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The British Journal of Dermatology Mar 2023Evidence suggests an association between atopic eczema (AE) or psoriasis and mental illness; however, the factors associated with mental illness are unclear. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Evidence suggests an association between atopic eczema (AE) or psoriasis and mental illness; however, the factors associated with mental illness are unclear.
OBJECTIVES
To synthesize and evaluate all available evidence on factors associated with depression, anxiety and severe mental illness (SMI) among adults with AE or psoriasis.
METHODS
We searched electronic databases, grey literature databases and clinical trial registries from inception to February 2022 for studies of adults with AE or psoriasis. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort, cross-sectional or case-control studies where effect estimates of factors associated with depression, anxiety or SMI were reported. We did not apply language or geographical restrictions. We assessed risk of bias using the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. We synthesized results narratively, and if at least two studies were sufficiently homogeneous, we pooled effect estimates in a random effects meta-analysis.
RESULTS
We included 21 studies (11 observational, 10 RCTs). No observational studies in AE fulfilled our eligibility criteria. Observational studies in people with psoriasis mostly investigated factors associated with depression or anxiety - one cross-sectional study investigated factors associated with schizophrenia. Pooled effect estimates suggest that female sex and psoriatic arthritis were associated with depression [female sex: odds ratio (OR) 1.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09-2.40, 95% prediction intervals (PIs) 0.62-4.23, I2 = 24.90%, τ2 = 0.05; psoriatic arthritis: OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.56-3.25, 95% PI 0.21-24.23, I2 = 0.00%, τ2 = 0.00] and anxiety (female sex: OR 2.59, 95% CI 1.32-5.07, 95% PI 0.00-3956.27, I2 = 61.90%, τ2 = 0.22; psoriatic arthritis: OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.33-2.94, I2 = 0.00%, τ2 = 0.00). Moderate/severe psoriasis was associated with anxiety (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.05-1.25, I2 0.00%, τ2 = 0.00), but not depression. Evidence from RCTs suggested that adults with AE or psoriasis given placebo had higher depression and anxiety scores compared with comparators given targeted treatment (e.g. biologic agents).
CONCLUSIONS
Our review highlights limited existing research on factors associated with depression, anxiety and SMI in adults with AE or psoriasis. Observational evidence on factors associated with depression or anxiety in people with psoriasis was conflicting or from single studies, but some identified factors were consistent with those in the general population. Evidence on factors associated with SMIs in people with AE or psoriasis was particularly limited. Evidence from RCTs suggested that AE and psoriasis treated with placebo was associated with higher depression and anxiety scores compared with skin disease treated with targeted therapy; however, follow-up was limited. Therefore, long-term effects on mental health are unclear.
Topics: Female; Humans; Adult; Dermatitis, Atopic; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Psoriasis; Anxiety; Mental Disorders
PubMed: 36745557
DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljac132 -
Journal of School Psychology Jun 2023This study sought to systematically review the full body of research on test anxiety in primary (elementary) school children aged 5-12 years. A comprehensive electronic... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
This study sought to systematically review the full body of research on test anxiety in primary (elementary) school children aged 5-12 years. A comprehensive electronic and manual literature search identified 76 studies (85 independent samples; N = 53,617 children) that satisfied inclusion criteria. Inverse-variance weighted random effects meta-analysis showed that test anxiety related negatively to academic achievement in Mathematics (r = 0.21) and Literacy (r = -0.20), academic self-concept (r = -0.41), and self-efficacy (r = -0.39), and related positively to general anxiety (r = 0.62), social anxiety (r = 0.57), and depression (r = 0.45). Test anxiety was higher among girls than boys (d = 0.21) and in Asian samples compared to European and North American samples. There was some evidence of publication bias and heterogeneity across meta-analyses. Random effects meta-regression models further showed that the association between test anxiety and mathematics achievement was stronger among older children compared to younger children, and that gender differences in test anxiety scores were more prevalent in North American samples compared to Asian samples. Intervention studies targeting anxiety reduction have been successful in reducing test anxiety and improving test anxiety-related outcomes. Overall, findings from this systematic review and meta-analysis provide evidence that test anxiety varies in magnitude across populations and relates to multiple educational and psychosocial outcomes. We recommend further experimental studies that target the reduction of test anxiety among primary school children.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Child; Adolescent; Test Anxiety; Educational Status; Schools; Achievement; Anxiety
PubMed: 37253582
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsp.2023.02.003 -
Advances in Skin & Wound Care Aug 2021To synthesize the available evidence on the prevalence and odds for anxiety and depression in adults with pyoderma gangrenosum (PG).
