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Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver... Jun 2021Functional dyspepsia (FD) symptoms may lead to depression or anxiety in affected individuals and vice versa. These individuals often have more serious somatic symptoms,...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Functional dyspepsia (FD) symptoms may lead to depression or anxiety in affected individuals and vice versa. These individuals often have more serious somatic symptoms, longer disease recovery time, and tend to consume more medical resources and health care costs. Therefore, recognition of depression and anxiety is crucial to improve clinical outcome in FD patients. The aim of this study is to systematically review the association of functional dyspepsia with depression and anxiety.
METHODS
This systematic review was reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. A Literature search was carried out with PubMed and ProQuest databases from 1 January 2010 to 5 October 2020. The outcomes of interest were association of functional dyspepsia with depression and anxiety. The quality of each study was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool.
RESULTS
A total of 13 studies involving 14,076 subjects were included in this review. Almost all of the studies showed that prevalence of depression or anxiety is higher in patients with FD compared to controls. This is implied by a higher mean score on the depression and anxiety questionnaire assessment tools or a positive correlation in the odds ratio. FD is known to affect more females than males, but psychological links were stronger in males. Moreover, prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with refractory FD (63.3% and 61.5%) was higher compared to non-refractory FD (20.9% and 23.3%) and healthy patients (10% and 10%).
CONCLUSION
There is a significant association of FD with depression and anxiety. Thus, identifying psychological factors in FD patients is essential to help clinicians determine the best choice of treatment and improve the prognosis and quality of life of the patients.
Topics: Anxiety; Depression; Dyspepsia; Female; Humans; Male; Quality of Life; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 33951117
DOI: 10.15403/jgld-3325 -
Journal of Advanced Nursing Feb 2014To examine the relationship between perioperative anxiety and postoperative pain in children and adolescents undergoing elective surgical procedures and the differences... (Review)
Review
AIMS
To examine the relationship between perioperative anxiety and postoperative pain in children and adolescents undergoing elective surgical procedures and the differences in children's perioperative anxiety and postoperative pain among subgroups of demographics.
BACKGROUND
While anxiety and pain are regarded as two common problems experienced by children and adolescents perioperatively and the relationship between them has been reported in previous studies, there has been no review paper examining this phenomenon.
DESIGN
A quantitative systematic review.
DATA SOURCES
Nine electronic databases were searched for studies published in English from the inception date of the databases to December 2010, using various combinations of search terms of 'adolescents', 'anxiety', 'child', 'pain', 'surgery' and 'correlation/relationship'.
REVIEW METHODS
Using the Joanna Briggs Institute's comprehensive systematic review strategies, relevant studies were independently appraised and extracted by two reviewers using the standardized critical appraisal instruments and data extraction tool from Joanna Briggs Institute Meta Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument.
RESULTS
Ten studies were included in this review from 943 studies initially retrieved. Children and adolescents who had higher level of perioperative anxiety experienced a higher level of postoperative pain. Inconclusive evidence was found regarding differences of perioperative anxiety and postoperative pain between demographic subgroups of gender, age and past surgical experience.
CONCLUSION
Results of this review inform healthcare providers of the role perioperative anxiety plays on children's and adolescents' postoperative pain and indicate the need to use interventions to reduce perioperative anxiety and, therefore, optimize their postoperative pain management during the perioperative period.
