low-quality evidence).
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
Lifestyle intervention may improve the free androgen index (FAI), weight and BMI in women with PCOS. We are uncertain of the effect of lifestyle intervention on glucose tolerance. There were no studies that looked at the effect of lifestyle intervention on live birth, miscarriage or menstrual regularity. Most studies in this review were of low quality mainly due to high or unclear risk of bias across most domains and high heterogeneity for the FAI outcome.
Topics: Abdominal Fat; Exercise; Female; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Life Style; Obesity; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Virilism; Waist Circumference; Weight Loss
PubMed: 30921477
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007506.pub4 -
Nutrients Jan 2023Obesity is an established risk factor for the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), especially phenotype A. PCOS is an important cause of fertility disorders... (Review)
Review
Obesity is an established risk factor for the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), especially phenotype A. PCOS is an important cause of fertility disorders in a large group of women of reproductive age. For many years, effective methods of treating hormonal disorders associated with PCOS have been sought in order to restore ovulation with regular menstrual cycles. Numerous studies support obesity treatment as an effective therapeutic method for many women. A seemingly simple method of treatment may prove to be particularly difficult in this group of women. The reason for this may be the lack of recognition the primary cause of obesity development or the occurrence of a vicious circle of disease. Primary causes of developing obesity may be emotional eating (EE) and eating disorders (EDs), such as binge eating disorder (BED) and its extreme form, addictive eating, as well as night eating syndrome (NES). All of these are caused by impaired function of the reward system. Consequently, these disorders can develop or be exacerbated in women with obesity and PCOS as a result of depression and anxiety related to hirsutism and fertility disturbances. Therefore, for the effective treatment of obesity, it is very important to recognize and treat EE, BED, and NES, including the appropriate selection of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy. Therefore, the aim of our manuscript is to analyze the available data on the relationships between EE, BED, NES, obesity, and PCOS and their impact on the treatment of obesity in women with PCOS.
Topics: Humans; Female; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Binge-Eating Disorder; Night Eating Syndrome; Hirsutism; Obesity
PubMed: 36678165
DOI: 10.3390/nu15020295 -
JAMA Dermatology Mar 2022While originally approved for the management of heart failure, hypertension, and edema, spironolactone is commonly used off label in the management of acne,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
IMPORTANCE
While originally approved for the management of heart failure, hypertension, and edema, spironolactone is commonly used off label in the management of acne, hidradenitis, androgenetic alopecia, and hirsutism. However, spironolactone carries an official warning from the US Food and Drug Administration regarding potential for tumorigenicity.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the pooled occurrence of cancers, in particular breast and prostate cancers, among those who were ever treated with spironolactone.
DATA SOURCES
PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from inception through June 11, 2021. The search was restricted to studies in the English language.
STUDY SELECTION
Included studies reported the occurrence of cancers in men and women 18 years and older who were exposed to spironolactone.
DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS
Two independent reviewers (K.B. and H.H.) selected studies, extracted data, and appraised the risk of bias using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Studies were synthesized using random effects meta-analysis.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
Cancer occurrence, with a focus on breast and prostate cancers.
RESULTS
Seven studies met eligibility criteria, with sample sizes ranging from 18 035 to 2.3 million and a total population of 4 528 332 individuals (mean age, 62.6-72.0 years; in the studies without stratification by sex, women accounted for 17.2%-54.4%). All studies were considered to be of low risk of bias. No statistically significant association was observed between spironolactone use and risk of breast cancer (risk ratio [RR], 1.04; 95% CI, 0.86-1.22; certainty of evidence very low). There was an association between spironolactone use and decreased risk of prostate cancer (RR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.68-0.90; certainty of evidence very low). There was no statistically significant association between spironolactone use and risk of ovarian cancer (RR, 1.52; 95% CI, 0.84-2.20; certainty of evidence very low), bladder cancer (RR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.71-1.07; certainty of evidence very low), kidney cancer (RR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.85-1.07; certainty of evidence low), gastric cancer (RR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.80-1.24; certainty of evidence low), or esophageal cancer (RR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.91-1.27; certainty of evidence low).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, spironolactone use was not associated with a substantial increased risk of cancer and was associated with a decreased risk of prostate cancer. However, the certainty of the evidence was low and future studies are needed, including among diverse populations such as younger individuals and those with acne or hirsutism.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Aged; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prostatic Neoplasms; Spironolactone; United States
PubMed: 35138351
DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2021.5866 -
Journal of Bodywork and Movement... Jul 2021Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is not a disease but a mere syndrome. Many researchers have studied polycystic ovarian syndrome and found that there is no proper... (Review)
Review
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is not a disease but a mere syndrome. Many researchers have studied polycystic ovarian syndrome and found that there is no proper cause of that, it may occur due to hormonal imbalance or stress, or due to a sedentary lifestyle. The rate of polycystic ovarian syndrome in Indian women has been increasing rapidly. The symptoms include acne, weight gain, hirsutism, difficulties in fertility, irregular or infrequent periods, immature ovarian eggs that do not ovulate, multiple cysts in the ovary. If left untreated, it may become the cause for heart diseases, diabetes, hypertension, infertility, and even cancer. There are varieties of medical treatments available to treat polycystic ovarian syndrome but they have a temporary effect and if taken for a long time then it may lead to serious side effects. Yoga has proven effects in reducing and managing the symptoms of polycystic ovarian syndrome more effectively along with medicine. This review work has been designed to consider the available literature concerning the effectiveness of yoga in the management of the polycystic ovarian syndrome. It includes some research papers published between 2012 and 2019. By providing yogic treatment effect on several parameters (such as blood lipid level, glucose metabolism, endocrine parameters, quality of life, resting cardiovascular parameters, level of anxiety, depression) on the woman with polycystic ovarian syndrome were measured. After thoroughly studying about 74 research papers, 16 are found most relevant to be reviewed. The studies of these papers concluded the successful use of different yogic limbs for the management of polycystic ovarian syndrome with or without medications.
