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Journal of Anxiety Disorders Dec 2020The aim of this study was to assess the available evidence on potential moderators of psychological and psychoeducational interventions for the prevention of anxiety. A... (Review)
Review
The aim of this study was to assess the available evidence on potential moderators of psychological and psychoeducational interventions for the prevention of anxiety. A systematic review using PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Embase, OpenGrey, and CENTRAL was performed up to October 2019. Two independent researchers assessed the fulfillment of eligibility criteria, extracted the data and performed a quality assessment of the included studies. Outcomes were moderators of the reduction of anxious symptoms or the incidence of anxiety disorders. Fourteen studies reporting results on moderator analyses performed in 13 randomized controlled trials were included. Twenty-seven potential moderators were organized into six categories: sociodemographic, clinical characteristics, cognitive variables, life events, interpersonal functioning and intervention characteristics. The most frequently examined variables were gender, age and baseline anxiety. We found insufficient evidence for all moderator categories studied. In children and adolescents, we found some studies with significant results for the low family support variable and higher levels of anxiety symptoms at baseline, which were both associated with higher effectiveness. Limited conclusions can be drawn about for whom and under what conditions interventions work in the prevention of anxiety. A strong need to improve the methodological quality and the number of moderator studies was identified.
Topics: Adolescent; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Child; Humans
PubMed: 33096463
DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102317 -
Epilepsia May 2021Absence seizures (AS), presenting as short losses of consciousness with staring spells, are a common manifestation of childhood epilepsy that is associated with... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Absence seizures (AS), presenting as short losses of consciousness with staring spells, are a common manifestation of childhood epilepsy that is associated with behavioral, emotional, and social impairments. It has also been suggested that patients with AS are more likely to suffer from mood disorders such as depression and anxiety. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizes human and animal models that investigated mood disorders and AS. Of the 1019 scientific publications identified, 35 articles met the inclusion criteria for this review. We found that patients with AS had greater odds of developing depression and anxiety when compared to controls (odds ratio = 4.93, 95% confidence interval = 2.91-8.35, p < .01). The included studies further suggest a strong correlation between AS and depression and anxiety in the form of a bidirectional relationship. The current literature emphasizes that these conditions likely share underlying mechanisms, such as genetic predisposition, neurophysiology, and anatomical pathways. Further research will clarify this relationship and ensure more effective treatment for AS and mood disorders.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Depression; Epilepsy, Absence; Humans; Seizures
PubMed: 33751566
DOI: 10.1111/epi.16862 -
Journal of Advanced Nursing Oct 2023To evaluate the impact of a virtual reality (VR) intervention on adult patients' preoperative anxiety, heart rate, respiration rate and blood pressure. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
AIM
To evaluate the impact of a virtual reality (VR) intervention on adult patients' preoperative anxiety, heart rate, respiration rate and blood pressure.
DESIGN
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
DATA SOURCES
A librarian-designed search of the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, CBM, CNKI and Wanfang databases was conducted to identify research studies in English or Chinese on RCTs from their inception to 31 May 2022. Detailed search strategies and the checklist are provieded in Supplementary files S1 and S2.
REVIEW METHODS
Two researchers independently screened eligible studies. The Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. A fixed- or random-effects meta-analysis model was used to determine the pooled mean difference based on the results of the heterogeneity test.
RESULTS
This study included 11 articles with a total of 892 participants. VR distraction comprised five studies, and VR exposure consisted of six studies. The results indicated that VR could reduce preoperative anxiety in adult patients and VR exposure seems to be more effective. The results also indicated that VR intervention can effectively reduce patients' heart rate and blood pressure compared to traditional intervention methods, but had no significant effect on respiration rate.
CONCLUSION
VR technology could relieve preoperative anxiety in adult patients through distraction or exposure. More well-designed RCTs containing a wider range of surgical types are needed to verify our findings before we can make strong recommendations.
IMPACT
Our systematic review and meta-analysis show a positive effect of VR distraction and exposure interventions in reducing preoperative anxiety in adult patients. We suggest incorporating VR into preoperative procedures as an auxiliary way to reduce negative emotions in eligible patients.