OBJECTIVE
To synthesize the available evidence on the prevalence and odds for anxiety and depression in adults with pyoderma gangrenosum (PG).
DATA SOURCES
Observational studies examining anxiety and depression in adults with PG were systematically searched using the MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases from the inception of each database to March 11, 2020.
STUDY SELECTION
Two authors independently screened references based on predetermined eligibility criteria.
DATA EXTRACTION
Of the 244 articles identified, three met the eligibility criteria. Relevant data were extracted from included studies, and methodological quality was evaluated independently by two authors using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
DATA SYNTHESIS
Three observational studies comprising 183 participants with PG met the inclusion criteria. Estimated rates of depression in adults with PG ranged from 10% to 23%. None of the studies measured rates of anxiety.
CONCLUSIONS
The current systematic review suggests that depression is a common psychological comorbidity in adults with PG. Additional research is required to further assess the psychological comorbidities in this population.
Topics: Anxiety; Depression; Humans; Pyoderma Gangrenosum; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34260421
DOI: 10.1097/01.ASW.0000755920.76330.21 -
Journal of Clinical Psychology Oct 2016Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, affecting the motor system with psychological difficulties also frequently reported. While explanations for... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, affecting the motor system with psychological difficulties also frequently reported. While explanations for psychological difficulties are historically situated within a biomedical framework, more recently the relevance of psychological determinants has become a research focus. This review therefore examines this relationship with the two most commonly reported psychological difficulties (anxiety and depression) in people with PD.
METHOD
Databases were systematically searched up to December 17, 2013, identifying 24 studies meeting inclusion criteria.
RESULTS
Significant predictors of heightened anxiety and depression included increased emotion-focused coping; less problem-focused coping; lower perceived control; more dominant beliefs about PD as part of a person's identity and influence on life; less social support and more avoidant personality types.
CONCLUSIONS
Relationships between some specific psychological predictors and depression and anxiety seem well supported. The complexity of relationships between these psychological determinants should be taken into consideration when delivering psychological interventions.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Anxiety; Depression; Humans; Internal-External Control; Parkinson Disease; Personality; Social Support
PubMed: 27062284
DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22308 -
Journal of Psychosomatic Research Nov 2022Due to the existence of inconsistencies in the evidence regarding the direction and extent of association between diabetes and anxiety disorders, the anxiety-diabetes... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Due to the existence of inconsistencies in the evidence regarding the direction and extent of association between diabetes and anxiety disorders, the anxiety-diabetes comorbidity remains an issue of debate.
AIM
To estimate the proportion and risk of diabetes among individuals with anxiety disorder and vice versa.
METHODS
A systematic review was conducted using studies retrieved from databases and grey literature, with the last database search being conducted on April 15, 2021. The methodological rigor of studies was assessed using the National Institute of Health quality assessment tool. Prevalence and effect size (ES) estimates were pooled using a random effect model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Higgins' I statistical test, and subgroup analysis conducted.
RESULTS
We included 68 studies presenting data from 2,128,029 participants. The prevalence of anxiety disorders in diabetic patients was 28% (95% CI: 26%, 31%); however, subgroup analysis showed significant differences based on type of anxiety assessment scales, study location, and type of diabetes. The prevalence of diabetes among patients with anxiety disorders was 12% (95% CI: 9%, 16%). Patients with anxiety disorders were found to have a 19% higher risk of diabetes (pooled effect size (ES) = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.26). Diabetic patients were found to have a 41% higher risk of developing anxiety disorders (ES = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.19, 1.62).
CONCLUSIONS
There is a higher risk of anxiety disorders in patients with diabetes mellitus and vice versa. It is recommended to screen diabetic patients for anxiety at initial diagnosis and follow-up visits. Similarly, patients with anxiety disorders should have regular screening for diabetes.
REVIEW REGISTRATION
PROSPERO registration number CRD42021252475.
