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Schizophrenia Research Jul 2019A common characteristic among schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients is cognitive dysfunction, especially for memory and attention. Recent evidence has suggested... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
A common characteristic among schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients is cognitive dysfunction, especially for memory and attention. Recent evidence has suggested that cognitive impairment in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients could be associated with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection, due to the ability of HSV-1 to infect neurons in the temporal lobe, which plays a key role in the formation of memory and processing of sensory input. The objective of this review is to analyze the aggregate neuropsychological testing data from previous studies regarding the impact of HSV-1 infection on cognitive function in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. A systematic literature search generated a total of 379 articles; 12 full-text case control and cross-sectional studies met the eligibility criteria to be included in the review. Pooled effects assessed the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) total scores and the three index scores for immediate memory, delayed memory, and attention in a random effects model. The overall effect for RBANS total score was in favor of the HSV-1 positive group (z = 3.10, p = 0.002). A statistically significant overall effect of cognitive impairment for memory and attention indices was in favor of HSV positive schizophrenia patients (z = 5.95 p < 0.00001). The findings from the meta-analysis suggest that serological evidence of HSV-1 infection has a significant impact on cognitive function with small to moderate effect sizes (-0.23 to -0.49), particularly affecting memory and attention, in schizophrenia and bipolar patients.
Topics: Attention; Bipolar Disorder; Case-Control Studies; Cognitive Dysfunction; Herpes Simplex; Herpesvirus 1, Human; Humans; Memory; Neuropsychological Tests; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Serologic Tests
PubMed: 30639164
DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.01.001 -
Journal of Ethnopharmacology Apr 2022Apitherapy is a branch of traditional medicine that uses bee products to manage numerous diseases. In this context, the antiherpetic effect of these bee products has... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Meta-Analysis
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
Apitherapy is a branch of traditional medicine that uses bee products to manage numerous diseases. In this context, the antiherpetic effect of these bee products has been demonstrated in some studies with some controversial results.
AIM OF THE STUDY
Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness of honey and propolis with acyclovir, the reference drug, in the treatment of cold sores and genital herpes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The selection of eligible studies was conducted through the search in Pubmed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, LILACS, and Electronic Scientific Library.
RESULTS
The search yielded 147 articles, of which nine were considered eligible for analysis. The analysis of these studies showed that the healing property of propolis is superior to that obtained for acyclovir (95% CI: 2.70 to 8.25; p = 0.0001). Furthermore, honey also presented a better healing effect than acyclovir against Herpes simplex virus-induced wounds (95% CI: 3.58 to -0.19; p = 0.03), inducing complete re-epithelization of herpetic lesions after 8 days, while for acyclovir, the healing time average was 9 days. It also provoked a similar reduction of pain caused by herpetic compared to acyclovir (95% CI: 2.27 to -0.42; p = 0.18).
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, these results confirm the use of honey and propolis as potent antiherpetic agents.
Topics: Acyclovir; Antiviral Agents; Herpes Simplex; Honey; Humans; Propolis; Simplexvirus
PubMed: 34965458
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114939 -
Antiviral Research Apr 2017The optimal duration of prophylaxis for the varicella-zoster virus following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains unclear. The purpose of this study... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The optimal duration of prophylaxis for the varicella-zoster virus following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the available literature to determine the optimal duration of antiviral prophylaxis for preventing herpes zoster (HZ) in allogeneic and autologous HSCT recipients. The MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched to identify relevant studies. The relative risk (RR) of HZ was calculated using fixed effects or random effects models depending on heterogeneity across the included studies. We analyzed six observational studies comprising a total of 3420 patients. In all HSCT recipients, the overall incidence of HZ in the prophylaxis group and the control group was 7.8% and 25.6%, respectively, with a pooled RR of 0.31 (95% CI, 0.26-0.37). The incidence of HZ in the subgroup wherein prophylaxis was given for at least 1 year and in the subgroup wherein prophylaxis was given for less than 1 year was 2.1% and 15.4%, respectively, with a pooled RR of 0.23 (95% CI, 0.04-1.39). Taken together, our results demonstrate that antiviral prophylaxis can significantly reduce HZ in HSCT recipients, and suggests that long-term prophylaxis given for at least 1 year may be recommended for better preventive effects.