NO PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION
Our paper is a systematic review and meta-analysis and such details do not apply to our work.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Virtual Reality
PubMed: 37350039
DOI: 10.1111/jan.15743 -
Medicine Sep 2023Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) has been suggested as an effective mind-body approach for relieving stress in patients with chronic diseases. As of yet, there... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) has been suggested as an effective mind-body approach for relieving stress in patients with chronic diseases. As of yet, there is no conclusive research on MBSR's role in reducing affective disorders among cancer patients. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine whether MBSR has an impact on loneliness, anxiety, and depression in cancer patients.
METHODS
Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from the start of these databases to January 2nd, 2022 to identify relevant randomized controlled trials. Two authors independently conducted the literature search, collected the data, and performed the statistical analysis. In order to account for potential between-study heterogeneity, a random-effect model was used in the meta-analysis.
RESULTS
The meta-analysis included 16 studies with 2072 cancer patients. Among the 16 studies, 13 included patients with breast cancer, and the follow-up duration ranged from 6 to 53 weeks. Compared to controls receiving standard cancer care, interventions of MBSR with sessions for 6 to 8 weeks significantly improved loneliness (standard mean difference [SMD]: -0.35, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.59 to -0.12, P = .003, I2 = 46%), anxiety (SMD: -0.51, 95% CI: -0.73 to -0.30, P < .001, I2 = 77%), and depression (SMD: -0.61, 95% CI: -1.02 to -0.20, P = .004, I2 = 94%) in patients with cancer.
CONCLUSION
According to recent research, MBSR may be beneficial to patients diagnosed with cancer who are feeling lonely, anxious, or depressed.
Topics: Humans; Female; Loneliness; Depression; Mindfulness; Anxiety; Breast Neoplasms
PubMed: 37713902
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000034917 -
The Clinical Journal of Pain 2012Anxiety and pain catastrophizing predict acute postoperative pain. However, it is not well established whether they also predict chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP). The... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVES
Anxiety and pain catastrophizing predict acute postoperative pain. However, it is not well established whether they also predict chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate whether high levels of preoperative anxiety or pain catastrophizing are associated with an increased risk of CPSP.
METHODS
Electronic search databases included PubMed and PsychINFO. Additional literature was obtained by reference tracking and expert consultation. Studies from 1958 until October 2010, investigating the association between preoperative anxiety or pain catastrophizing and CPSP in adult surgery patients, were assessed. The primary outcome was the presence of pain at least 3 months postoperatively.
RESULTS
Twenty-nine studies were included; 14 instruments were used to assess anxiety or pain catastrophizing. Sixteen studies (55%) reported a statistically significant association between anxiety or pain catastrophizing and CPSP. The proportion of studies reporting a statistically significant association was 67% for studies of musculoskeletal surgery and 36% for other types of surgery. There was no association with study quality, but larger studies were more likely to report a statistically significant relationship. The overall pooled odds ratio, on the basis of 15 studies, ranged from 1.55 (95% confidence interval, 1.10-2.20) to 2.10 (95% confidence interval, 1.49-2.95). Pain catastrophizing might be of higher predictive utility compared with general anxiety or more specific pain-related anxiety.
DISCUSSION
There is evidence that anxiety and catastrophizing play a role in the development of CPSP. We recommend that anxiety measures should be incorporated in future studies investigating the prediction and transition from acute to chronic postoperative pain.
