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International Journal of Pediatric... Aug 2020Studies have shown that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection may be associated with the occurrence of otitis media with effusion (OME) in children.
BACKGROUND
Studies have shown that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection may be associated with the occurrence of otitis media with effusion (OME) in children.
OBJECTIVE
This is a systematic review of the relevant published literature to explore the relationship between H. pylori infection and OME in children.
METHOD
Articles published before October 30, 2019 in the PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database, and Wanfang databases were retrieved. Articles were screened based on prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality assessment was applied to the included studies. Data in the included studies were extracted and classified for qualitative analysis.
RESULTS
Ten studies, which enrolled a total of 397 cases and 334 controls, were included; all were case-control studies of varying quality. We summarized and compared H. pylori infections in different specimens from pediatric patients with OME. Due to the apparent heterogeneity between the included studies, meta-analysis was not appropriate, hence we carried out only a qualitative analysis.
CONCLUSION
The detection rate of H. pylori in the middle ear, tonsil and gastric juice in children with OME was higher than that in children without OME. There is no clear and reliable conclusion as to whether there is a difference in the detection rate of H. pylori in adenoid specimens of children with or without OME. Eradication of H. pylori may improve symptoms of drug-resistant OME. Nevertheless, more studies of higher quality are needed to improve the conclusions.
Topics: Adolescent; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child, Preschool; Ear, Middle; Gastric Juice; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Infant; Otitis Media with Effusion; Palatine Tonsil
PubMed: 32422370
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110091 -
International Journal of Ophthalmology 2024To evaluate lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (LGACC) of prognosis in patients who underwent different treatment regimens.
AIM
To evaluate lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (LGACC) of prognosis in patients who underwent different treatment regimens.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for studies done on the treatment of LGACC, between January 1987 and April 2022. A Meta-analysis was conducted to pool the 5-year overall survival rate (OR), and the 5-year recurrence rate (RR) and 5-year metastasis rate (MR) were assessed.
RESULTS
The 30 studies involved 585 patients were included in the Meta-analysis. The pooled 5-year OR with surgery alone was 50%, the 5-year RR was 63%, and the 5-year MR was 34%. The pooled 5-year OR with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy combined was 67% (95%CI 61%,73%), the 5-year RR was 41%, and the 5-year MR was 35%. The pooled 5-year OR with surgery and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy combined was 72% (95%CI 59%, 84%), the 5-year RR was 48%, and the 5-year MR was 36%. The pooled 5-year OR with surgery, intra-arterial cytoreductive chemotherapy, and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy combined was 78% (95%CI 68%, 89%), the 5-year RR was 15%, and the 5-year MR was 27%.
CONCLUSION
Comprehensive treatment is more effective than surgery alone. Surgery combined with intra-arterial chemotherapy and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy seems to add value to the therapeutic effect of comprehensive treatment of LGACC but further high-quality research is required to validate this.
PubMed: 38239951
DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2024.01.22 -
Cancer Management and Research 2018The purpose of this research was to determine whether neck dissection is necessary for the adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of head and neck.
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this research was to determine whether neck dissection is necessary for the adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of head and neck.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This article screened the abstract and full-text papers that investigated salivary gland primary ACC of head and neck. Two independent reviewers searched for articles published before October 2017 in three databases (Web of Science, PubMed, and Ovid), having no limits in date and language. Statistical data were analyzed statistically by Review Manager 5.3.
RESULTS
In total, 18 studies involving 2993 patients were included in the analysis. Of the 2993 patients, 473 patients had cervical lymph node metastasis, with a merge frequency of 16% (95% CI: 13-19). Among included articles, only 4 involved cervical lymph node occult metastases, with a merge frequency of 14% (95% CI: 9-20). There were 5 articles containing minor salivary glands (MiSGs) involving 370 patients of which 92 patients had cervical lymph node metastases and the merge frequency was 25% (95% CI: 11-38). Moreover, there were 4 studies on major salivary glands involving 904 patients of which 158 patients had cervical lymph node metastases and the merge frequency was 17% (95% CI: 15-20).
