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BioMed Research International 2021It has been shown that miR-192 is abnormally expressed in a variety of cancer types and participates in different kinds of signaling pathways. The role of miR-192 in the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
It has been shown that miR-192 is abnormally expressed in a variety of cancer types and participates in different kinds of signaling pathways. The role of miR-192 in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer has not been verified. This article is aimed at exploring the diagnostic and prognostic value of miR-192 through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
A systematic search was performed through PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases up to June 16, 2020. A total of 16 studies were enrolled in the meta-analyses, of which 11 articles were used for diagnostic meta-analysis and 5 articles were used for prognostic meta-analysis. The values of sensitivity and specificity using miR-192 expression as a diagnostic tool were pooled in the diagnostic meta-analysis. The hazard ratios (HRs) of overall survival (OS) with 95 confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted from the studies, and pooled HRs were evaluated in the prognostic meta-analysis. Eleven studies including 667 cancer patients and 514 controls met the eligibility criteria for the diagnostic meta-analysis. Five studies including 166 patients with high miR-192 expression and 236 patients with low miR-192 expression met the eligibility criteria for the prognostic meta-analysis.
RESULTS
The overall diagnostic accuracy was as follows: sensitivity 0.79 (95%CI = 0.75-0.82), specificity 0.74 (95%CI = 0.64-0.82), positive likelihood ratio 3.03 (95%CI = 2.11-4.34), negative likelihood ratio 0.29 (95%CI = 0.23-0.37), diagnostic odds ratio 10.50 (95%CI = 5.89-18.73), and area under the curve ratio (AUC) 0.82 (95%CI = 0.78-0.85). The overall prognostic analysis showed that high expression of miR-192 in patients was associated with positive survival (HR = 0.62, 95%CI : 0.41-0.93, = 0.020).
CONCLUSION
Our results revealed that miR-192 was a potential biomarker with good sensitivity and specificity in cancers. Moreover, highly expressed miR-192 predicted a good prognosis for patients.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Female; Humans; Male; MicroRNAs; Neoplasms; Prognosis; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 33614788
DOI: 10.1155/2021/8851035 -
Journal of Psychiatric Research Jan 2023Currently, depression is diagnosed on the basis of neuropsychological examinations and clinical symptoms, and there is no objective diagnostic method. Several studies... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Currently, depression is diagnosed on the basis of neuropsychological examinations and clinical symptoms, and there is no objective diagnostic method. Several studies have explored the application of microRNAs as potential biomarkers diagnostic for depression. This study aims to determine the diagnostic value of microRNAs for depression.
METHODS
PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, the Web of Science, Wanfang Database, SINOMED, China Science and Technology Journal Databaseand China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched up to 11 January 2022. Stata (version 16.0) and RevMan (version 5.3) software were used for meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, pooled specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were calculated; the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was plotted, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. Moreover, meta-regression analyses were performed to determine the source of heterogeneity. Deeks' funnel plot test was used to assess publication bias.
RESULTS
In total, 677 patients were enrolled, including 364 patients with depression and 313 healthy controls. Meta-analysis results showed that the pooled sensitivity, specificity, and DOR of microRNAs for the diagnosis of depression were 0.82 [95% confidence intervals(CI): 0.76, 0.87], 0.70 (95% CI: 0.62, 0.77), and 11 (95% CI: 6, 20), respectively, and the AUC of the SROC was 0.84 (95% CI: 0.80, 0.87).
CONCLUSIONS
MicroRNAs have high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing depression and are potential diagnostic biomarkers for depression.
REGISTRATION NUMBER
PROSPERO CRD42022303616.
