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Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society 2022Several methods have been proposed to increase bonding of zirconia with resin. However, we are still to find the Holy Grail. A systematic literature review was performed...
Several methods have been proposed to increase bonding of zirconia with resin. However, we are still to find the Holy Grail. A systematic literature review was performed through PubMed on international literature from January 2000 to May 2021 with relevant Medical Subject Headings terms. 56 articles were found to be relevant. Of all the different methods proposed, mechanochemical pretreatment of zirconia surface with alumina oxide and use of 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate were found to be most effective as per majority of studies. New methods that require further research also surfaced.
Topics: Resin Cements; Dental Bonding; Zirconium; Aluminum Oxide
PubMed: 36510943
DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_478_21 -
Clinical Oral Implants Research Sep 2009The aim of this systematic review was to screen the literature in order to locate animal and clinical data on bone-implant contact (BIC) and clinical survival/success... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
AIM
The aim of this systematic review was to screen the literature in order to locate animal and clinical data on bone-implant contact (BIC) and clinical survival/success that would help to answer the question 'Are ceramic implants a viable alternative to titanium implants?'
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A literature search was performed in the following databases: (1) the Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register, (2) the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), (3) MEDLINE (Ovid), and (4) PubMed. To evaluate biocompatibility, animal investigations were scrutinized regarding the amount of BIC and to assess implant longevity clinical data were evaluated.
RESULTS
The PubMed search yielded 349 titles and the Cochrane/MEDLINE search yielded 881 titles. Based upon abstract screening and discarding duplicates from both searches, 100 full-text articles were obtained and subjected to additional evaluation. A further publication was included based on the manual search. The selection process resulted in the final sample of 25 studies. No (randomized) controlled clinical trials regarding the outcome of zirconia and alumina ceramic implants could be found. The systematic review identified histological animal studies showing similar BIC between alumina, zirconia and titanium. Clinical investigations using different alumina oral implants up to 10 years showed survival/success rates in the range of 23 to 98% for different indications. The included zirconia implant studies presented a survival rate from 84% after 21 months to 98% after 1 year.
CONCLUSIONS
No difference was found in the rate of osseointegration between the different implant materials in animal experiments. Only cohort investigations were located with questionable scientific value. Alumina implants did not perform satisfactorily and therefore, based on this review, are not a viable alternative to titanium implants. Currently, the scientific clinical data for ceramic implants in general and for zirconia implants in particular are not sufficient to recommend ceramic implants for routine clinical use. Zirconia, however, may have the potential to be a successful implant material, although this is as yet unsupported by clinical investigations.
Topics: Aluminum Oxide; Animals; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Dental Implants; Dental Porcelain; Dental Restoration Failure; Humans; Osseointegration; Titanium; Zirconium
PubMed: 19663947
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2009.01785.x -
Survey of Ophthalmology 2007Orbital implants have been used for cosmesis following surgical removal of the eyeball, or enucleation, for over a century. Implant design has progressed significantly... (Review)
Review
Orbital implants have been used for cosmesis following surgical removal of the eyeball, or enucleation, for over a century. Implant design has progressed significantly in recent years with the use of porous devices, with the theoretical advantages of reduced complications and improved cosmesis. However, in some cases the theoretical benefits have not fully translated into clinical results. In this article the use of orbital implants in enucleation, with a particular focus on the newer porous biomaterials that have gained prominence over the last 15 years, is reviewed. Specific factors identified as affecting the performance of porous orbital implants include the material used, pore size, and morphology. Mechanical factors have received little consideration in the past and may form a basis for the use of higher compliance porous materials in the future. Of the porous materials in use, current clinical evidence is not sufficient to suggest either that porous implants are superior to non-porous implants, or that one material is more suited to the application than another. Future developments in this field require randomized controlled clinical trials with extensive follow-up as complications may not become evident until over 5 years post-implantation.
Topics: Aluminum Oxide; Biocompatible Materials; Durapatite; Eye Enucleation; Eye, Artificial; Humans; Orbital Implants; Polyethylene; Porosity; Prosthesis Implantation
PubMed: 17355854
DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2006.12.007 -
The International Journal of... 2021To conduct a systematic review to evaluate the influence of materials and surfaces used for dental implant abutments on the proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts.
PURPOSE
To conduct a systematic review to evaluate the influence of materials and surfaces used for dental implant abutments on the proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The focus question of this review was: Which material/surface characteristics used for dental implant abutments influence/enhance proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts? The Medline/PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched using "gingiva," "fibroblasts," "proliferation," and "dental implant abutments" as main keywords with AND/OR as Boolean operators. In vitro studies reporting 3 to 4 or 6 to 7 days of cell proliferation, surface hydrophilicity, and roughness were included. A quality assessment of the selected studies was performed using the web-based Science in Risk Assessment and Policy (SciRAP) tool.