CONCLUSION
Elective neck dissection is unnecessary for all patients with salivary gland ACC of head and neck. Moreover, compared with major salivary glands, MiSGs have a higher cervical lymph node metastases rate in ACC. The overall cervical lymph node metastases rate of MiSGs is 25%, which is enough to attract our attention. Therefore, we suggest that neck dissection might be applied to ACC of MiSGs.
PubMed: 29970966
DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S164677 -
International Journal of Pediatric... Jan 2011Many studies have been developed aiming to reveal the usefulness of cavum X-rays and telerradiographies as diagnostic tools for the detection of upper airway obstruction... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Many studies have been developed aiming to reveal the usefulness of cavum X-rays and telerradiographies as diagnostic tools for the detection of upper airway obstruction due to adenoid hypertrophy. However, the scientific literature is diverse and controversial. Therefore, a systematic review is proposed; with the objective to determine the diagnosis value of lateral X-ray view of the skull regarding adenoid hypertrophy.
METHODS
Searching was conducted on Pubmed, Lilacs, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Knowledge databases; and was restricted to studies published in English, Portuguese or Spanish languages, carried out on humans under 18 years of age. All the obtained publications were first submitted to a pre-selection, and then, full-texts (n=66) were analyzed and selected by independent examiners. The resultant studies (n=11) were systematically and critically analyzed, and qualified according to QUADAS (Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies) questionnaire, an assessment tool designed to qualify diagnostic tests accuracy studies.
RESULTS
Searching and selection procedures generated 11 studies which were considered adequate to be systematically analyzed. Accordingly, large variation was observed concerning the evaluation methods of radiographic and fibronasoendoscopic exams, and the sample characteristics. Additionally, little amount of scientific evidences could be provided, since few radiographic variables were analyzed simultaneously. Moreover, assessment methods were, at most, subjective or poorly described. QUADAS application revealed other significant limitations related to the sampling, such as inadequate spectrum of the investigated "disease" (adenoid hypertrophy), and poor report of the subjects' enrollment and participation process. Further, QUADAS revealed inadequacies regarding methodological features, including poor description of the radiographic exams and assessment methods. In addition, it was also shown that most of the studies did not specify the moment in clinical time when both exams were performed; neither reported a strategy of "blindness" by the examiners.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite such limitations, the majority of the resultant data indicates that lateral X-rays might be considered somewhat useful, even though it could not be clearly demonstrated. Future research should then adhere to greater methodological rigor, in order to investigate the significance of radiographies as a screening test.
Topics: Adenoids; Airway Obstruction; Female; Humans; Hypertrophy; Male; Pharyngeal Diseases; Radiography; Sensitivity and Specificity; Skull
PubMed: 21126775
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2010.11.002 -
Iranian Journal of Pathology 2023There is no consensus on the prevalence of salivary gland tumors (SGTs) in Iran. Thus, we systematically reviewed the literature about the prevalence of SGTs in Iran and... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE
There is no consensus on the prevalence of salivary gland tumors (SGTs) in Iran. Thus, we systematically reviewed the literature about the prevalence of SGTs in Iran and applied the last world health organization (WHO) classification.
METHODS
The systematic literature search was performed in EMBASE, Scopus, PubMed MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Scientific Information Database (SID), and Magiran; we searched for "salivary gland," "tumor," "prevalence," and "Iran" until 1 March 2021. The studies included were written in the English and Farsi languages. The weighted mean prevalence of SGTs was calculated as prevalence (%) * (N/the sum of all N). We used the unpaired Two-sample T-test to compare the weighted means.
RESULTS
A total of 17 studies, including 2870 patients, were selected for the data synthesis. The weighted mean prevalence of benign and malignant tumors was 66% (95% CI: 59-73) and 34% (95% CI: 27-41), respectively. The patients' mean age was reported in 10 out of the 17 studies. The weighted mean age of the patients was 40 (95% CI: 37-42) and 49 (95% CI: 43-55) years for benign and malignant tumors, respectively (=0.01). Pleomorphic adenoma (PA), followed by Warthin's tumor (WT), was the most prevalent benign tumor. Moreover, the most common malignant tumors were mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC).