Topics: Humans; MicroRNAs; Depression; ROC Curve; Biomarkers; Area Under Curve; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 36463628
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.11.028 -
International Journal of Molecular... Apr 2024Adipose tissue is a multifunctional organ that regulates many physiological processes such as energy homeostasis, nutrition, the regulation of insulin sensitivity, body... (Review)
Review
Adipose tissue is a multifunctional organ that regulates many physiological processes such as energy homeostasis, nutrition, the regulation of insulin sensitivity, body temperature, and immune response. In this review, we highlight the relevance of the different mediators that control adipose tissue activity through a systematic review of the main players present in white and brown adipose tissues. Among them, inflammatory mediators secreted by the adipose tissue, such as classical adipokines and more recent ones, elements of the immune system infiltrated into the adipose tissue (certain cell types and interleukins), as well as the role of intestinal microbiota and derived metabolites, have been reviewed. Furthermore, anti-obesity mediators that promote the activation of beige adipose tissue, e.g., myokines, thyroid hormones, amino acids, and both long and micro RNAs, are exhaustively examined. Finally, we also analyze therapeutic strategies based on those mediators that have been described to date. In conclusion, novel regulators of obesity, such as microRNAs or microbiota, are being characterized and are promising tools to treat obesity in the future.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Obesity; Adipose Tissue; Adipokines; MicroRNAs; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Adipose Tissue, Brown; Adipose Tissue, White; Inflammation Mediators; Energy Metabolism
PubMed: 38731880
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094659 -
Acta Neurologica Scandinavica Oct 2022Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Stroke prevention, early diagnosis, and efficient acute treatment are priorities to successfully impact... (Review)
Review
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Stroke prevention, early diagnosis, and efficient acute treatment are priorities to successfully impact stroke death and disability. Fluid biomarkers may improve stroke differential diagnostic, patient stratification for acute treatment, and post-stroke individualized rehabilitation. In the present work, we characterized the use of stroke animal models in fluid biomarker research through a systematic review of PubMed and Scopus databases, followed by a literature review on the translation to the human stroke care setting and future perspectives in the field. We found increasing numbers of publications but with limited translation to the clinic. Animal studies are very heterogeneous, do not account for several human features present in stroke, and, importantly, only a minority of such studies used human cohorts to validate biomarker findings. Clinical studies have found appealing candidates, both protein and circulating nucleic acids, to contribute to a more personalized stroke care pathway. Still, brain tissue complexity and the fact that different brain pathologies share lesion biomarkers make this task challenging due to biomarker low specificity. Moreover, the study design and lack of validation cohorts may have precluded a formal integration of biomarkers in different steps of stroke diagnosis and treatment. To overcome such issues, recent pivotal studies on biomarker dynamics in individual patients are providing added value to diagnosis and anticipating patients' early prognosis. Presently, the most consistent protein biomarkers for stroke diagnosis and short- and long-term prognosis are associated with tissue damage at neuronal (TAU), axonal (NFL), or astroglial (GFAP and S100β) levels. Most promising nucleic acids are microRNAs (miR), due to their stability in plasma and ease of access. Still, clinical validation and standardized quantitation place them a step behind compared protein as stroke biomarkers. Ultimately, the definition of clinically relevant biomarker panels and optimization of fast and sensitive biomarker measurements in the blood, together with their combination with clinical and neuroimaging data, will pave the way toward personalized stroke care.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Cell-Free Nucleic Acids; Humans; MicroRNAs; Models, Animal; Stroke
PubMed: 35838031
DOI: 10.1111/ane.13668 -
Oncotarget Sep 2017Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are often dysregulated in cancer tissue and seem to play an important role in neoplastic processes. Recent studies have shown that the HOX...
INTRODUCTION
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are often dysregulated in cancer tissue and seem to play an important role in neoplastic processes. Recent studies have shown that the HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) may play a role as a marker of prognosis in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). The aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of studies focused on the prognostic role of HOTAIR in SCCHN.
RESULTS
At the end of the selection process, four studies were considered eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis, comprising a total of 271 patients. Meta-analysis revealed that high expression of HOTAIR was associated with poor overall survival (HR, 1.90; 95% CI: [1.42, 2.53]; < 0,0001), advanced tumor stage (OR, 3.44; 95% CI: [1.84, 6.43]; < 0,001) and lymph-node metastasis (OR, 3.31; 95% CI: [1.24, 8.79]; = 0,02).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The literature search was performed in the following databases: PUBMED, SCOPUS, EMBASE and Web of Science, in order to find studies that met the inclusion criteria.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings from this systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that HOTAIR represents a potential biomarker of prognosis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
PubMed: 29069846
DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20373 -
Pathology, Research and Practice Apr 2021MicroRNA (miRNA) is a form of short, single-stranded and non-coding RNA that is important in regulating the post-transcriptional modification of multiple downstream...
MicroRNA (miRNA) is a form of short, single-stranded and non-coding RNA that is important in regulating the post-transcriptional modification of multiple downstream targets. Many miRNAs have been reported to involve in controlling the progression of human diseases, and one of them is miR-638, which play essential roles in regulating the development of human cancer. By targeting the 3'-ends of its targets, miR-638 can regulate cellular processes including proliferation, invasion, metastases, angiogenesis, apoptosis and inflammation. This review was aimed to summarize current findings on the roles of miR-638 in different human cancers based on the results from various in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies. The biogenesis process and tissue expression, followed by the roles of miR-638 in regulating the development of various human cancers by targeting different downstream targets were covered in this review. The potential applications and challenges of employing miR-638 as cancer biomarker and therapeutic agent were also discussed.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers, Tumor; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; MicroRNAs; Neoplasms; Prognosis; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 33642053
DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153351 -
Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry :... 2015Recently, many studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNA) exhibit altered expression in various cancers and may serve as prognostic biomarkers. We performed a systematic... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Recently, many studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNA) exhibit altered expression in various cancers and may serve as prognostic biomarkers. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic role of miR-200c expression in different cancers.
METHODS
Studies were recruited by searching PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library (last search update was May 2014) and assessed by further quality evaluation.
