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Journal of Functional Biomaterials May 2023Socket preservation techniques have been used to maintain the ridge dimension following tooth extraction. The materials used influence the quality and quantity of newly... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Socket preservation techniques have been used to maintain the ridge dimension following tooth extraction. The materials used influence the quality and quantity of newly formed bone. Therefore, the aim of this article was to systematically review the literature reporting both histological and radiographic outcomes of socket preservation techniques after tooth extraction in human subjects.
MATERIAL AND METHOD
A systematic electronic search was performed in the electronic databases. English language clinical studies that were published between 2017 and 2022 and included both histological and radiographic findings for the test and control groups. Our primary search produced 848 articles, and of these, 215 were duplicate studies. A total of 72 articles were then eligible for full-text reading.
RESULTS
The review included eight studies that met its inclusion criteria. Three outcomes were compared in the included studies. The percentage of newly formed bone ranged from 21.34 ± 9.14% to more than 50% of new bone formation. The materials that showed more than 50% of newly formed bone formation were demineralized dentin graft, platelet-rich fibrin, freeze-dried bone allograft, corticocancellous porcine, and autogenous bone. Four Studies did not report the percentage of the residual graft materials, while those who reported showed a variable range of a minimum 1.5% to more than 25%. One study did not report the changes in horizontal width at the follow-up period, while other studies ranged from 0.6 mm to 10 mm.
CONCLUSION
Socket preservation represents an efficient technique to preserve the ridge contour with satisfactory newly formed bone in the augmented site and maintaining the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the ridge.
PubMed: 37233391
DOI: 10.3390/jfb14050282 -
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral... Oct 2020Secondary alveolar bone grafting (SABG) has become the principal means of treating alveolar cleft defects. We reviewed the literature on 2-dimensional (2-D) and... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Secondary alveolar bone grafting (SABG) has become the principal means of treating alveolar cleft defects. We reviewed the literature on 2-dimensional (2-D) and 3-dimensional (3-D) radiographic evaluation of SABG in patients with cleft lip and alveolus (CLA) and those with cleft lip and palate (CLP), with a focus on outcomes.
STUDY DESIGN
We searched several electronic databases to the end of 2018. The inclusion criteria were nonsyndromic CLA or CLP treated with SABG at an optimal age and evaluation performed no earlier than 3 months postoperatively. Study quality was evaluated by using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies and the Cochrane Collaboration tool.
RESULTS
We identified 282 articles from 3 databases. Full texts of 102 articles were analyzed, and finally 11 articles were included for qualitative analysis. 2-D and 3-D radiographic evaluations were performed in each study. Traditional 2-D radiographic imaging tended to overestimate success; bone resorption in the labiopalatal direction was inaccurate in 2-D views. Most articles were observational in nature and of moderate methodologic quality.
CONCLUSIONS
2-D evaluation tended to overestimate SABG outcomes; 3-D evaluation was more precise and reliable than 2-D radiography. A gold standard 3-D evaluation protocol is required for quantitative comparisons in the future.
Topics: Alveolar Bone Grafting; Bone Transplantation; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate; Humans
PubMed: 32553577
DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2020.04.815 -
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... Jun 2017To assess the effect of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the healing process of the alveolar socket after surgical extraction of the mandibular third molars. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
To assess the effect of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the healing process of the alveolar socket after surgical extraction of the mandibular third molars.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, and relevant journals were searched using a combination of specific keywords ("platelet-rich fibrin," "oral surgery," and "third molar"). The final search was conducted on November 2, 2015. Randomized controlled clinical trials, as well as controlled clinical trials, aimed at comparing the effect of PRF versus natural healing after extraction of mandibular third molars were included.
RESULTS
Five randomized controlled trials and one controlled clinical trial were included. There were 335 extractions (168 with PRF and 167 controls) in 183 participants. Considerable heterogeneity in study characteristics, outcome variables, and estimated scales was observed. Positive results were generally recorded for pain, trismus, swelling, periodontal pocket depth, soft tissue healing, and incidence of localized osteitis, but not in all studies. However, no meta-analysis could be conducted for such variables because of the different measurement scales used. The qualitative and meta-analysis results showed no significant improvement in bone healing with PRF-treated sockets compared with the naturally healing sockets.
CONCLUSIONS
Within the limitations of the available evidence, PRF seems to have no beneficial role in bone healing after extraction of the mandibular third molars. Future standardized randomized controlled clinical trials are required to estimate the effect of PRF on socket regeneration.
