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International Journal of Oral... Mar 2022To systematically review and analyse the efficacy of the socket shield technique in conjunction with immediate implant placement in the aesthetic zone in randomised... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
PURPOSE
To systematically review and analyse the efficacy of the socket shield technique in conjunction with immediate implant placement in the aesthetic zone in randomised controlled trials.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane databases were searched from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2020. All randomised controlled trials reporting on immediate implantation with the socket shield technique in the aesthetic zone, with at least 15 patients and a 6-month follow-up, were included and analysed. A meta-analysis was then performed using both fixed and random effects models to evaluate the differences in buccal plate height, buccal plate width and pink aesthetic score between immediate implant placement with the socket shield technique and the conventional immediate implant placement technique.
RESULTS
Four randomised controlled trials were included and underwent quantitative analysis in the present systematic review and meta-analysis. When compared with the conventional immediate implantation group, the buccal plate height and buccal plate width for the socket shield technique group were statistically significant, with an overall increase of 0.57 mm (95% confidence interval -0.73 to -0.40) and 0.21 mm (95% confidence interval -0.26 to -0.16), respectively, at 6 months. Moreover, the pink aesthetic score for the socket shield technique group improved significantly by 1.59 points (95% confidence interval 0.05 to 3.15) at 6 months, and also demonstrated a statistically significant increase of 1.39 points (95% confidence interval 0.32 to 2.46) compared to the control group at the medium-term follow-up (12 to 36 months).
CONCLUSIONS
The present findings suggest that the socket shield technique has the potential to maintain buccal tissue contours and peri-implant tissue stability, improving functional and aesthetic outcomes in the aesthetic zone compared with the conventional immediate implant placement technique.
Topics: Dental Implants, Single-Tooth; Esthetics, Dental; Humans; Immediate Dental Implant Loading; Tooth Socket; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 35266668
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Cranio-maxillo-facial... Oct 2021This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness of a warm saline mouth bath (WSMB) in preventing dry socket after tooth extractions. A... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness of a warm saline mouth bath (WSMB) in preventing dry socket after tooth extractions. A systematic search for randomized controlled trials published until August 30, 2020, in seven databases was conducted: Cochrane, PubMed, Ovid Medline, Google Scholar, and OpenGrey databases, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry. The inclusion criteria were studies investigating the use of a warm saline mouth bath postoperatively in a population of participants who had a tooth extraction, compared to no mouth rinse at all/any other mouth rinse. The primary outcome assessed in the studies was the incidence of alveolar osteitis. Only eight randomized studies met all inclusion criteria and were selected for qualitative analysis. Six of the studies compared WSMB with antimicrobial rinses, and two studies compared WSMB with no-rinse. This review found no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the incidence of alveolar osteitis between WSMB and other antimicrobial rinses. Based on the results of this review, WSMB has potential in reducing post-operative complications such as alveolar osteitis following a routine or surgical extraction of teeth. However, more studies are needed to validate these findings, as most of the studies reviewed had a high level of bias.
Topics: Dry Socket; Humans; Mouthwashes; Postoperative Complications; Saline Solution; Tooth Extraction
PubMed: 34509363
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2021.09.001 -
International Journal of Oral and... Mar 2021The purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the control of alveolar osteitis (AO), pain, trismus, soft tissue healing, and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Effect of platelet-rich fibrin on the control of alveolar osteitis, pain, trismus, soft tissue healing, and swelling following mandibular third molar surgery: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.
The purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the control of alveolar osteitis (AO), pain, trismus, soft tissue healing, and swelling following mandibular third molar surgery. A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted through PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library up to May 2019. Randomized controlled studies conforming to the inclusion criteria were included. The record screening and data extraction were conducted by two authors independently. The risk of bias assessment was performed according to the guidelines recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration. The quantitative analysis was performed using RevMan version 5.3. Nineteen studies were included in the systematic review and 17 studies were eligible for the meta-analysis. The use of PRF significantly reduced the incidence of AO and postoperative pain when compared to the controls (AO: relative risk 0.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.28 to 0.65, Z=3.90, P<0.0001 (I=0%); pain: day 1, standardized mean difference (SMD) -1.12, 95% CI -1.87 to -0.37, Z=2.93, P=0.003 (I=95%); day 3, SMD -0.93, 95% CI -1.48 to -0.38, Z=3.30, P=0.001 (I=92%); day 7, SMD -1.84, 95% CI -2.98 to -0.71, Z=3.19, P=0.001 (I=97%)). Additionally, the result showed a better soft tissue healing when PRF was used (mean difference -0.63, 95% CI -1.08 to -0.18, Z=2.76, P=0.006 (I=90%)). The use of PRF reduced the incidence of AO and postoperative pain following third molar surgery. Furthermore, PRF may also improve the postoperative soft tissue healing.