Topics: Acyclovir; Antiviral Agents; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Herpes Zoster; Herpesvirus 3, Human; Humans; Observational Studies as Topic; Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis; Risk; Time Factors; Transplant Recipients; Valacyclovir; Valine; Virus Activation
PubMed: 28132866
DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.01.011 -
Sexually Transmitted Infections Dec 2011Serological testing for herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2 in persons without a history of genital herpes is not recommended, partly because of concerns that an HSV-2... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Serological testing for herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2 in persons without a history of genital herpes is not recommended, partly because of concerns that an HSV-2 diagnosis would lead to negative psychosocial sequelae. This review aimed to examine the evidence regarding the psychosocial effects of HSV-2 serological testing.
METHODS
Eight electronic databases were searched for empirical studies indexed before March 2010. Abstracts from relevant conferences were reviewed and senior authors contacted to find unpublished materials. Eligible studies examined participants without a history of genital herpes who underwent HSV-2 serological testing and reported data from at least one quantitative or qualitative psychosocial assessment conducted after receiving HSV results.
RESULTS
Of nine studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria, seven reported that HSV-2 diagnosis by serological test did not have a persistent negative impact on 309 participants' mental health or sexual attitude and satisfaction. Two studies reported a negative impact of testing; one found that five HSV-2-seropositive college students had increased distress 3 months post-testing compared with HSV-2-negative individuals, and the other found self-reports of sexual undesirability up to 1 year after diagnosis in some people. The perceived severity of a genital herpes diagnosis was moderately severe for participants before testing; however, post-testing, the reported severity of a herpes diagnosis was lower among those testing HSV-2 positive.
CONCLUSIONS
HSV-2 diagnosis by type-specific serological testing did not result in long-term psychosocial harm in most persons without an identified history of genital herpes. Concerns about sustained emotional impact should not deter clinicians from offering HSV-2 serological testing to appropriate patients.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Female; Herpes Genitalis; Herpesvirus 2, Human; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Serologic Tests; Young Adult
PubMed: 21903980
DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050099 -
Microbial Pathogenesis May 2021Globally, hepatitis B and schistosomiasis (Mansoni) together affect about 300 million people; which cause hepatic disorders worldwide. Given that little is known about... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Globally, hepatitis B and schistosomiasis (Mansoni) together affect about 300 million people; which cause hepatic disorders worldwide. Given that little is known about co-infections with hepatitis B and schistosoma mansoni, the present study investigates these two health problems alone and together and their possible correlation.
METHODS
A search was conducted for reports published between January 1990 and October 2020 by using Embase, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science databases; Out of a total of 20 studies, 14 cross-sectional studies (6329 people) and 6 case-control studies (2138 individual) were reviewed. The pooled prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), S.mansoni infections, and their co-infections; heterogeneity and the Odds Ratio (OR) were evaluated by Stata 11.2.
FINDINGS
Among the included studies in the inclusion criteria, the pooled prevalence of hepatitis B, S. mansoni was 34% (95% CI, 0.23-0.46), 41% (95% CI, 0.24-0.59) and their co-infections was 18% (95% CI, 0.11-0.25) by regions. The hepatitis B and S. mansoni correlation was significant in populations with schistosoma compared to control group (OR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.36-3.30).
COMMENTARY
Our results showed that in addition to the high global prevalence of hepatitis B- S. mansoni (co) infections in the included studies, there is a significant association between them, especially in people suffering from schistosoma. These results highlight the importance of integrated interventions measurements against coexistence of parasitic and viral diseases. We know that more research studies need to be done in this field and global monitoring should be considered for the co-infection of these two important complications.
Topics: Animals; Coinfection; Cross-Sectional Studies; Herpesvirus 1, Cercopithecine; Humans; Liver; Prevalence; Schistosoma mansoni; Schistosomiasis mansoni
PubMed: 33744336
DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104828 -
Journal of Medical Virology Mar 2023Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection is a prevalent, sexually transmitted infection with poorly characterized prevalence in the Middle East and North Africa...