RESULTS
The search identified 1,144 studies, and 44 were eligible for inclusion. The average reporting quality SciRAP score was 82.87 ± 10.68, and the average methodologic quality SciRAP score was 87.35 ± 10.55. Machined, polished, and coated titanium and zirconia surfaces were most commonly investigated. Several studies analyzed aluminum oxide, cobalt-chrome-molybdenum alloy, lithium disilicate, polyether ether ketone, polymer-infiltrated ceramic network, and bioglass. The best cell proliferation was observed on zirconia and on titanium harboring nanotubules or microgrooves. UV treatment, polydopamine, and nitride coatings also improved cell proliferation. Due to the heterogeneity of the data, no correlation could be established between cell profileration and surface hydrophilicity or roughness. However, surface roughness in the range of R = 15 to 145 nm and Sa = 19 to 500 nm on titanium and zirconia proved most suitable.
CONCLUSION
Titanium surfaces with directional guidance patterning and zirconia surfaces best supported cell proliferation during the first week of cell culture. Lack of standardization in surface definitions (machined or polished), methodology, and reporting prevented analytical comparison and should be imposed in future studies.
Topics: Cell Proliferation; Dental Abutments; Dental Implants; Dental Materials; Fibroblasts; Gingiva; Humans; Materials Testing; Surface Properties; Titanium; Zirconium
PubMed: 33616578
DOI: 10.11607/ijp.7388 -
Schweizer Monatsschrift Fur Zahnmedizin... 2006VITA In-Ceram Classic is a system to fabricate all-ceramic crowns and fixed partial dentures (FPDs) with a glass-infiltrated aluminium oxide core material. This... (Review)
Review
VITA In-Ceram Classic is a system to fabricate all-ceramic crowns and fixed partial dentures (FPDs) with a glass-infiltrated aluminium oxide core material. This systematic review gives an overview of the clinical performance of the In-Ceram Classic types Alumina, Spinell and Zirconia. Based on a systematic literature research, an evidence-based selection and assessment of clinical studies of In-Ceram Classic ceramics was carried out. A total of 294 publications were found, 21 of which conformed to the inclusion criteria. Only few meaningful studies of In-Ceram Alumina FPDs and In-Ceram Zirconia crowns and FPDs were found. The Five-year survival rate of In-Ceram Alumina crowns and In-Ceram Spinell crowns ranging from 91.7% to 100% is similar to the survival rate of conventional metal-ceramic crowns. The Five-year survival rate of single-retainer In-Ceram Alumina resin-bonded fixed partial dentures (RBFPDs) was 92.3%, and thus higher than that of two-retainer RBFPDs. In-Ceram Classic Alumina can be recommended for anterior and posterior crowns as well as for anterior single-retainer RBFPDs. In-Ceram Classic Spinell can be recommended for anterior crowns. Further studies have to be initiated in order to evaluate in detail the clinical performance of VITA In-Ceram Classic.
Topics: Aluminum Oxide; Computer-Aided Design; Crowns; Dental Porcelain; Dental Prosthesis Design; Dental Restoration Failure; Denture, Partial, Fixed; Humans; Life Tables; Magnesium Oxide; Metal Ceramic Alloys; Survival Analysis
PubMed: 16524214
DOI: No ID Found -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Sep 2015Central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in newborn infants cared for in neonatal units. Potential... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in newborn infants cared for in neonatal units. Potential strategies to prevent these infections include the use of central venous catheters impregnated with antimicrobial agents.
OBJECTIVES
To determine the effect of antimicrobial-impregnated central venous catheters in preventing catheter-related bloodstream infection in newborn infants.
SEARCH METHODS
We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL 2015, Issue 8), MEDLINE (1966 to September 2015), EMBASE (1980 to September 2015), CINAHL (1982 to September 2015), conference proceedings and previous reviews.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials comparing central venous catheters impregnated or coated with any antibiotic or antiseptic versus central venous catheters without antibiotic or antiseptic coating or impregnation in newborn infants.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
We extracted data using the standard methods of the Cochrane Neonatal Group, with independent evaluation of risk of bias and data extraction by two review authors.
MAIN RESULTS
We found only one small trial (N = 98). This trial found that silver zeolite-impregnated umbilical venous catheters reduced the incidence of bloodstream infection in very preterm infants (risk ratio 0.11, 95% confidence interval 0.01 to 0.87; risk difference -0.17, 95% CI -0.30 to -0.04; number needed to treat for benefit 6, 95% CI 3 to 25].