Topics: Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Comorbidity; Diabetes Mellitus; Humans; Prevalence
PubMed: 36081182
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.110991 -
International Journal of Stroke :... Oct 2013Negative psychological outcomes occur frequently after stroke; however, there is uncertainty regarding the occurrence of anxiety disorders and anxiety symptoms after... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Negative psychological outcomes occur frequently after stroke; however, there is uncertainty regarding the occurrence of anxiety disorders and anxiety symptoms after stroke. A systematic review of observational studies was conducted that assessed the frequency of anxiety in stroke patients using a diagnostic or screening tool.
SUMMARY OF REVIEW
Databases were searched up to March 2011. A random effects model was used to summarize the pooled estimate. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using the I(2) statistic. Forty-four published studies comprising 5760 stroke patients were included. The overall pooled estimate of anxiety disorders assessed by clinical interview was 18% (95%confidence interval 8-29%, I(2) = 97%) and was 25% (95% confidence interval 21-28%, I(2) = 90%) for anxiety assessed by rating scale. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety subscale 'probable' and 'possible' cutoff scores were the most widely used assessment criteria. The combined rate of anxiety by time after stroke was: 20% (95% confidence interval 13-27%, I(2) = 96%) within one-month of stroke; 23% (95% confidence interval 19-27%, I(2) = 84%) one to five-months after stroke; and 24% (95% confidence interval 19-29%, I(2) = 89%) six-months or more after stroke.
CONCLUSION
Anxiety after stroke occurs frequently although methodological limitations in the primary studies may limit generalizability. Given the association between prevalence rates and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety cutoff used in studies, reported rates could in fact underrepresent the extent of the problem. Additionally, risk factors for anxiety, its impact on patient outcomes, and effects in tangent with depression remain unclear.
Topics: Anxiety; Humans; Observational Studies as Topic; Stroke
PubMed: 23013268
DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-4949.2012.00906.x -
Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B Dec 2023Anxiety and depression are common in adolescents with epilepsy. Identifying psychosocial risk factors for anxiety and depression is essential for adolescents with... (Review)
Review
Anxiety and depression are common in adolescents with epilepsy. Identifying psychosocial risk factors for anxiety and depression is essential for adolescents with epilepsy to receive appropriate support. This systematic review synthesised findings of studies examining the relationship between psychosocial factors and anxiety and/or depression in adolescents with epilepsy. Outcomes were anxiety, depression, and mixed anxiety & depression. Six electronic databases were searched for studies which: used cross-sectional or prospective designs; quantitatively evaluated the relationship between psychosocial factors and anxiety and/or depression; presented results for adolescents with epilepsy aged 9-18 years; and used validated measures of anxiety and/or depression. Psychosocial factors were categorised as intrapersonal, interpersonal, or parent-specific factors. Sixteen studies (23 articles) were included. All but one were cross-sectional. Regarding intrapersonal factors, alternative mental health difficulties were consistently positively associated with all three outcomes. Negative attitude towards epilepsy, lower seizure self-efficacy, lower self-esteem and stigma were consistently positively associated with depression. Interpersonal factors (i.e., lower family functioning assessed from an adolescent's perspective) and parent-specific factors (i.e., parental stigma, stress, anxiety and psychopathology) were positively associated with at least one outcome. Adolescent epilepsy management should exceed assessment of biological/biomedical factors and incorporate assessment of psychosocial risk factors. Prospective studies examining the interplay between biological/biomedical factors and the psychosocial factors underpinning anxiety and depression in adolescents with epilepsy are needed.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Depression; Prospective Studies; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Epilepsy
PubMed: 38006843
DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109522 -
Depression and Anxiety Jun 2017Smartphones and mobile devices have become ubiquitous, and with the rapid advance of technology, the number of health applications (apps) that are available for... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Smartphones and mobile devices have become ubiquitous, and with the rapid advance of technology, the number of health applications (apps) that are available for consumers on these devices is constantly growing. In particular, there has been a recent proliferation of anxiety apps. However, there has been no review of the quality or content of these anxiety apps and little is known about their purpose, the features they contain, and their empirical support. The goal of this systematic review was to assess the commercially available anxiety apps.