Topics: Adolescent; Anxiety; Child; Elective Surgical Procedures; Female; Humans; Intraoperative Complications; Male; Pain, Postoperative
PubMed: 23865442
DOI: 10.1111/jan.12205 -
European Journal of Neurology Jun 2016Depression, anxiety and apathy are common mood disturbances in Parkinson's disease (PD) but their pathophysiology is unclear. Advanced neuroimaging has been increasingly... (Review)
Review
Depression, anxiety and apathy are common mood disturbances in Parkinson's disease (PD) but their pathophysiology is unclear. Advanced neuroimaging has been increasingly used to unravel neural substrates linked to these disturbances. A systematic review is provided of neuroimaging findings in depression, anxiety and apathy in PD. A PubMed, MEDLINE and EMBASE search of peer-reviewed original research articles on these mood disturbances in PD identified 38 studies on depression, eight on anxiety and 14 on apathy in PD. Most of the imaging studies used either position emission tomography or single-photon emission computed tomography techniques. These studies generally suggest increased neural activity in the prefrontal regions and decreased functional connectivity between the prefrontal-limbic networks in depressed patients. Functional imaging studies revealed an inverse correlation between dopaminergic density in the caudate and putamen with the severity of anxiety in PD. There was no consistent correlation between dopaminergic density of thalamus and anxiety. Studies demonstrated both positive and inverse correlations between apathy and metabolism or activity in the striatum, amygdalar, prefrontal, temporal and parietal regions. The clinical variability of study subjects and differences in image pre-processing and analytical strategies may contribute to discrepant findings in these studies. Both nigrostriatal and extra-nigrostriatal pathways (in particular the frontal region and its connecting areas) are affected in mood disorders in PD. Identifying the relative contributions of these neural pathways in PD patients with overlapping motor and mood symptoms could provide new pathophysiological clues for the development of better therapeutic targets for affected patients.
Topics: Anxiety; Apathy; Brain; Depression; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Neuroimaging; Parkinson Disease; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
PubMed: 27141858
DOI: 10.1111/ene.13002 -
PloS One 2016Fear of falling and other fall-related psychological concerns (FRPCs), such as falls-efficacy and balance confidence, are highly prevalent among community-dwelling older... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Fear of falling and other fall-related psychological concerns (FRPCs), such as falls-efficacy and balance confidence, are highly prevalent among community-dwelling older adults. Anxiety and FRPCs have frequently, but inconsistently, been found to be associated in the literature. The purpose of this study is to clarify those inconsistencies with a systematic review and meta-analysis and to evaluate if the strength of this relationship varies based on the different FRPC constructs used (e.g., fear of falling, falls-efficacy or balance confidence). A systematic review was conducted through multiple databases (e.g., MEDLINE, PsycINFO) to include all articles published before June 10th 2015 that measured anxiety and FRPCs in community-dwelling older adults. Active researchers in the field were also contacted in an effort to include unpublished studies. The systematic review led to the inclusion of twenty relevant articles (n = 4738). A random-effect meta-analysis revealed that the mean effect size for fear of falling and anxiety is r = 0.32 (95% CI: 0.22-0.40), Z = 6.49, p < 0.001 and the mean effect size for falls-efficacy or balance confidence and anxiety is r = 0.31 (95% CI: 0.23-0.40), Z = 6.72, p < 0.001. A Q-test for heterogeneity revealed that the two effect sizes are not significantly different (Q(19) = 0.13, p = n.s.). This study is the first meta-analysis on the relationship between anxiety and FRPCs among community-dwelling older adults. It demonstrates the importance of considering anxiety when treating older adults with FRPCs.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anxiety; Fear; Female; Geriatric Assessment; Humans; Middle Aged; Postural Balance; Publication Bias; Self Efficacy
PubMed: 27043139
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152848 -
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews Apr 2023Alterations in belief updating are proposed to underpin symptoms of psychiatric illness, including psychosis, depression, and anxiety. Key parameters underlying... (Review)
Review
Alterations in belief updating are proposed to underpin symptoms of psychiatric illness, including psychosis, depression, and anxiety. Key parameters underlying belief updating can be captured using computational modelling techniques, aiding the identification of unique and shared deficits, and improving diagnosis and treatment. We systematically reviewed research that applied computational modelling to probabilistic tasks measuring belief updating in stable and volatile (changing) environments, across clinical and subclinical psychosis (n = 17), anxiety (n = 9), depression (n = 9) and transdiagnostic samples (n = 9). Depression disorders related to abnormal belief updating in response to the valence of rewards, evidenced in both stable and volatile environments. Whereas psychosis and anxiety disorders were associated with difficulties adapting to changing contingencies specifically, indicating an inflexibility and/or insensitivity to environmental volatility. Higher-order learning models revealed additional difficulties in the estimation of overall environmental volatility across psychosis disorders, showing increased updating to irrelevant information. These findings stress the importance of investigating belief updating in transdiagnostic samples, using homogeneous experimental and computational modelling approaches.