RESULTS
A total of 25 studies dealing with various carcinomas were identified for systematic review. Among them, 18 studies were ultimately included in the meta-analysis. Our results indicated that the expression of tissue miR-200c was not associated with OS and PFS in various carcinomas; however, downregulation of tissue miR-200c did predict poor OS of patients with stage I disease (HR=0.41, 95% CI 0.25-0.68, P=0.001). Furthermore, overexpression of blood miR-200c was significantly related to poor OS and PFS (HR=3.07 95% CI 1.58-5.96 P=0.001, HR=2.26 95% CI 1.66-3.08 P<0.001, respectively), especially in patients with advanced disease.
CONCLUSION
This systematic review and meta-analysis clarified that low expression of miR-200c in primary tissue was significantly associated with poor survival in cancer patients at early stage, whereas a high level of blood miR-200c predicted poor prognosis in patients with advanced tumors.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Humans; MicroRNAs; Neoplasm Staging; Neoplasms; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; Prognosis; Survival Analysis
PubMed: 25766530
DOI: 10.1159/000373943 -
Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics 2023Early detection of pre-cancerous adenomas through screening can reduce colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence. Fecal immunochemical tests are commonly used, but have limited... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Progress in the field of noninvasive diagnostics for colorectal cancer: a systematic review for the accuracy of blood-based biomarkers for detection of advanced pre-cancerous lesions.
BACKGROUND
Early detection of pre-cancerous adenomas through screening can reduce colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence. Fecal immunochemical tests are commonly used, but have limited sensitivity for pre-cancerous lesions. Blood-based screening may improve test sensitivity. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of blood-based biomarkers for detection of advanced pre-cancerous lesions.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We present the accuracy of blood-based biomarkers for the detection of advanced pre-cancerous lesions. EMBASE, Web of Science and PubMed databases were searched, with study populations limited to adults diagnosed with advanced pre-cancerous lesions at colonoscopy, who had a blood-based biomarker test analyzed with reports of sensitivity and specificity.
RESULTS
69 studies were identified, which assessed 133 unique biomarkers sets. The best performing test was a panel of 6 miRNAs, with a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 90% for advanced pre-cancerous lesions. Only 6 biomarkers demonstrated sensitivity ≥ 50% and specificity ≥ 90% for the detection of advanced pre-cancerous lesions.
CONCLUSION
Many different blood-based biomarkers have been assessed for detection of advanced pre-cancerous lesions, but few have progressed beyond the discovery stage. While some biomarkers have reported high sensitivity and specificity, larger prospective studies in unbiased intended-use screening populations are required for validation.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Colorectal Neoplasms; Prospective Studies; Sensitivity and Specificity; MicroRNAs; Biomarkers, Tumor; Early Detection of Cancer; Feces
PubMed: 38044883
DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2290646 -
Gynecologic Oncology Dec 2005This review will discuss the discovery and development of RNA interference (RNAi) technology, small interfering RNA (siRNA) design and delivery, and the implications of... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
This review will discuss the discovery and development of RNA interference (RNAi) technology, small interfering RNA (siRNA) design and delivery, and the implications of RNAi on gynecologic cancers.
METHODS
Systematic review of English language literature using searches for RNAi and gynecologic cancers in established databases, including Pubmed and Ovid, was employed.
RESULTS
The high degrees of efficiency and specificity are the main advantages of RNAi. Consequently, RNAi is used in functional genomics and developing therapies for the treatment of viral infection, dominant disorders, neurological disorders, and cancers, including gynecologic cancers.
CONCLUSION
RNAi represents an exciting technology for functional genomics by selective targeting of genes. While issues regarding delivery remain, the therapeutic advantages of siRNA in cancer treatment warrant further investigation.
Topics: Animals; Female; Genetic Therapy; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Humans; RNA Interference; RNA, Small Interfering
PubMed: 16194565
DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2005.08.031 -
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment Aug 2022Accumulating evidence has shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are promising biomarkers of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) response in breast cancer (BC). However, their... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
Accumulating evidence has shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are promising biomarkers of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) response in breast cancer (BC). However, their predictive roles remain controversial. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to describe the role of miRNA expression in NAC response and prognosis in BC to increase statistical power and improve translation.
METHODS
A systematic review of electronic databases for relevant studies was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Data were extracted, collated, and combined by odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to estimate the strength of the associations.
RESULTS
Of the 560 articles screened, 59 studies were included in our systematic review, and 5 studies were included in the subsequent meta-analysis. Sixty of 123 miRNAs were found to be related with NAC response and an elevated baseline miR-7 level in tissues was associated with a higher pathological complete response rate (OR 5.63; 95% CI 2.15-14.79; P = 0.0004). The prognostic value of 39 miRNAs was also studied. Of them, 26 miRNAs were found to be associated with survival. Pooled HRs indicated that patients with increased levels of serum miR-21 from baseline to the end of the second NAC cycle and from baseline to the end of NAC had a worse disease-free survival than those with decreased levels.
CONCLUSION
Our results highlight that a large number of miRNAs have possible associations with NAC response and prognosis in BC patients. Further well-designed studies are needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying these associations.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; MicroRNAs; Neoadjuvant Therapy; Prognosis
PubMed: 35727379
DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06642-z