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection is a prevalent, sexually transmitted infection with poorly characterized prevalence in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. This study characterized HSV-2 epidemiology in MENA. HSV-2 reports were systematically reviewed as guided by the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook and findings were reported following PRISMA guidelines. Random-effects meta-analyses and meta-regressions were performed to estimate pooled mean outcome measures and to assess predictors of HSV-2 antibody prevalence (seroprevalence), trends in seroprevalence, and between-study heterogeneity. In total, sixty-one overall (133 stratified) HSV-2 seroprevalence measures and two overall (four stratified) proportion measures of HSV-2 detection in laboratory-confirmed genital herpes were extracted from 37 relevant publications. Pooled mean seroprevalence was 5.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.6%-6.8%) among general populations, 13.3% (95% CI: 8.6%-18.7%) among intermediate-risk populations, 20.6% (95% CI: 5.3%-42.3%) among female sex workers, and 18.3% (95% CI: 3.9%-39.4%) among male sex workers. Compared to Fertile Crescent countries, seroprevalence was 3.39-fold (95% CI: 1.86-6.20) and 3.90-fold (95% CI: 1.78-8.57) higher in Maghreb and Horn of Africa countries, respectively. Compared to studies published before 2010, seroprevalence was 1.73-fold (95% CI: 1.00-2.99) higher in studies published after 2015. Pooled mean proportion of HSV-2 detection in genital herpes was 73.8% (95% CI: 42.2%-95.9%). In conclusion, MENA has a lower HSV-2 seroprevalence than other world regions. Yet, 1 in 20 adults is chronically infected, despite conservative prevailing sexual norms. Seroprevalence may also be increasing, unlike other world regions. Findings support the need for expansion of surveillance and monitoring of HSV-2 infection in MENA.
Topics: Adult; Male; Humans; Female; Herpesvirus 2, Human; Herpes Genitalis; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Sex Workers; Herpes Simplex; Middle East; Africa, Northern
PubMed: 36815489
DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28603 -
PloS One 2019To investigate the epidemiology of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in Latin America and the Caribbean. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the epidemiology of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in Latin America and the Caribbean.
METHODS
Systematic review and meta-analytics guided by the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook and reported following the PRISMA guidelines.
RESULTS
Thirty-three relevant reports were identified including 35 overall (and 95 stratified) seroprevalence measures, and five and nine proportions of virus isolation in genital ulcer disease (GUD) and in genital herpes, respectively. Pooled mean seroprevalence was 57.2% (95% CI: 49.7-64.6%) among children and 88.4% (95% CI: 85.2-91.2%) among adults. Pooled mean seroprevalence was lowest at 49.7% (95% CI: 42.8-56.6%) in those aged ≤10, followed by 77.8% (95% CI: 67.9-84.8%) in those aged 10-20, 82.8% (95% CI: 73.1-90.8%) in those aged 20-30, 92.5% (95% CI: 89.4-95.1%) in those aged 30-40, and 94.2% (95% CI: 92.7-95.5%) in those aged ≥40. Age was the strongest source of heterogeneity in seroprevalence, explaining 54% of variation. Evidence was found for seroprevalence decline over time. Pooled mean proportion of HSV-1 isolation was 0.9% (95% CI: 0.0-3.6%) in GUD and 10.9% (95% CI: 4.4-19.4%) in genital herpes.
CONCLUSIONS
HSV-1 is a widely prevalent infection in this region, but its epidemiology may be slowly transitioning, with still limited contribution for HSV-1 in genital herpes.
Topics: Caribbean Region; Female; Herpes Genitalis; Herpes Simplex; Herpesvirus 1, Human; Humans; Latin America; Male; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Ulcer
PubMed: 31009486
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215487 -
BMC Infectious Diseases Oct 2013Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is a common co-infection among HIV-infected adults that is hypothesized to accelerate HIV disease progression. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is a common co-infection among HIV-infected adults that is hypothesized to accelerate HIV disease progression.
METHODS
We searched Medline, EMBASE, relevant conference proceedings (2006-12) and bibliographies of identified studies without language restriction for cohort studies examining the impact of HSV-2 on highly active antiretroviral therapy-untreated HIV disease in adults. The exposure of interest was HSV-2 seropositivity or clinical/laboratory markers of HSV-2 activity. The primary outcome was HIV disease progression, defined as antiretroviral initiation, development of AIDS/opportunistic infection, or progression to CD4 count thresholds (≤ 200 or ≤ 350 cells/mm(3)). Secondary outcomes included HIV plasma viral load and CD4 count.
