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Survey of Ophthalmology 2023Congenital aniridia is a rare, panocular disorder with a main phenotypic characteristic of a partial or complete absence of the iris existing alongside other ocular...
Congenital aniridia is a rare, panocular disorder with a main phenotypic characteristic of a partial or complete absence of the iris existing alongside other ocular morbidities such as cataract, keratopathy, optic nerve and foveal hypoplasia, and nystagmus. The iris abnormality, however, often leads to symptoms such as photophobia, glare, and decreased visual acuity, as well as cosmetic dissatisfaction. Current management options for the iris deficit include colored iris contact lenses, corneal tattooing, and tinted contact lenses. Symptoms arising from small iris defects can be resolved with surgical management using micro-tying suture techniques such as McCannel or Siepser. Currently, larger iris defects can be treated with artificial iris implants. New prosthetic options range from colored intraocular lenses to flexible custom-made silicone iris implants. With a range of therapeutic options available and given the challenges of multiple comorbidities in aniridia, we evaluate the literature relating to the use of artificial iris implants in congenital aniridia, with a focus on the different surgical implantation techniques, the clinical outcomes achieved, complications occurred, and risk of bias of the studies included.
Topics: Humans; Visual Acuity; Aniridia; Iris; Lenses, Intraocular; Prosthesis Implantation; Vision Disorders
PubMed: 36379301
DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2022.11.001 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Aug 2022The aim of this paper is to evaluate the visual outcomes and patient satisfaction of small aperture IC-8 IOLs in cataract patients with or without prior ocular events. A... (Review)
Review
The aim of this paper is to evaluate the visual outcomes and patient satisfaction of small aperture IC-8 IOLs in cataract patients with or without prior ocular events. A systematic review of full-length original English studies reporting the visual results of small aperture IC-8 IOL implantation after cataract surgery in three databases, PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus, was performed according to the PRISMA statement. The Quality Assessment Tool for case series studies from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute was used to analyze the quality of the studies selected. The search provided 543 articles, of which 22 were included in this systematic review. Significant improvements in uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA); uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (UIVA); uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA); perception of photic phenomena; and patient satisfaction have been reported. Unilateral and bilateral small aperture IC-8 IOL implantation reduces photic phenomena and provides good vision for all distances with high patient satisfaction and minimal postoperative complications. Therefore, the implantation of this IOL may be recommended for patients with cataracts, corneal irregularities and ocular trauma with partial aniridia.
PubMed: 36012888
DOI: 10.3390/jcm11164654 -
Optometry and Vision Science : Official... Dec 2023Eye tracking is a promising method for objectively assessing functional visual capabilities, but its suitability remains unclear when assessing the vision of people with...
BACKGROUND
Eye tracking is a promising method for objectively assessing functional visual capabilities, but its suitability remains unclear when assessing the vision of people with vision impairment. In particular, accurate eye tracking typically relies on a stable and reliable image of the pupil and cornea, which may be compromised by abnormalities associated with vision impairment (e.g., nystagmus, aniridia).
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to establish the degree to which video-based eye tracking can be used to assess visual function in the presence of vision impairment.
DATA SOURCES
A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases, encompassing literature from inception to July 2022.
STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA, PARTICIPANTS, AND INTERVENTIONS
Studies included in the review used video-based eye tracking, included individuals with vision impairment, and used screen-based tasks unrelated to practiced skills such as reading or driving.
STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS
The included studies were assessed for quality using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology assessment tool. Data extraction and synthesis were performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.
RESULTS
Our analysis revealed that five common tests of visual function were used: (i) fixation stability, (ii) smooth pursuit, (iii) saccades, (iv) free viewing, and (v) visual search. The studies reported considerable success when testing individuals with vision impairment, yielding usable data from 96.5% of participants.
LIMITATIONS
There was an overrepresentation of conditions affecting the optic nerve or macula and an underrepresentation of conditions affecting the anterior segment or peripheral retina.
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS OF KEY FINDINGS
The results offer promise for the use of eye tracking to assess the visual function of a considerable proportion of those with vision impairment. Based on the findings, we outline a framework for how eye tracking can be used to test visual function in the presence of vision impairment.
Topics: Humans; Eye-Tracking Technology; Nystagmus, Pathologic; Retina; Pursuit, Smooth
PubMed: 38165789
DOI: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000002088