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
Although the data from one small trial indicates that antimicrobial-impregnated central venous catheters might prevent catheter-related bloodstream infection in newborn infants, the available evidence is insufficient to guide clinical practice. A large, simple and pragmatic randomised controlled trial is needed to resolve on-going uncertainty.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Catheter-Related Infections; Central Venous Catheters; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Silver Compounds; Umbilical Veins; Zeolites
PubMed: 26409791
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD011078.pub2 -
PLoS Medicine Jun 2007The global tuberculosis epidemic results in nearly 2 million deaths and 9 million new cases of the disease a year. The vast majority of tuberculosis patients live in... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
The global tuberculosis epidemic results in nearly 2 million deaths and 9 million new cases of the disease a year. The vast majority of tuberculosis patients live in developing countries, where the diagnosis of tuberculosis relies on the identification of acid-fast bacilli on unprocessed sputum smears using conventional light microscopy. Microscopy has high specificity in tuberculosis-endemic countries, but modest sensitivity which varies among laboratories (range 20% to 80%). Moreover, the sensitivity is poor for paucibacillary disease (e.g., pediatric and HIV-associated tuberculosis). Thus, the development of rapid and accurate new diagnostic tools is imperative. Immune-based tests are potentially suitable for use in low-income countries as some test formats can be performed at the point of care without laboratory equipment. Currently, dozens of distinct commercial antibody detection tests are sold in developing countries. The question is "do they work?"
METHODS AND FINDINGS
We conducted a systematic review to assess the accuracy of commercial antibody detection tests for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Studies from all countries using culture and/or microscopy smear for confirmation of pulmonary tuberculosis were eligible. Studies with fewer than 50 participants (25 patients and 25 control participants) were excluded. In a comprehensive search, we identified 68 studies. The results demonstrate that (1) overall, commercial tests vary widely in performance; (2) sensitivity is higher in smear-positive than smear-negative samples; (3) in studies of smear-positive patients, Anda-TB IgG by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay shows limited sensitivity (range 63% to 85%) and inconsistent specificity (range 73% to 100%); (4) specificity is higher in healthy volunteers than in patients in whom tuberculosis disease is initially suspected and subsequently ruled out; and (5) there are insufficient data to determine the accuracy of most commercial tests in smear microscopy-negative patients, as well as their performance in children or persons with HIV infection.
CONCLUSIONS
None of the commercial tests evaluated perform well enough to replace sputum smear microscopy. Thus, these tests have little or no role in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Lack of methodological rigor in these studies was identified as a concern. It will be important to review the basic science literature evaluating serological tests for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis to determine whether useful antigens have been described but their potential has not been fully exploited. Activities leading to the discovery of new antigens with immunodiagnostic potential need to be intensified.
Topics: Adult; Agglutination Tests; Antibodies, Bacterial; Blood Preservation; Blotting, Western; Child; Comorbidity; Developing Countries; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; HIV Infections; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Kaolin; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Predictive Value of Tests; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; Reproducibility of Results; Research Design; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sputum; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
PubMed: 17564490
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0040202 -
The Journal of Adhesive Dentistry Apr 2022To identify the most effective cleaning method for saliva-contaminated zirconia surface before adhesive cementation through a systematic review and meta-analysis. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
PURPOSE
To identify the most effective cleaning method for saliva-contaminated zirconia surface before adhesive cementation through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched to select in vitro studies published through October 2021. Studies that did not perform aging methods, had a sample size less than 5 per group, or did not present a group with zirconia contaminated only with saliva were excluded. Data were extracted and risk of bias was assessed. Statistical analysis comparing the cleaning methods was conducted, and the standardized mean difference was assessed using the R software program.
RESULTS
Among 804 potentially eligible studies, 36 were selected for full-text reading, of which 13 were included in qualitative analysis, and 11 of these were subsequently included in the quantitative analysis. A meta-analysis revealed a significant difference in the bond strength between the cleaning methods. Sandblasting with Al2O3 showed a higher bond strength than cleaning solution (Ivoclean, Ivoclar Vivadent) (p < 0.01, I2 = 65%), and both methods promoted higher resin-bond strength to zirconia than water cleaning. In addition, there was no significant difference in the bond strength between alcohol (p = 0.35, I2 = 79%), phosphoric acid (p < 0.23, I2 = 90%), and water cleaning.
CONCLUSION
Sandblasting with Al2O3 seems to be the best method for zirconia surface cleaning before adhesive luting, promoting better resin-bond strength to zirconia.
Topics: Aluminum Oxide; Dental Bonding; Dental Cements; Dental Stress Analysis; Glass Ionomer Cements; Materials Testing; Resin Cements; Saliva; Surface Properties; Water; Zirconium
PubMed: 35416445
DOI: 10.3290/j.jad.b2916437 -
The International Journal of Oral &... Feb 2024To determine the characteristics of dental implant transmucosal surfaces that influence soft tissue attachment and marginal bone loss (MBL).