METHODS
A list of anxiety apps was collected in January 2017, using the Power Search function of iTunes and Google Play. Of 5,078 identified apps, 52 met our inclusion criteria (i.e., being defined as an anxiety/worry relief app, and offering psychological techniques aimed primarily at reducing anxiety) and were further reviewed.
RESULTS
The majority (67.3%) of the currently available anxiety apps were found to lack the involvement of health care professionals in their development, and very few (3.8%) of them have been rigorously tested.
CONCLUSIONS
At the moment, although anxiety apps have the potential to enhance access to mental health care, there is a marked discrepancy between the wealth of commercially available apps, and the paucity of data regarding their efficacy and effectiveness. Although the great promise of apps is their ability to increasing access to evidence-based mental health, the field is not quite there yet and the full potential of apps for treating anxiety has yet to be exploited.
Topics: Anxiety; Humans; Mobile Applications
PubMed: 28504859
DOI: 10.1002/da.22654 -
Respiratory Medicine 2023Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) cause fibrosis of lung parenchyma, leading to impaired quality of life, dyspnea, and functional decline. Individuals with ILD... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) cause fibrosis of lung parenchyma, leading to impaired quality of life, dyspnea, and functional decline. Individuals with ILD experience a high prevalence of anxiety and depression. Recent research has demonstrated pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) alleviates symptoms of anxiety and depression in those with COPD.
RESEARCH QUESTION
What is the influence of PR on symptoms of anxiety and depression in individuals with ILD?
STUDY DESIGN
We conducted a PRISMA-2020-compliant systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating PR's effect on anxiety and depression in patients with ILD. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, and PsycINFO from inception until April 3, 2023. A narrative synthesis was conducted where a quantitative approach was not feasible.
RESULTS
Five RCTs (n = 281) were included. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) was the most common type of ILD (k = 3). One study reported clinically-significant improvements in symptoms of anxiety among patients with IPF, and two studies for symptoms of depression among patients with sarcoidosis. Dropout rates were similar between intervention and control groups. All studies were at a high risk of bias.
INTERPRETATION
Pulmonary rehabilitation is not detrimental to anxiety or depression for patients with ILD, and may improve symptoms of anxiety in IPF and depression in sarcoidosis. However, no conclusion can be drawn from available evidence, which is limited by heterogeneous populations/interventions, sample sizes and unexpectedly low prevalences of clinically-significant anxiety or depression. Further adequately powered RCTs that focus on anxiety and depressive symptoms as primary outcomes are needed.
Topics: Humans; Depression; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Anxiety; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis; Sarcoidosis; Quality of Life
PubMed: 37863339
DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107433 -
Journal of Affective Disorders Feb 2023Perinatal anxiety is among the most common mental health conditions that have a huge negative impact both on mothers and their children. This study aimed to establish... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Perinatal anxiety is among the most common mental health conditions that have a huge negative impact both on mothers and their children. This study aimed to establish summary estimates of the prevalence of perinatal anxiety and its influencing factors in Mainland China.
METHODS
A systematic search was carried out from nine major English and Chinese electronic databases to identify studies published up to August 20, 2022 with data on the prevalence of perinatal anxiety. Two reviewers conducted data extraction and quality assessment. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed when possible.
RESULTS
271 studies representing 369,477 women were included in the study. Pooled prevalence of perinatal anxiety was 17.4 % (95 % CI: 16.2 % to 18.7 %), with prenatal anxiety 17.4 % (95%CI: 16.1 % to 18.8 %) and postpartum anxiety 17.5 % (95%CI: 13.5 % to 22.4 %). However, the overall estimates presented substantial heterogeneity (I = 98.93 %). Qualitative summaries demonstrated some main potential risk factors of perinatal anxiety such as women with abnormal pregnancy-labor history, poor health status, pregnancy complications, and unplanned pregnancies, and some potential protective factors such as high family income, good social support, good interpersonal relationships, and history of multiple deliveries.
LIMITATION
Very large heterogeneity among studies was observed in meta-synthesis, and all included studies used self-report scales to identify anxiety rather than diagnostic interviews.
CONCLUSION
Varying degrees of perinatal anxiety is prevalent among Chinese women. Screening and evidence-based interventions are urgent and necessary to address this public concern and promote their health and well-being.
Topics: Pregnancy; Child; Female; Humans; Prevalence; Parturition; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy Complications
PubMed: 36442655
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.075