RESULTS
Seven studies were included. No definitive relationship was observed between HSV-2 seropositivity and time to antiretroviral initiation (n=2 studies), CD4 ≤ 350 (n=1), CD4 ≤ 200 (n=1), death (n=1), viral load (n=6) or CD4 count (n=3). Although two studies each observed trends towards accelerated progression to clinical AIDS/opportunistic infection in HSV-2 seropositives, with pooled unadjusted hazard ratio=1.85 (95% CI=1.12,3.06; I2=2%), most OIs observed in the study for which data were available can occur at high CD4 counts and may not represent HIV progression. In contrast, a single study HSV-2 disease activity found that the presence of genital HSV-2 DNA was associated with a 0.4 log copies/mL increase in HIV viral load.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite an observation that HSV-2 activity is associated with increased HIV viral load, definitive evidence linking HSV-2 seropositivity to accelerated HIV disease progression is lacking. The attenuating effects of acyclovir on HIV disease progression observed in recent trials may result both from direct anti-HIV activity as well as from indirect benefits of HSV-2 suppression.
Topics: CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Coinfection; Disease Progression; HIV Infections; Herpes Genitalis; Herpesvirus 2, Human; Humans; Viral Load
PubMed: 24164861
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-502 -
Microbial Pathogenesis Mar 2021Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is one of the most important causes of death worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of C. pneumoniae, H. pylori,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The global prevalence of Chlamydia pneumoniae, Helicobacter pylori, Cytomegalovirus and Herpes simplex virus in patients with coronary artery disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND AND AIM
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is one of the most important causes of death worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of C. pneumoniae, H. pylori, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Herpes simplex virus (HSV) in CAD patients based on published serological and molecular studies.
METHODS
A systematic literature search was conducted in Medline (via PubMed), Embase, Scopus and Web of Science databases (1996-2019). Both molecular and serological studies were analyzed using STATA software (Version 14).
RESULTS
145 studies were included for final analysis. We gathered and investigated the prevalence of C. pneumoniae (25.1% [95% confidence interval (CI) 21.5-28.8%]), H. pylori (12.8% [(95% CI) 4.0-22.0%]), CMV (64.4% [(95% CI) 57.7-73.0%]) and HSV (31.8% [(95% CI) 21.5-42.2%]) in CAD patients from the analysis of molecular studies. Additionally, in serological studies, the prevalence of mentioned pathogens were 72.7% [(95% CI) 67.8-77.6%], 63.3% [(95% CI) 60.0-66.5%], 62.2% [(95% CI) 58.0-66.3%] and 34.3% [(95% CI) 23.6-45.1%] respectively.
CONCLUSION
Interestingly, there was only a significant increase in the prevalence of C. pneumoniae and H. pylori in serological studies compared to the reported data from molecular studies, while the prevalence of CMV and HSV were the same in both types of studies.
Topics: Chlamydophila pneumoniae; Coronary Artery Disease; Cytomegalovirus; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Prevalence; Simplexvirus
PubMed: 33166619
DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104572 -
Acta Tropica Nov 2018Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1), an important pathogen of cattle, can cause severe clinical syndromes including respiratory disease, genital disease, and late-term... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1), an important pathogen of cattle, can cause severe clinical syndromes including respiratory disease, genital disease, and late-term abortions, as well as neurological and systemic disease in cattle. For assessing the prevalence of BHV-1 infection in mainland China, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched English and Chinese literature databases for published paper regarding the prevalence of BHV-1 in cattle in China from inception to May 20, 2018. Search strings included if they reported the cattle samples of more than 30 cattle and provided information that allowed us to establish the prevalence of BHV-1. Moreover, we excluded repeated studies, reviews, other hosts studies, as well as studies with inconsistent data, incomplete information or only provided prevalence data, and out of mainland China data. We extracted how many cattle have BHV-1 infection from the obtained studies, moreover, and calculated pooled prevalence of BHV-1 infection in cattle. The data of 41 articles (including data on 43,441 cattle) are compliant with the standards. The pooled prevalence of BHV-1 in cattle in China was 40%, the pooled prevalence of BHV-1 in cattle from Northeast China (24%) was significant lower than those from other regions. In addition, the prevalence of BHV-1 was associated with publication time of paper, detection methods, age of cattle, and clinical symptoms (pneumonia, abortion etc.).Our findings suggest that BHV-1 is common in cattle in mainland China. It is necessary to monitor the prevalence of BHV-1 in cattle and the powerful and effective regulatory measures should be taken out to prevent the spread of BHV-1.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; China; Female; Herpesviridae Infections; Herpesvirus 1, Bovine; Pregnancy; Prevalence
PubMed: 30055174
DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.07.024