CONCLUSION
More than one-third of SGTs in Iran were malignant, which is higher than the reports from Middle Eastern countries. Information about risk factors and the burden of SGTs in Iran is insufficient. Thus, further well-designed longitudinal studies are warranted.
PubMed: 37383154
DOI: 10.30699/IJP.2023.559121.2942 -
Journal of the American Dental... Mar 2014Adenoid hypertrophy may cause sleep-disordered breathing and altered craniofacial growth. The authors conducted a study to gauge the accuracy of alternative tests... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Adenoid hypertrophy may cause sleep-disordered breathing and altered craniofacial growth. The authors conducted a study to gauge the accuracy of alternative tests compared with nasoendoscopy (reference standard) for screening adenoid hypertrophy.
METHODS
The authors conducted a systematic review that included searches of electronic databases, hand searches of bibliographies of relevant articles and gray literature searches. They included all articles in which an alternative test was compared with nasoendoscopy in children with suspected nasal or nasopharyngeal airway obstruction.
RESULTS
The authors identified seven articles that were of poor to good quality. They identified the following alternative tests: multirow detector computed tomography (sensitivity, 92 percent; specificity, 97 percent), videofluoroscopy (sensitivity, 100 percent; specificity, 90 percent), rhinomanometry with decongestant (sensitivity, 83 percent; specificity, 83 percent) and clinical examination (sensitivity, 22 percent; specificity, 88 percent). Lateral cephalograms tended to have good to fair sensitivity (typically 61-75 percent) and poor specificity (41-55 percent) when adenoid size was evaluated but excellent to good specificity when airway patency was evaluated (68-96 percent).
CONCLUSIONS
No ideal tool exists for dentists to screen adenoid hypertrophy, owing to access constraints, radiation concerns and suboptimal diagnostic accuracy. Research is needed to identify a low-risk, easily acceptable, highly valid diagnostic screening tool.
PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS
Although lateral cephalograms (which have good to fair sensitivity) and a thorough medical history (which has good specificity) are imperfect individually, when they are used together, they can compensate for each others weaknesses. This combined approach is the best tool available to dentists for screening adenoid hypertrophy.
Topics: Adenoids; Fluoroscopy; Humans; Hypertrophy; Nasopharyngeal Diseases; Reproducibility of Results; Rhinomanometry; Sensitivity and Specificity; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 24583889
DOI: 10.14219/jada.2013.31 -
Clinical Otolaryngology : Official... Jan 2019
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Clinical Trials as Topic; Combined Modality Therapy; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Salivary Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 30102009
DOI: 10.1111/coa.13206 -
JAMA Otolaryngology-- Head & Neck... May 2024There is no systemic therapy for recurrent or metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.
IMPORTANCE
There is no systemic therapy for recurrent or metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitors in recurrent or metastatic ACC.
DATA SOURCES
PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for studies of VEGFR inhibitors in recurrent or metastatic ACC from database inception to August 31, 2023.
STUDY SELECTION
Inclusion criteria were prospective clinical trials of recurrent or metastatic ACC treated with VEGFR inhibitors, reporting at least 1 outcome of interest specifically for ACC. Of 1963 identified studies, 17 (0.9%) met inclusion criteria.
DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) reporting guideline was followed to extract data. Data were pooled using a random-effects generalized linear mixed model with 95% CIs.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
The primary efficacy outcome was best overall response to VEGFR inhibitors, including objective response, stable disease, or progressive disease (PD). Safety and tolerability outcomes included incidence of grade 3 or higher adverse events, rates of exit from trial due to PD or drug-related toxic effects, and dose reduction rate (DRR).