Topics: Dry Socket; Humans; Molar, Third; Pain, Postoperative; Platelet-Rich Fibrin; Tooth Extraction; Tooth, Impacted; Trismus
PubMed: 32950350
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.08.014 -
International Journal of Oral and... Jan 2023This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the available literature on the clinical outcomes of the use of autogenous tooth bone graft prepared chairside, and its... (Review)
Review
This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the available literature on the clinical outcomes of the use of autogenous tooth bone graft prepared chairside, and its current applications. A literature search was done to answer the focused questions "In partially edentulous patients, what are the alveolar ridge volumetric changes, histological findings, and implant survival rates in sites augmented with autogenous tooth bone graft prepared chairside?" Twenty articles were included at the end of the database search. Reported alveolar bone dimension changes after ridge preservation ranged between - 0.64 mm and + 2.26 mm for height, and between - 1.21 mm and + 0.41 mm for width. Augmented sites showed a significant increase in their dimensions in all investigations. The implant survival rate was 98.8% for delayed placement and 97.4% for immediate placement. Additional reports were found on the percentage bone formation following the use of this graft at different postoperative time points, which showed a higher bone volume with time. Currently available studies have included small samples, with short follow-up periods, and most have lacked a control group. Within the limitations of this review, the available evidence suggests that the autogenous tooth bone graft prepared chairside is as effective as other bone grafting materials.
Topics: Humans; Alveolar Ridge Augmentation; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Bone Substitutes; Bone Transplantation; Tooth Extraction; Tooth Socket
PubMed: 35618639
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2022.04.018 -
Journal of the Science of Food and... Mar 2018Dairy milk consists of more than 85% water. Therefore, understanding the regulation of fluid absorption in the mammary gland is relevant to improving milk production. In... (Review)
Review
Dairy milk consists of more than 85% water. Therefore, understanding the regulation of fluid absorption in the mammary gland is relevant to improving milk production. In recent decades, studies using different approaches, including blood flow, transmembrane fluid flow, tight junction, fluid flow of the paracellular pathway and functional mammary epithelial cell state, have been conducted aiming to investigate how mammary gland fluid absorption is regulated. However, the relationship between regulation mechanisms of fluid flow and milk production has not been studied systematically. The present review summarizes a series of key milk yield regulatory factors mediated by whole-mammary fluid flow, including milk, mammary blood flow, blood/tissue fluid-cell fluid flow and cell-alveolus fluid flow. Whole-mammary fluid flow regulates milk production by altering transporter activity, ion channels, local microcirculation-related factors, driving force of fluid transport (osmotic pressure or electrochemical gradient), cellular connection state and a cell volume sensitive mechanism. In addition, whole-mammary fluid flow plays important roles in milk synthesis and secretion. Knowledge gained from fluid flow-mediated regulatory mechanisms of the dairy mammary gland will lead to a fundamental understanding of lactation biology and will be beneficial for the improvement of dairy productivity. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Body Fluids; Cattle; Dairying; Female; Homeostasis; Humans; Lactation; Mammary Glands, Animal; Microcirculation; Milk; Regional Blood Flow; Tight Junctions
PubMed: 28758674
DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8605 -
International Journal of Oral and... Sep 2017The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the survival rate of the implants and the peri-implant tissue changes associated with implants... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the survival rate of the implants and the peri-implant tissue changes associated with implants inserted in fresh extraction sockets and those inserted in healed sockets. This review has been registered at PROSPERO under the number CRD42016043309. A systematic search was conducted by two reviewers independently in the databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library using different search terms; articles published until November 2016 were searched for. The searches identified 30 eligible studies. A total of 3,049 implants were installed in a total of 1,435 patients with a mean age of 46.68 years and a minimum of 6 months of follow-up. The survival rate of delayed implants (98.38%) was significantly greater than immediate implants (95.21%) (p=.001). For the marginal bone loss (p=.32), implant stability quotients values (p=.44), and pocket probing depth (p=.94) there was no significant difference between the analysed groups. The immediate implants placed in fresh sockets should be performed with caution because of the significantly lower survival rates than delayed implants inserted in healed sockets.