Topics: Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Quality of Life; Yoga
PubMed: 34391246
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.02.018 -
BMJ Clinical Evidence Jan 2009Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is diagnosed in up to 10% of women attending gynaecology clinics, but the prevalence in the population as a whole is unclear. PCOS has... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is diagnosed in up to 10% of women attending gynaecology clinics, but the prevalence in the population as a whole is unclear. PCOS has been associated with hirsutism, infertility, acne, weight gain, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and endometrial hyperplasia.
METHODS AND OUTCOMES
We conducted a systematic review and aimed to answer the following clinical question: What are the effects of treatments? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to December 2007 (Clinical Evidence reviews are updated periodically, please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this review). We included harms alerts from relevant organisations such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).
RESULTS
We found 24 systematic reviews, RCTs, or observational studies that met our inclusion criteria. We performed a GRADE evaluation of the quality of evidence for interventions.
CONCLUSIONS
In this systematic review we present information relating to the effectiveness and safety of the following interventions: finasteride, flutamide, metformin, spironolactone, cyproterone acetate-ethinylestradiol (co-cyprindiol), interventions to achieve weight loss, ketoconazole, and mechanical hair removal.
Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Flutamide; Hair Removal; Hirsutism; Humans; Metformin; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Weight Loss
PubMed: 19445767
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology May 2023Despite existing several kinds of studies on idiopathic hirsutism (IH) and its association with metabolic disturbances, a limited number of studies have assessed lipid... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Despite existing several kinds of studies on idiopathic hirsutism (IH) and its association with metabolic disturbances, a limited number of studies have assessed lipid profiles in patients with IH with conflicting and inconclusive results. This study aimed to evaluate the lipid profiles in women with IH, compared to those of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and healthy controls.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
For this systematic review and meta-analysis, PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE databases were searched to obtain studies published from inception to July 2021 investigating the lipid parameters, including triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in women with IH, compared to control groups. A meta-regression and subgroup analysis were conducted to explore heterogeneity sources. Publication bias was assessed by the Egger test.
RESULTS
Of 209 studies retrieved through searching databases and other sources, a total of 12 studies including 3913 participants were included for the meta-analysis. This meta-analysis showed higher standardized mean difference (SMD) of TC (SMD: 0.09 mg/dl; 95% CI: 0.001, 0.18) and lower SMD of HDL-C (SMD: -0.10 mg/dl; 95% CI: -0.18, -0.02) in women with IH, compared to those of the healthy controls, whereas there were no significant differences in the SMDs of TG and LDL-C between the study groups. This study also revealed no difference in the levels of lipid profiles of women with IH in comparison with PCOS patients, except for TG (SMD: -0.24 mg/dl; 95% CI: -0.46, -0.02). The results of subgroup analysis based on the study design revealed no significant differences in the SMD of lipid parameters between women with IH and healthy controls. We also found no significant difference in the levels of lipid profiles of women with IH versus PCOS patients, except for HDL-C in the subgroup of case-control studies (SMD: 0.18 mg/dl; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.34).
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrated that the majority of lipid parameters were not significantly different in women with IH, compared to those of healthy and PCOS controls.