Topics: Humans; Depression; Psychotic Disorders; Anxiety Disorders; Anxiety; Computer Simulation
PubMed: 36791933
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105087 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jan 2023Adolescents who are socially excluded are at increased risk of mental health problems such as depression and anxiety. Promoting social inclusion could be an effective... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Adolescents who are socially excluded are at increased risk of mental health problems such as depression and anxiety. Promoting social inclusion could be an effective strategy for preventing and treating adolescent depression and anxiety.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review of intervention studies which aimed to prevent or treat adolescent depression and/or anxiety by promoting social inclusion. Throughout the review we engaged a youth advisory group of 13 young people (aged 21-24) from Uganda, Turkey, Syria, South Africa, and Egypt.
RESULTS
We identified 12 studies relevant to our review. The interventions tested use a range of different strategies to increase social inclusion and reduce depression and anxiety, including social skills training, psychoeducation, teaching life skills training, and cash transfers. Pooled standardised mean differences (SMDs) based on random-effects models showed medium-to-large benefits of interventions on improving depression and anxiety symptoms (n = 8; SMD = -0.62; 95% CI, -1.23 to -0.01, < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Although there are not many studies, those which have been done show promising results that strongly suggest that social inclusion could be an important component of programmes to promote adolescent mental health.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Depression; Social Inclusion; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Mental Health
PubMed: 36767261
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031895 -
Supportive Care in Cancer : Official... Jul 2022The impact of prostate cancer on the mental wellbeing of patients is increasingly being appreciated. Two important aspects of this include fear of cancer recurrence... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The impact of prostate cancer on the mental wellbeing of patients is increasingly being appreciated. Two important aspects of this include fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) anxiety. However, their prevalence, severity and associating factors remain poorly understood. Therefore, this review aims to evaluate the current evidence for the prevalence, severity and associating features of PSA anxiety and FCR.
METHODS
A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases was conducted by two independent reviewers. Observational studies measuring FCR and PSA anxiety in prostate cancer using validated measures were included. Outcome measures were prevalence of significant levels, mean scores and significant correlations of FCR and PSA anxiety scores with patient, disease, treatment or other mental health and quality of life outcomes.
RESULTS
One thousand one hundred forty-eight individual records underwent screening with 32 studies included. Median prevalence of significant FCR and PSA anxiety was 16% and 22% respectively across all studies. Longitudinal studies demonstrated severity of both symptoms peaks at diagnosis, with little variability, even several years following this. Evaluating associating factors revealed younger age, generalised quality of life and mental health symptoms to be important factors for both outcomes. Few studies evaluated associations and differences between other patient, disease and treatment characteristics.
CONCLUSION
FCR and PSA anxiety are prominent symptoms for prostate cancer patients and importantly when present, are associated with poorer quality of life and mental health symptoms. Screening for these constructs and referral to appropriate services should form part of routine follow-up care.
Topics: Anxiety; Fear; Humans; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Quality of Life
PubMed: 35106656
DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-06876-z -
Journal of Medical Internet Research Aug 2023Since 2019, the COVID-19 outbreak has spread around the world, and health care workers, as frontline workers, have faced tremendous psychological stress. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Effects of Web-Based Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Anxiety, Depression, and Stress Among Frontline Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
BACKGROUND
Since 2019, the COVID-19 outbreak has spread around the world, and health care workers, as frontline workers, have faced tremendous psychological stress.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study is to explore whether web-based mindfulness-based interventions continue to have a positive impact on anxiety, depression, and stress among health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS
The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) participants were frontline health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) the experimental group was a web-based mindfulness-based intervention; (3) the control group used either general psychological intervention or no intervention; (4) outcome indicators included scales to assess anxiety, depression, and stress; and (5) the study type was a randomized controlled study. Studies that did not meet the above requirements were excluded. We searched 9 databases, including Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, ScienceDirect, SinoMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang Database, for randomized controlled studies on the effects of web-based mindfulness-based interventions on common mental disorder symptoms among health care workers from January 1, 2020, to October 20, 2022. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Subgroup analysis was used to look for sources of heterogeneity and to explore whether the results were the same for subgroups under different conditions. Sensitivity analysis was used to verify the stability of the pooled results.