Topics: Blood Platelets; Fibrin; Humans; Mandible; Molar, Third; Tooth Extraction; Tooth Socket; Tooth, Impacted; Wound Healing
PubMed: 28236425
DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2017.01.022 -
International Journal of Oral and... Jul 2022The objective of this systematic review was to test the hypothesis of no difference in recovery following surgical removal of mandibular third molars with the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The objective of this systematic review was to test the hypothesis of no difference in recovery following surgical removal of mandibular third molars with the application of advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) in the extraction socket compared with alternative biomaterials or natural wound healing. A search of MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus was conducted. Human randomized controlled trials published in English up until December 31, 2020 were included. Outcome measures were pain, facial swelling, trismus, soft tissue healing, alveolar osteitis, and quality of life; these were evaluated by descriptive statistics and meta-analysis including 95% confidence intervals (CI). Four studies with a low or moderate risk of bias fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A-PRF resulted in significantly lower pain scores when compared with leucocyte platelet-rich fibrin or natural wound healing after 2 days (-16.8, 95% CI -18.9 to -14.7), 3 days (-12.1, 95% CI -13.4 to -10.7), and 7 days (-1.9, 95% CI -2.9 to -0.9). A-PRF seems to have a negligible effect on facial swelling and trismus and some beneficial effect on soft tissue healing. Alveolar osteitis and quality of life were not assessed. The included studies were characterized by considerable heterogeneity and confounding variables. Thus, the level of evidence appears to be inadequate for clinical recommendations according to the focused question.
Topics: Dry Socket; Humans; Molar, Third; Platelet-Rich Fibrin; Quality of Life; Tooth Extraction; Tooth, Impacted; Trismus
PubMed: 35033409
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.11.014 -
Clinical Oral Implants Research Sep 2015Peri-implant hard-tissue augmentation is a widely used clinical procedure. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Peri-implant hard-tissue augmentation is a widely used clinical procedure.
AIM
The present review aimed to analyse the current literature regarding medium- and long-term data concerning the stability of peri-implant tissues after hard-tissue augmentation prior or immediately with implant placement.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
An electronic literature search was performed using Medline (PubMed) databases detecting clinical studies focusing on hard- and soft-tissue stability around dental implants placed either in augmented alveolar ridges or simultaneously with peri-implant bone grafting. The search was limited to articles published between 1995 and December 2014, focusing on clinical studies with a prospective study design assessing peri-implant bone and soft tissue stability over time with a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Recent publications were also searched manually to find any relevant studies that might have been missed using the search criteria noted above.
RESULTS
Thirty-seven articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. Since the outcome measures and methods, as well as types of grafts and implants used were so heterogeneous, the performance of meta-analysis was impossible. The highest level of evidence was achieved by randomized clinical trials.
CONCLUSION
Different hard-tissue augmentation procedures seem to show stable peri-implant tissues, although, up to now, long-term stability of the augmented buccal bone is assessed by only few studies. Further research should concentrate on combining three-dimensional radiographic data with non-invasive methods as digital surface measuring techniques or ultrasound evaluation.
Topics: Alveolar Ridge Augmentation; Bone Substitutes; Bone Transplantation; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Dental Implants; Dental Restoration Failure; Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal; Humans; Tooth Socket
PubMed: 26385626
DOI: 10.1111/clr.12635 -
Tissue Engineering and Regenerative... Jun 2022Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) has shown great potential in osteogenesis; however, some studies still question utilizing it as a grafting material. Thus, the aim of this... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) has shown great potential in osteogenesis; however, some studies still question utilizing it as a grafting material. Thus, the aim of this review is to evaluate the effect of PRF when used in socket and ridge preservation procedures.
METHODS
Electronic searches through MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane, Science Citation Index Expanded databases and manual searches of unpublished data, academic theses, and journals were conducted up until July 2021. The outcomes were to assess the ability of PRF as a graft material to preserve bone width, height, and density after tooth extraction.
RESULTS
Twelve studies were included in the review, using PRF showed significant results in all three outcomes when compared to no grafting at all, however when compared to other commonly used grafting materials it showed a lesser effect. On the other hand, most studies included reported mixing PRF with a graft material showed the best result. The meta-analysis also revealed the significant results in using PRF on the three outcomes.
CONCLUSION
The meta-analysis of the studies included proved the beneficial effect of PRF in socket preservation surgeries alone or in combination with other graft materials, but further individual multi-centre randomized controlled studies with appropriate sample size are still needed to further confirm our findings.
Topics: Osteogenesis; Platelet-Rich Fibrin; Tooth Extraction; Tooth Socket
PubMed: 35334092
DOI: 10.1007/s13770-021-00428-y -
Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi = Huaxi... Oct 2021This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in mandibular third molar extraction and provide suggestions for alleviating postoperative... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in mandibular third molar extraction and provide suggestions for alleviating postoperative complications.
METHODS
Pubmed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and SinoMed were searched electronically on February 2020. Randomized controlled trials focusing on PRF usage in mandibular third molar extraction were included. Reviewers assessed the risk of bias in the included literature and extracted data independently using the criteria recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 and STATA 13.0.