Topics: Humans; Female; Hirsutism; Cholesterol, LDL; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Triglycerides; Dyslipidemias; Cholesterol, HDL
PubMed: 36718809
DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15608 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2023Due to its high heterogenicity and unclear etiology, there is currently no specific treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Metformin, as an insulin sensitizer,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
AIMS
Due to its high heterogenicity and unclear etiology, there is currently no specific treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Metformin, as an insulin sensitizer, combined with spironolactone, an antiandrogen medication, may exert complementary effects on PCOS. We therefore performed a meta-analysis of trials in which metformin combined with spironolactone was applied to treat PCOS to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination therapy.
METHODS
We retrieved the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, Wangfang, and VIP databases for literatures published from their inception to December 16, 2022 on the effects of metformin combined with spironolactone in the treatment of PCOS. Inclusion criteria according to P.I.C.O.S criteria were: PCOS patients, metformin combined with spironolactone interventions, metformin alone control group, and randomized controlled trials with the following outcome data: body mass index (BMI), hirsutism score, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), total testosterone (TT), fasting blood glucose (FBG), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and side effects including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and drug withdrawal.
RESULTS
Our results revealed that metformin combined with spironolactone significantly reduced BMI and TT, but that it exerted no significant effects on hirsutism score, or on FSH or LH concentrations. Combined treatment also resulted in a significant diminution in FBG and insulin resistance using the HOMA-IR when the interventional time was greater than 6 months. In addition, the combination did not have a higher occurrence of adverse reactions than metformin alone.
CONCLUSION
Compared with metformin alone, metformin combined with spironolactone therapy may be more effective in reducing BMI and serum androgen levels, but the combination showed no significant effect on the hirsutism score or gonadotropin hormone levels, and was not associated with an elevation in side-effects. Moreover, when the treatment course was greater than 6 months, combination therapy reduced FBG and improved insulin resistance more effectively than metformin alone. However, more research is needed to determine the most effective course of treatment.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022355515.
Topics: Female; Humans; Hirsutism; Insulin Resistance; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Spironolactone; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Human; Luteinizing Hormone
PubMed: 37635987
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1223768 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Aug 2020Metformin has been proposed as possibly a safer and more effective long-term treatment than the oral contraceptive pill (OCP) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Metformin has been proposed as possibly a safer and more effective long-term treatment than the oral contraceptive pill (OCP) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It is important to directly compare the efficacy and safety of metformin versus OCP in the long-term treatment of women with PCOS. This is an update of a Cochrane Review comparing insulin sensitising agents with the OCP and only includes studies on metformin.
OBJECTIVES
To assess the effectiveness and safety of metformin versus the OCP (alone or in combination) in improving clinical, hormonal, and metabolic features of PCOS.
SEARCH METHODS
In August 2019 we searched the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group Trials Register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL, the trial registers, handsearched references of the identified articles, and contacted experts in the field to identify additional studies.
SELECTION CRITERIA
We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of the use of metformin versus the OCP (alone or in combination) for women with PCOS.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
We used standard methods recommended by Cochrane. The primary review outcomes were the clinical parameters of hirsutism and adverse events, both severe (requiring stopping of medication), and minor. In the presence of substantial heterogeneity (I statistic > 50), which could be explained by pre-specified subgroup analyses on the basis of BMI, we reported the subgroups separately.
MAIN RESULTS
This is a substantive update. We identified 38 additional studies. We included 44 RCTs (2253 women), which comprised 39 RCTs on adult women (2047 women) and five RCTs on adolescent women (206 women). Evidence quality ranged from very low to low. The main limitations were risk of bias, imprecision and inconsistency. Metformin versus the OCP In adult women, we are uncertain of the effect of metformin compared to the OCP on hirsutism in subgroup body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m (mean difference (MD) 0.