RESULTS
A total of 17 studies comprising 560 patients with recurrent or metastatic ACC treated with 10 VEGFR inhibitors were included. The objective response rate was 6% (95% CI, 3%-12%; I2 = 71%) and stable disease was the most frequent best overall response (82%; 95% CI, 74%-87%; I2 = 67%). The 6-month disease control (defined as objective response and stable disease) rate was 54% (95% CI, 45%-62%; I2 = 52%). The rate of grade 3 or higher adverse events was 53% (95% CI, 42%-64%; I2 = 81%) and of DRR was 59% (95% CI, 40%-76%). Most patients (57%; 95% CI, 44%-70%; I2 = 83%) continued therapy until PD; 21% (95% CI, 15%-28%; I2 = 62%) of patients suspended therapy for toxic effects. In subgroup analysis by specific VEGFR inhibitor, the objective response rate was 14% (95% CI, 7%-25%; I2 = 0%), stable disease rate was 76% (95% CI, 63%-85%; I2 = 0%), proportion treated until PD was 61% (95% CI, 14%-94%; I2 = 94%), and DRR was 78% (95% CI, 66%-87%; I2 = 39%) with lenvatinib. Corresponding axitinib results were objective response rate of 8% (95% CI, 4%-15%; I2 = 0%) and stable disease rate of 85% (95% CI, 72%-92%; I2 = 69%), with 73% (95% CI, 63%-82%; I2 = 0%) of patients treated until PD, and the DRR was 22% (95% CI, 12%-38%; I2 = 77%). Rivoceranib had the highest objective response rate (24%; 95% CI, 7%-57%) but high heterogeneity among studies (I2 = 95%) and the lowest rate of patients who continued therapy until PD (35%; 95% CI, 20%-55%; I2 = 90%).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
This systematic review and meta-analysis found that VEGFR inhibitors were associated with high rates of disease stabilization in recurrent or metastatic ACC. Of 10 included VEGFR inhibitors, lenvatinib and axitinib were associated with the best combined and consistent efficacy, safety, and tolerability profiles, substantiating their inclusion in treatment guidelines.
PubMed: 38814585
DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2024.1177 -
Head and Neck Pathology Sep 2023Recently, a new odontogenic tumor has been described, the so-called adenoid ameloblastoma (AdAM). The aim of this review was to determine the clinical and imaging...
BACKGROUND
Recently, a new odontogenic tumor has been described, the so-called adenoid ameloblastoma (AdAM). The aim of this review was to determine the clinical and imaging features of AdAM and to describe its main histopathological findings.
METHODS
The systematic review included published cases with a diagnosis of AdAM in the gnathic bones, which had sufficient clinical, imaging, and histopathological data to confirm its diagnosis. The following histopathological diagnostic criteria were adopted: presence of ameloblastoma-like components, duct-like structures, spiral cellular condensations, and a cribriform architecture.
RESULTS
Fifteen articles, corresponding to 30 cases of AdAM, were selected. Most cases affected men (63.3%), with a slight preference for the mandible (16:14) and the posterior region of gnathic bones was the most commonly affected site. The mean age at diagnosis was 40.8 years. Clinically, the lesions usually presented as a swelling (53.3%) and, radiographically, as a well-defined radiolucency (33.4%). Surgical resection (40%) was the most frequently adopted treatment and recurrence occurred in 30% of cases. Microscopic examination showed cribriform areas in most AdAM cases (93.3%); duct-like structures and spiral cellular condensations were seen in 100% of the cases.
CONCLUSION
The small number of reported cases, the existence of erroneous diagnoses, and the adoption of initial conservative management make it difficult to determine whether AdAM has a higher risk of recurrence or more aggressive biological behavior than conventional ameloblastomas.
Topics: Male; Humans; Adult; Ameloblastoma; Adenoids; Mandible; Odontogenic Tumors
PubMed: 37540485
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-023-01574-6 -
European Journal of Gynaecological... 2011Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the Bartholin's gland is a rare malignancy of the female genital tract. Seventy-nine cases have been reported in the literature. A... (Review)
Review
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the Bartholin's gland is a rare malignancy of the female genital tract. Seventy-nine cases have been reported in the literature. A 40-year-old women presented to our clinic with twice locally recurrent ACC of Bartholin's gland of the left vulva despite hemivulvectomy. Adjuvant radiotherapy was delivered after the third resection. There was no local recurrence after three years follow-up, although she developed lung metastases that remain under control with oral cyclophosphamide. Our case confirms the literature review, which indicates a slow growing tumor with frequent local recurrences (30%) and distant metastases (31%). Adjuvant radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy should be considered in the management of ACC of Bartholin's gland.
Topics: Adult; Bartholin's Glands; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic; Female; Humans; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Vulvar Neoplasms
PubMed: 22053678
DOI: No ID Found