RESULTS
Twenty-one studies were included, comprising 991 patients who had mandibular third molar extraction. The topical application of PRF effectively reduced pain after extraction [MD=-12.06, 95%CI (-21.42, -2.71), =0.01], attenuated post-extraction swelling [MD=-1.42, 95%CI (-2.41, -0.44), =0.005], and promoted soft tissue hea-ling [MD=0.66, 95%CI (0.34, 0.99), <0.000 1]. PRF significantly reduced trismus and alveolar osteitis (<0.05). However, data could not prove whether PRF has any significant positive effect on bone healing compared with the control group (>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Limited clinical evidence indicates that applying PRF after mandibular third molar extraction could reduce pain, swelling, trismus and the occurrence of dry socket and promote soft tissue healing. However, the effect of PRF on bone healing requires further large-scale randomized controlled trials and unified measurement criteria.
Topics: Humans; Mandible; Molar, Third; Platelet-Rich Fibrin; Tooth Extraction; Tooth, Impacted
PubMed: 34636211
DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2021.05.017 -
International Journal of Oral and... Sep 2016The aim of this overview was to evaluate and compare the quality of systematic reviews, with or without meta-analysis, that have evaluated studies on techniques or... (Review)
Review
The aim of this overview was to evaluate and compare the quality of systematic reviews, with or without meta-analysis, that have evaluated studies on techniques or biomaterials used for the preservation of alveolar sockets post tooth extraction in humans. An electronic search was conducted without date restrictions using the Medline/PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases up to April 2015. Eligibility criteria included systematic reviews, with or without meta-analysis, focused on the preservation of post-extraction alveolar sockets in humans. Two independent authors assessed the quality of the included reviews using AMSTAR and the checklist proposed by Glenny et al. in 2003. After the selection process, 12 systematic reviews were included. None of these reviews obtained the maximum score using the quality assessment tools implemented, and the results of the analyses were highly variable. A significant statistical correlation was observed between the scores of the two checklists. A wide structural and methodological variability was observed between the systematic reviews published on the preservation of alveolar sockets post tooth extraction. None of the reviews evaluated obtained the maximum score using the two quality assessment tools implemented.
Topics: Biocompatible Materials; Checklist; Decision Making; Humans; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Postoperative Complications; Review Literature as Topic; Tooth Extraction; Tooth Socket
PubMed: 27061478
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2016.03.010 -
Oral Radiology 2018Extranodal lymphomas affecting the head and neck infrequently arise within the jaw bones. Although clinical examination and conventional radiography may initially...
OBJECTIVES
Extranodal lymphomas affecting the head and neck infrequently arise within the jaw bones. Although clinical examination and conventional radiography may initially suffice for such lesions arising within the mandible, those arising within the maxillary alveolus generally require cross-sectional imaging because of the complex anatomy of this region. This study was performed to determine the prevalence, demographic characteristics, and clinical presentations of these lesions and the imaging modalities used for their diagnosis.
STUDY DESIGN
A systematic review (SR) on case series and another SR on case reports were performed to investigate the demographic, clinical, and radiological features of extranodal lymphomas arising within the maxillary alveolus.
RESULTS
Most case series were derived from just four nations, whereas the case reports were derived from a wider range of ethnicities. The more detailed case reports significantly reported at least one imaging modality. Most patients were aware of their lesions for nearly 2 months before presentation. The most frequent symptom was swelling. Most case reports included a provisional diagnosis, the most frequent of which was dental infection followed by squamous cell carcinoma.
DISCUSSION
Extranodal lymphomas arising within the maxillary alveolus were sufficiently frequent in four communities to be reported in two or more case series, and the occasional single case report indicated that such lesions are more widespread globally. Although the SR on case series revealed differences in the relative period prevalence and maxillary/mandibular ratio, the SR on case reports revealed details of the clinical presentation and imaging modalities used.
PubMed: 30147235
DOI: 10.1007/s11282-017-0309-5 -
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Dec 2020Dry socket (alveolar osteitis) is one of the most common complications that occur after the extraction of permanent teeth. The aim of this review was to evaluate and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION
Dry socket (alveolar osteitis) is one of the most common complications that occur after the extraction of permanent teeth. The aim of this review was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of photobiomodulation (PBT) with other treatment methods on alveolar osteitis.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus and Cochrane's CENTRAL online databases were searched based on the search strategy. Also, the prominent laser journals and the references of relevant studies were hand searched for eligible studies and then the data were extracted from the retrieved studies were extracted using piloted custom forms. The data were combined and analyzed using inverse-variance random-effect meta-analysis.
RESULTS
For the treatment of dry socket, pain perception based on the VAS score, PBT on average has a 3.41 higher pain level reduction compared to alveogyl which seems to be both statistically and clinically significant. In addition, based on the GRADE score, the evidence seems to be of moderate quality. Also, in the individual studies which were included in this systematic review, PBT seems to be more effective than other methods (Salicept, zinc-oxide eugenol, ozone, and photodynamic therapy) in pain reduction of patients with alveolar osteitis.
CONCLUSIONS
PBT, in general, has a higher ability in decreasing pain levels for patients with alveolar osteitis (dry socket) compared to alveogyl. Therefore, PBT could be used as an appropriate method for treatment and controlling the signs of dry socket.
Topics: Dry Socket; Humans; Low-Level Light Therapy; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Tooth Extraction
PubMed: 32919077
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102000