Topics: Anxiety; Catastrophization; Databases, Bibliographic; Female; Humans; Male; Pain Measurement; Pain, Postoperative
PubMed: 22760489
DOI: 10.1097/AJP.0b013e31824549d6 -
CNS & Neurological Disorders Drug... Feb 2014Pathologic anxiety is a disproportional reaction of individuals to anticipation or misinterpretation of a potential danger, which affects individual social and personal... (Review)
Review
Pathologic anxiety is a disproportional reaction of individuals to anticipation or misinterpretation of a potential danger, which affects individual social and personal life. Despite the advances already accomplished, further studies are still necessary in order to understand the mechanisms involved in anxiety. These may provide more effective and safer treatments to aid in the control of anxiety and improve patient quality of life. In this work, we review the current issue about anxiety disorders, covering general aspects such as basic epidemiology and classification, an overview of the pharmacological treatments employed and the current search for natural anxiolytics. Also, a compilation of data investigating the neurobiology that underlies anxiety disorders and a brief discussion evolving the most usual animal experimental models to study anxiety is presented.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Neurobiology; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal
PubMed: 24040796
DOI: 10.2174/18715273113129990102 -
Scientific Reports Nov 2023Psychosocial and behavioral interventions have been shown to significantly reduce depressive and anxiety symptoms in different populations. Recent evidence suggests that... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Psychosocial and behavioral interventions have been shown to significantly reduce depressive and anxiety symptoms in different populations. Recent evidence suggests that the mental health of the general population has deteriorated significantly since the start of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on the therapeutic effects of psychosocial and behavioral interventions on depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. We systematically searched six electronic databases between December 2019 and February 2022 including PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang Data. We included randomized clinical trials of psychosocial and behavioral interventions in individuals with depressive or anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 outbreak compared to various control conditions. A total of 35 eligible studies with 5457 participants were included. The meta-analysis results showed that psychosocial and behavioral interventions had statistically significant moderate effects on depression [SMD = - 0.73, 95% CI (- 1.01, - 0.45), I = 90%] and large effects on anxiety [SMD = - 0.90, 95% CI (- 1.19, - 0.60), I = 92%], especially in the general population and COVID-19 survivors. Exercise and cognitive behavioral therapy were found to be the most effective treatments with moderate-to-large effect size for depression and anxiety during the outbreak of COVID-19. We also found the internet-based approach could also achieve almost equally significant effects on depression and anxiety compared with face-to-face traditional approach. Our findings suggest that cognitive behavioral therapy and physical exercise intervention are significantly effective for depression and anxiety related to the COVID-19 pandemic regardless of the delivery modes, and gender differences should be taken into consideration for better implementation of interventions in clinical and community practice.
Topics: Humans; Pandemics; COVID-19; Anxiety; Behavior Therapy; Anxiety Disorders; Depression
PubMed: 37925535
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45839-0 -
Age and Ageing Mar 2016osteoarthritis is a leading cause of disability. This systematic review aimed to establish the prevalence of depressive symptoms and anxiety among people with... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
osteoarthritis is a leading cause of disability. This systematic review aimed to establish the prevalence of depressive symptoms and anxiety among people with osteoarthritis in comparison to those without osteoarthritis.
METHOD
we systematically reviewed databases including AMED, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, BNI, CINAHL and the Cochrane database library from their inception to January 2015. Studies presenting data on depressive symptoms and anxiety in people with osteoarthritis were included. A random- and fixed-effect meta-analysis was conducted on all eligible data.
RESULTS
a total of 49 studies were included, representing 15,855 individuals (59% women; mean age 65.2 years). The evidence base was moderate in quality. The pooled prevalence of depressive symptoms in osteoarthritis was 19.9% (95% confidence intervals (CI): 15.9-24.5%, n = 10,811). The corresponding pooled prevalence was 21.3% (95% CI: 15.5-28.5%; n = 1,226) for anxiety symptoms. The relative risk of depression among people with osteoarthritis was 1.17 (95% CI 0.69-2.00, three studies, n = 941) compared with people without osteoarthritis. The relative risk of anxiety was 1.35 (95% CI: 0.51-3.59; three studies, n = 733) compared with those without osteoarthritis.
CONCLUSION
one-fifth of people with osteoarthritis experience symptoms of depression and anxiety. However, it is uncertain whether this is increased compared with those without osteoarthritis, with no direct evidence to support an increase in anxiety and depression in osteoarthritis.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER
CRD42013006733.