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.44 to 1.19, 3 RCTs, n = 134, I = 50%, very low-quality evidence) and subgroup BMI > 30 kg/m (MD -0.38, 95% CI -1.93 to 1.17; 2 RCTs, n = 85, I = 34%, low-quality evidence). Metformin may be less effective in improving hirsutism compared to the OCP in the subgroup BMI 25 kg/m to 30 kg/m (MD 1.92, 95% CI 1.21 to 2.64, 5 RCTs, n = 254, I = 0%, low-quality evidence). Metformin may increase severe gastro-intestinal adverse events rate compared to the OCP (Peto odds ratio (OR) 6.42, 95% CI 2.98 to 13.84, 11 RCTs, n = 602, I = 0%, low-quality evidence). Metformin may decrease the incidence of severe other adverse events compared to the OCP (Peto OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.44, 8 RCTs, n = 363, I = 0%, low-quality evidence). There were no trials reporting on minor adverse events. In adolescents, we are uncertain whether there is a difference between Metformin and the OCP, on hirsutism and adverse events. Metformin versus metformin combined with the OCP In adult women, metformin may be less effective in improving hirsutism compared to Metformin combined with the OCP (MD 1.36, 95% CI 0.62 to 2.11, 3 RCTs, n = 135, I= 9%, low-quality evidence). We are uncertain if there was a difference between metformin and metformin combined with the OCP for severe gastro-intestinal adverse events (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.21 to 2.53, 3 RCTs, n = 171, I = 0%, low-quality evidence), or for severe other adverse events (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.11 to 2.82, 2 RCTs, n = 109, I = 44%, low-quality evidence). There were no trials reporting on minor adverse events. In adolescents, there were no trials for this comparison. The OCP versus metformin combined with the OCP In adult women, the OCP may be less effective in improving hirsutism compared to metformin combined with the OCP (MD 0.54, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.89, 6 RCTs, n = 389, I= 1%, low-quality evidence). The OCP may decrease the incidence of severe gastro-intestinal adverse events compared to metformin combined with the OCP (OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.72, 5 RCTs, n = 228, I = 0%, low-quality evidence). We are uncertain if there is a difference between the OCP and metformin combined with the OCP for severe other adverse events (OR 1.61, 95% CI 0.49 to 5.37, 4 RCTs, n = 159, I = 12%, low-quality evidence). The OCP may decrease the incidence of minor (gastro-intestinal) adverse events compared to metformin combined with the OCP (OR 0.06, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.44, 2 RCTs, n = 98, I = 0%, low-quality evidence). In adolescents, we are uncertain whether there is a difference between the OCP, compared to metformin combined with the OCP, on hirsutism or adverse events.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
In adult women with PCOS, metformin may be less effective in improving hirsutism compared to the OCP in the subgroup BMI 25 kg/m to 30 kg/m but we are uncertain if there was a difference between metformin and the OCP in subgroups BMI < 25 kg/m and BMI > 30kg/m. Compared to the OCP, metformin may increase the incidence of severe gastro-intestinal adverse events and decrease the incidence of severe other adverse events with no trials reporting on minor adverse events. Either metformin alone or the OCP alone may be less effective in improving hirsutism compared to metformin combined with the OCP. We are uncertain whether there is a difference between the OCP alone and metformin alone compared to metformin combined with the OCP for severe or minor adverse events except for the OCP versus metformin combined with the OCP where the OCP may decrease the incidence of severe and minor gastro-intestinal adverse events. In adolescent women with PCOS, we are uncertain whether there is a difference between any of the comparisons for hirsutism and adverse events due to either no evidence or very low-quality evidence. Further large well-designed RCTs that stratify for BMI are needed to evaluate metformin versus the OCP and combinations in women with PCOS, in particular adolescent women.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Adult; Body Mass Index; Cardiovascular Diseases; Contraceptives, Oral, Combined; Drug Therapy, Combination; Endometrial Neoplasms; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Menstruation Disturbances; Metformin; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Young Adult
PubMed: 32794179
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005552.pub3 -
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology Apr 2022Although the negative impacts of idiopathic hirsutism (IH) on psychological aspects are well-documented, there is no enough study estimating the prevalence of this... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Although the negative impacts of idiopathic hirsutism (IH) on psychological aspects are well-documented, there is no enough study estimating the prevalence of this endocrine disorder.
OBJECTIVE
This meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of IH in the women population.
METHODS
PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were explored to obtain papers published from inception to September 2020 investigating the prevalence of IH in women. A meta-regression was conducted to assess the impact of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) diagnostic criteria, and ethnicity on the pooled prevalence of IH.
RESULTS
Of 8346 records retrieved through searching databases and other sources, eight studies were selected for the final analyses. The pooled prevalence of idiopathic hirsutism among women, regardless of PCOS diagnostic criteria, and the race was 7.74% (95% CI: 4.10, 14.14). The meta-regression analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of idiopathic hirsutism did not significantly differ based on the PCOS diagnostic criteria and ethnicity. A subgroup analysis based on the PCOS criteria showed the pooled prevalence of 7.24% (95% CI: 2.84, 17.24), 13.05% (95% CI: 10.02, 16.81), and 3.12% (95% CI: 2.16, 4.48) for NIH (National Institutes of Health), Rotterdam, and not reported PCOS diagnostic criteria groups, respectively. The subgroup analysis based on the ethnicity estimated a pooled prevalence of 6.01% (95% CI: 1.87, 17.69) and 9.36% (4.07, 16.63) for European and Asian groups, respectively.
CONCLUSION
The meta-analysis demonstrated that the pooled prevalence of IH was 7.74% and there was no difference between PCOS criteria and ethnicity subgroups.
Topics: Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Prevalence
PubMed: 34185950
DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14313