Topics: Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Dental Implants, Single-Tooth; Dental Restoration Failure; Humans; Immediate Dental Implant Loading; Tooth Extraction; Tooth Socket
PubMed: 28478869
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.03.016 -
The International Journal of Oral &... 2020This systematic review aimed to assess the effect of chlorhexidine (CHX) in preventing complications after extractive, implant, and periodontal surgery. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
PURPOSE
This systematic review aimed to assess the effect of chlorhexidine (CHX) in preventing complications after extractive, implant, and periodontal surgery.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The PICO question set for this systematic review was: "Is the use of chlorhexidine formulations able to prevent complications (safety) in patients undergoing procedures of either oral surgery, dental implantology, or periodontology compared to treatment procedures in patients without a chlorhexidine prescription?" Once inclusion and exclusion criteria were established, a search was carried out independently by two researchers on PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science. The primary outcomes investigated were the rate of alveolar osteitis and bacteremia after surgical procedures in oral surgery. Meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA) were performed in order to evaluate the findings.
RESULTS
After the selection, the 32 studies that fully met the eligibility criteria were considered in this systematic review. A meta-analysis was only possible for data obtained from studies related to extractive surgery. Meta-analysis and TSA showed a statistically significant decrease in the rate of alveolar osteitis after tooth extraction when CHX was employed compared with placebo treatments or treatments not using CHX (RR = 0.49; 95% CI: [0.40, 0.60], P < .001; I = 8%). Focusing on the rate of bacteremia, meta-analysis and TSA showed how the employment of CHX (RR = 0.87; 95% CI: [0.79, 0.96], P = .004; I = 4%) decreases the rate of bacteremia after extractive surgery. Data from the literature seem to lack in the evaluation of CHX use for the reduction of complications in periodontology and implant dentistry.
CONCLUSION
This systematic review showed with a good power of evidence that CHX employment reduces alveolar osteitis and bacteremia rates after dental extractions.
Topics: Chlorhexidine; Dental Implants; Dry Socket; Humans
PubMed: 33270055
DOI: 10.11607/jomi.8216 -
Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Feb 2022This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the effects of different graft materials used in alveolar ridge preservation on dimensional hard tissue changes of the... (Review)
Review
Cone-beam computed tomographic evaluation of dimensional hard tissue changes following alveolar ridge preservation techniques of different bone substitutes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
PURPOSE
This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the effects of different graft materials used in alveolar ridge preservation on dimensional hard tissue changes of the alveolar ridge, assessed using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans.
METHODS
A systematic electronic search of MEDLINE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and a manual search were conducted from November 2019 until January 2020. Randomized controlled trials were included if they assessed at least 1 variable related to vertical or horizontal hard tissue changes measured using CBCT scans. After a qualitative analysis of the included studies, subgroups were formed according to the graft material used, and a quantitative analysis was performed for 5 outcome variables: changes in vertical alveolar bone height at 2 points (midbuccal and midpalatal/midlingual) and changes in horizontal (buccolingual) alveolar bone width at 3 different levels from the initial crest height (1, 3, and 5 mm).
RESULTS
The search resulted in 1,582 studies, and after an independent 3-stage screening, 16 studies were selected for qualitative analysis and 9 for quantitative analysis. The meta-analysis showed a significantly (<0.05) lower reduction of alveolar ridge dimensions for the xenogenic subgroup than in the allogenic subgroup, both vertically at the midbuccal aspect (weighted mean difference [WMD]=-0.20; standard error [SE]=0.26 vs. WMD=-0.90; SE=0.22) as well as horizontally at 1 mm (WMD=-1.32; SE=0.07 vs. WMD=-2.99; SE=0.96) and 3 mm (WMD=-0.78; SE=0.11 vs. WMD=-1.63; SE=0.40) from the initial crest height. No statistical analysis could be performed for the autogenic subgroup because it was not reported in sufficient numbers.