RESULTS
A total of 10 randomized controlled studies with 1311 participants were included. The results showed that web-based mindfulness-based interventions were effective in reducing the symptoms of anxiety (standard mean difference [SMD]=-0.63, 95% CI -0.96 to -0.31, P<.001, I=87%), depression (SMD=-0.52, 95% CI -0.77 to -0.26, P<.001, I=75%), and stress (SMD=-0.20, 95% CI -0.35 to -0.05, P=.01, I=58%) among health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, but with wide CIs and high heterogeneity.
CONCLUSIONS
Web-based mindfulness-based interventions may be effective in reducing the symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress among frontline health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, this effect is relatively mild and needs to be further explored by better studies in the future.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
PROSPERO CRD42022343727; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=343727.
Topics: Humans; Mindfulness; COVID-19; Depression; Pandemics; Anxiety; Health Personnel; Internet; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 37527546
DOI: 10.2196/44000 -
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation May 2019The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the association between sleep bruxism (SB) and anxiety symptoms in adults.
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the association between sleep bruxism (SB) and anxiety symptoms in adults.
METHODS
A systematic review was performed and studies assessing SB by means of questionnaires, clinical examination and/or polysomnography (PSG), and validated questionnaires to assess anxiety, were included. Search strategies were developed for seven main electronic databases. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies, and confidence in cumulative evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation criteria.
RESULTS
Eight cross-sectional studies were included, of which five were judged with low and three with moderate risk of bias. No association with SB was observed in three studies that investigated generic levels of anxiety, while other two papers that evaluated generic anxiety levels through the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) found a positive association with probable and definite SB in both STAI-1 and STAI-2 subscales. Only one study evaluated dental anxiety in particular and an association with probable SB was observed regarding very anxious or extremely anxious scores. Two studies assessed specific symptoms of anxiety using the panic-agoraphobic spectra evaluation (PAS-SR) questionnaire. Significantly higher PAS-SR total scores were observed in both studies with regard to SB. No study with definitive assessment of SB was identified.
CONCLUSION
Current literature is controversial regarding an association between SB and generic symptoms of anxiety in adults. It seems that some specific symptoms of the anxiety disorders spectrum might be associated with probable SB.
Topics: Anxiety; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Polysomnography; Risk Factors; Sleep Bruxism; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 30805947
DOI: 10.1111/joor.12785 -
Journal of Affective Disorders May 2015Incorporating faith (religious or spiritual) perspectives into psychological treatments has attracted significant interest in recent years. However, previous suggestion... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Incorporating faith (religious or spiritual) perspectives into psychological treatments has attracted significant interest in recent years. However, previous suggestion that good psychiatric care should include spiritual components has provoked controversy. To try to address ongoing uncertainty in this field we present a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of faith-based adaptations of bona fide psychological therapies for depression or anxiety.
METHODS
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials were performed.
RESULTS
The literature search yielded 2274 citations of which 16 studies were eligible for inclusion. All studies used cognitive or cognitive behavioural models as the basis for their faith-adapted treatment (F-CBT). We identified statistically significant benefits of using F-CBT. However, quality assessment using the Cochrane risk of bias tool revealed methodological limitations that reduce the apparent strength of these findings.
LIMITATIONS
Whilst the effect sizes identified here were statistically significant, there were relatively a few relevant RCTs available, and those included were typically small and susceptible to significant biases. Biases associated with researcher or therapist allegiance were identified as a particular concern.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite some suggestion that faith-adapted CBT may out-perform both standard CBT and control conditions (waiting list or "treatment as usual"), the effect sizes identified in this meta-analysis must be considered in the light of the substantial methodological limitations that affect the primary research data. Before firm recommendations about the value of faith-adapted treatments can be made, further large-scale, rigorously performed trials are required.
Topics: Anxiety; Bias; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Depression; Faith Healing; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 25723562
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.01.019