Topics: Aged; Anxiety; Depression; Female; Humans; Male; Odds Ratio; Osteoarthritis; Prevalence; Risk Factors
PubMed: 26795974
DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afw001 -
The American Journal of Gastroenterology Dec 2018Addressing procedure-related anxiety should improve adherence to colorectal cancer screening programs and diagnostic colonoscopy. We performed a systematic review to...
OBJECTIVES
Addressing procedure-related anxiety should improve adherence to colorectal cancer screening programs and diagnostic colonoscopy. We performed a systematic review to assess anxiety among individuals undergoing colonoscopy or flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS).
METHODS
We searched multiple electronic databases for studies evaluating anxiety associated with colonoscopy or FS published from 2005 to 2017. Two reviewers independently identified studies, extracted data, and assessed study quality. The main outcomes were the magnitude of pre-procedure anxiety, types of concerns, predictors of anxiety, and effectiveness of anxiety-lowering interventions in individuals undergoing lower endoscopy. The protocol was prospectively registered in PROSPERO.
RESULTS
Fifty-eight studies (24,490 patients) met the inclusion criteria. Patients undergoing colonoscopy had a higher mean level of anxiety than that previously reported in the general population, with some studies reporting more than 50% of patients having moderate-to-severe anxiety. Areas of anxiety-related concern included bowel preparation, difficulties with the procedure (embarrassment, pain, possible complications, and sedation), and concerns about diagnosis; including fear of being diagnosed with cancer. Female gender, higher baseline anxiety, functional abdominal pain, lower education, and lower income were associated with greater anxiety prior to colonoscopy. Providing higher-quality information before colonoscopy, particularly with a video, shows promise as a way of reducing pre-procedure anxiety but the studies to date are of low quality.
CONCLUSIONS
A large proportion of patients undergoing colonoscopy report anxiety before the procedure. Improvement in pre-procedure information delivery and evaluation of approaches to reduce anxiety is required, especially for those with predictors of pre-procedure anxiety.
Topics: Anxiety; Colonoscopy; Colorectal Neoplasms; Early Detection of Cancer; Humans; Patient Education as Topic; Preoperative Period; Prevalence; Severity of Illness Index; Sigmoidoscopy
PubMed: 30385831
DOI: 10.1038/s41395-018-0398-8 -
Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland) Apr 2022Psychoeducation has emerged as an intervention for women with breast cancer (BC). This meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of psychoeducation on adherence to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Psychoeducation has emerged as an intervention for women with breast cancer (BC). This meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of psychoeducation on adherence to diagnostic procedures and medical treatment, anxiety, depression, quality of life (QoL), and BC knowledge among patients with BC symptoms or diagnosis and BC survivors.
METHODS
A systematic literature search (in PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and Cochrane) for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effects of psychoeducation to control among patients with BC symptoms or diagnosis and BC survivors. Effects were expressed as relative risks (RRs) and standardized mean differences (SMDs) with their 95% confidence intervals.
RESULTS
Twenty-seven RCTs (7742 participants; 3880 psychoeducation and 3862 controls) were included. Compared with controls, psychoeducation had no significant effect on adherence to diagnostic procedures and medical treatment (RR 1.553; 95% CI 0.733 to 3.290, p = .16), but it significantly decreased anxiety (SMD -0.710, 95% CI -1.395 to -0.027, p = .04) and improved QoL with (SMD 0.509; 95% CI 0.096 to 0.923, p < .01). No effects were found for psychoeducation on depression (SMD -0.243, 95% CI -0.580 to 0.091, p = .14), or BC knowledge (SMD 0.718, 95% CI -0.800 to 2.236, p = .23).
CONCLUSION
We demonstrated that psychoeducation did not improve adherence to diagnostic procedures and treatment, depression and BC knowledge but was valuable for reducing anxiety and improving QoL. Future studies may explore the effectiveness of psychoeducation in promoting adherence across various types of cancer.
Topics: Anxiety; Breast Neoplasms; Depression; Female; Humans; Quality of Life; Survivors
PubMed: 35121502
DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2022.01.005