CONCLUSIONS
Less vertical and horizontal bone reduction was observed when xenogenic graft materials were used than when allogenic graft materials were used; however, the loss of alveolar ridge dimensions could not be completely prevented by any graft material.
PubMed: 35187870
DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2007100355 -
Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related... Feb 2024The present systematic review aimed to identify and summarize the clinical, radiographic, and histological outcomes of alveolar ridge preservation using bone xenografts... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
AIM
The present systematic review aimed to identify and summarize the clinical, radiographic, and histological outcomes of alveolar ridge preservation using bone xenografts and absorbable sealing materials compared with spontaneous healing in the esthetic zone.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) fulfilling specific eligibility criteria were included. Two review authors independently searched for eligible studies, extracted data from the published reports and performed the risk of bias assessment (RoB 2 tool). Study results were summarized using random effects meta-analyses.
RESULTS
Thirteen articles concerning 10 RCTs were included, involving a total of 357 participants. Most of studies were considered as "low" risk of bias. Meta-analyses indicated less horizontal (difference in means-MD = 1.88 mm; p < 0.001), vertical mid-buccal (MD = 1.84 mm; p < 0.001) and vertical mid-lingual (MD = 2.27 mm; p < 0.001) bone resorption in alveolar ridge preservation compared to spontaneous healing as assessed clinically. Bone changes assessed radiographically showed consistent results in terms of horizontal (at 1 mm: MD = 1.84 mm, p < 0.001), vertical mid-buccal (MD = 0.95 mm; p < 0.001) and mid-lingual (MD = 0.62 mm; p = 0.05) resorption. Part of the bone resorption in the spontaneous healing group was compensated by soft-tissues, since the observed differences between groups in linear ridge reduction evaluated through cast models superimposition were smaller (MD = 0.52 mm; p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Alveolar ridge preservation with xenogeneic bone substitutes and non-autogenous resorbable socket sealing materials is efficacious in reducing post-extraction bone and ridge changes in the esthetic region.
Topics: Humans; Alveolar Process; Tooth Socket; Alveolar Ridge Augmentation; Alveolar Bone Loss; Heterografts; Remission, Spontaneous; Tooth Extraction; Esthetics, Dental
PubMed: 37674334
DOI: 10.1111/cid.13257 -
International Journal of Oral and... Jan 2022The aim of this study was to answer the question: which analgesic protocol is most efficient and most effective in overcoming pain and promoting functional recovery... (Review)
Review
The aim of this study was to answer the question: which analgesic protocol is most efficient and most effective in overcoming pain and promoting functional recovery after iliac bone grafting in cleft alveolus patients? A systematic review of the literature was performed. The population consisted of cleft lip and alveolus patients with or without cleft palate undergoing iliac crest bone grafting; the outcomes analysed were represented by the duration of hospital stay, subjective pain rating, and degree of impaired mobility. A total of 15 articles were selected for review. The following protocols were subject to comparison in this review: simple classic intravenous/per-oral analgesia, local anaesthetic infiltration in the donor site, anaesthetic-soaked sponge, neural blocks and continuous infusion at the donor site. The results of the included studies were individually reported identifying trends in the efficiency of the different pain-management techniques. Although hospital stay varied from same-day discharge to almost a week, other factors besides pain influenced this outcome. School was resumed after an average of 12.6 days and sport activities after maximum one month regardless of the used protocol. Even though the age of patients had a statistically significant influence on hospital stay durations, it did not determine the latter. The pain management protocols after iliac bone grafting of alveolar clefts selected for analysis have their advantages and drawbacks. All protocols seem effective meaning they reach adequacy in managing pain at the donor site. The efficiency of the protocols could not be assessed due to the lack of data and inconsistency in pain assessment scales. Further investigation through randomized controlled studies is required.
Topics: Alveolar Bone Grafting; Bone Transplantation; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate; Humans; Ilium; Pain Management; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 34090758
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.05.004