PURPOSE
To determine the characteristics of dental implant transmucosal surfaces that influence soft tissue attachment and marginal bone loss (MBL).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library electronic databases were searched based on predefined PICO eligibility criteria. Data from animal studies that compared junctional epithelium and connective tissue attachment and MBL from 4 days to 72 weeks were analyzed. The risk of bias was performed with the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation tool. A rank analysis evaluation of data was performed, and the most frequently appearing materials/surfaces for each tissue compartment were identified.
RESULTS
The search identified 3,549 studies, 28 of which were eligible for analysis, with an average risk of bias of 28% ± 10%. Machined, polished, etched, sandblasted, or coated titanium and zirconia materials/surfaces were most frequently examined. Several studies investigated lithium disilicate, polyether ether ketone (PEEK) or polyether ketone ketone (PEKK), aluminum oxide, and gold. Based on ranking and frequency of use at different time points, titanium grade IV (Ti-4) microthreads with a polished neck area most frequently supported natural tooth-like junctional epithelial attachment (≤ 1.5 mm), while machined Ti-4 and machined titanium grade V (Ti-5) most frequently supported connective tissue attachment (≤ 1.25 mm) and led to the least MBL (≤ 0.75 mm).
CONCLUSIONS
Analyzed data suggest that Ti-4 microthreads with a polished neck area and machined Ti-4 and Ti-5 were the materials/surfaces of choice for the transmucosal part of implants. However, the extensive heterogeneity in reported studies precludes solid identification of the best materials/surfaces.
Topics: Animals; Dental Implants; Titanium; Bone Diseases, Metabolic; Aluminum Oxide; Epithelial Attachment
PubMed: 38416011
DOI: 10.11607/jomi.10398 -
Complementary Therapies in Medicine Dec 2018To evaluate the benefits and harms of pediatric Tui Na as a non-pharmaceutical Chinese medicine therapy for acute diarrhea in children under 5 years of age. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the benefits and harms of pediatric Tui Na as a non-pharmaceutical Chinese medicine therapy for acute diarrhea in children under 5 years of age.
DESIGN
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
METHODS
We searched seven major English and Chinese databases from their inception to January 2018 for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing pediatric Tui Na therapy with conventional medicine (montmorillonite/diosmectite or probiotics used alone or in combination). Two authors extracted data and assessed the Cochrane risk of bias, independently. The primary outcomes are clinical cure rate and diarrhea duration from admission to the cessation of diarrhea. 'Clinical cure' is defined as the frequency, timing and character of stool back to normal status, as well as disappearance of diarrhea symptoms. We present dichotomous data as risk ratio (RR), and continuous data as mean difference (MD) with their 95% confidence interval (CI). We used the Cochrane's Revman software (v.5.3) for data analysis. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was applied to calculate the required sample size in a meta-analysis and detect the robustness of the results. The GRADEpro was used to generate a summary of finding table.
RESULTS
Totally 26 RCTs were included, involving 2410 children with acute diarrhea. Most of the included trials had high or unclear risk of bias in terms of random sequence generation, blinding, and incomplete outcome reporting. The pooled results demonstrated that pediatric Tui Na was superior to montmorillonite after three-session treatment (RR 1.45, 95% CI 1.29-1.62, n = 772, 10 trials), and also superior to montmorillonite combined with probiotics after three-session treatment (RR 2.04, 95% CI 1.49-2.78, n = 533, 7 trials) and after six-session treatment (RR 1.52, 95% CI 1.34-1.73, n = 631, 5 trials) in improving clinical cure rate. Pediatric Tui Na significantly decreased the duration of acute diarrhea (hrs) (MD -0.40 h, 95% CI -15.31 to -5.48 h, n = 410, 6 trials) and daily stool frequency (MD -1.71times, 95% CI -2.37 to -1.04, n = 217, 3 trials, after three-session treatment). No adverse event related to pediatric Tui Na was reported in the included trials. The quality of evidence of included trials was generally moderate to low. TSA for cure rate demonstrated that the pooled data reached a sufficient power regarding both numbers of trials and participants.
CONCLUSIONS
This review shows pediatric Tui Na appears to be effective and safe in improving clinical cure rate and shortening diarrhea duration in childhood aged less than five years of age with acute diarrhea. However, rigorously designed well-reported RCTs are warranted to confirm the findings.
Topics: Acupuncture Points; Acute Disease; Bentonite; Child, Preschool; Defecation; Diarrhea; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Massage; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Pediatrics; Probiotics; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 30477824
DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.08.011