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Surgical Endoscopy Nov 2022Choledocholithiasis presents in a considerable proportion of patients with gallbladder disease. There are several management options, including preoperative or... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
EAES rapid guideline: updated systematic review, network meta-analysis, CINeMA and GRADE assessment, and evidence-informed European recommendations on the management of common bile duct stones.
BACKGROUND
Choledocholithiasis presents in a considerable proportion of patients with gallbladder disease. There are several management options, including preoperative or intraoperative endoscopic cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), and laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE).
OBJECTIVE
To develop evidence-informed, interdisciplinary, European recommendations on the management of common bile duct stones in the context of intact gallbladder with a clinical decision to intervene to both the gallbladder and the common bile duct stones.
METHODS
We updated a systematic review and network meta-analysis of LCBDE, preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative ERCP. We formed evidence summaries using the GRADE and the CINeMA methodology, and a panel of general surgeons, gastroenterologists, and a patient representative contributed to the development of a GRADE evidence-to-decision framework to select among multiple interventions.
RESULTS
The panel reached unanimous consensus on the first Delphi round. We suggest LCBDE over preoperative, intraoperative, or postoperative ERCP, when surgical experience and expertise are available; intraoperative ERCP over LCBDE, preoperative or postoperative ERCP, when this is logistically feasible in a given healthcare setting; and preoperative ERCP over LCBDE or postoperative ERCP, when intraoperative ERCP is not feasible and there is insufficient experience or expertise with LCBDE (weak recommendation). The evidence summaries and decision aids are available on the platform MAGICapp ( https://app.magicapp.org/#/guideline/nJ5zyL ).
CONCLUSION
We developed a rapid guideline on the management of common bile duct stones in line with latest methodological standards. It can be used by healthcare professionals and other stakeholders to inform clinical and policy decisions.
GUIDELINE REGISTRATION NUMBER
IPGRP-2022CN170.
Topics: Humans; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; GRADE Approach; Network Meta-Analysis; Motion Pictures; Choledocholithiasis; Gallstones; Common Bile Duct
PubMed: 36229556
DOI: 10.1007/s00464-022-09662-4 -
Digestive Surgery 2020Bile duct injury (BDI) is a devastating complication following cholecystectomy. After initial management of BDI, patients stay at risk for late complications including...
BACKGROUND
Bile duct injury (BDI) is a devastating complication following cholecystectomy. After initial management of BDI, patients stay at risk for late complications including anastomotic strictures, recurrent cholangitis, and secondary biliary cirrhosis.
METHODS
We provide a comprehensive overview of current literature on the long-term outcome of BDI. Considering the availability of only limited data regarding treatment of anastomotic strictures in literature, we also retrospectively analyzed patients with anastomotic strictures following a hepaticojejunostomy (HJ) from a prospectively maintained database of 836 BDI patients.
RESULTS
Although clinical outcomes of endoscopic, radiologic, and surgical treatment of BDI are good with success rates of around 90%, quality of life (QoL) may be impaired even after "clinically successful" treatment. Following surgical treatment, the incidence of anastomotic strictures varies from 5 to 69%, with most studies reporting incidences around 10-20%. The median time to stricture formation varies between 11 and 30 months. Long-term BDI-related mortality varies between 1.8 and 4.6%. Of 91 patients treated in our center for anastomotic strictures after HJ, 81 (89%) were treated by percutaneous balloon dilatation, with a long-term success rate of 77%. Twenty-four patients primarily or secondarily underwent surgical revision, with recurrent strictures occurring in 21%.
CONCLUSIONS
The long-term impact of BDI is considerable, both in terms of clinical outcomes and QoL. Treatment should be performed in tertiary expert centers to optimize outcomes. Patients require a long-term follow-up to detect anastomotic strictures. Strictures should initially be managed by percutaneous dilatation, with surgical revision as a next step in treatment.
Topics: Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y; Bile Ducts; Cholangitis; Cholecystectomy; Constriction, Pathologic; Dilatation; Humans; Iatrogenic Disease; Jejunum; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary; Prognosis; Quality of Life; Recurrence; Reoperation; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 30654363
DOI: 10.1159/000496432 -
Otolaryngology--head and Neck Surgery :... May 2017Objective Although thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDCs) are relatively common, malignancies within these lesions are infrequent. As a result, there are no large-scale series... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Objective Although thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDCs) are relatively common, malignancies within these lesions are infrequent. As a result, there are no large-scale series describing clinical characteristics. Our objectives were to perform a systematic review of the literature evaluating patient demographics, pathology, management, and prognosis of these patients. Data Sources PubMed, Embase, Cochrane reviews, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant articles. Articles meeting inclusion criteria were reviewed for data detailing epidemiology, treatment, and outcomes. Review Methods Inclusion criteria included English-language articles with original reports on human subjects. Two investigators independently reviewed all articles for the data collected, including epidemiology, treatment, and outcomes. Results Ninety-eight articles comprising 164 patients were included in the final analysis. The mean age at presentation was 39.5 years (9-83 years); 68.3% of patients were female. In total, 73.3% of cases were found on final pathologic analysis. The most common pathology was papillary cancer (92.1%). Of the patients, 98.9% underwent a Sistrunk procedure and 61.0% underwent total thyroidectomy. There was a 4.3% recurrence rate with a mean time to recurrence of 42.1 months from initial treatment. One patient died of TGDC carcinoma, while all other patients were disease free at the time of last follow-up (mean follow-up was 46.1 months). Conclusion TGDC carcinoma is typically diagnosed on final pathology. While management encompasses a Sistrunk procedure, further consideration should be given to thyroidectomy among patients ≥45 years of age and individuals with aggressive disease. TGDC carcinoma harbors an exceedingly low rate of mortality.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Carcinoma; Child; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis; Risk Assessment; Survival Analysis; Thyroglossal Cyst; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroidectomy; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 28322121
DOI: 10.1177/0194599817696504 -
HPB : the Official Journal of the... Feb 2022Bile duct injury (BDI) after cholecystectomy can lead to recurrent cholangitis, even after biliary reconstruction. This necessitates hepatectomy in a minority of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Bile duct injury (BDI) after cholecystectomy can lead to recurrent cholangitis, even after biliary reconstruction. This necessitates hepatectomy in a minority of patients. A systematic review was conducted, summarizing the pattern of biliary injury sustained in this group and their outcomes after hepatectomy.
METHODS
A literature search included the MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed and Cochrane libraries. Retrospective cohort studies describing outcomes for hepatectomy after BDI, and the nature of the antecedent BDI, published between 1999 and 2019, were selected.
RESULTS
Eight articles described a cohort of 2110 patients with BDI. Of these, 84 underwent hepatectomy. Complex vasculo-biliary injuries had been sustained in most cases. The mean time to hepatectomy was between 26 and 224 months after BDI. A right hepatectomy was performed in 67-89% of cases. Post hepatectomy, intra-abdominal infection (range 0-50%) and bile leaks (range 0-45%) occurred variably. Mortality occurred in three series. Nineteen percent of patients (16 of 84) developed recurrent symptoms at follow up.
CONCLUSION
Hepatectomy after bile duct injury is an uncommon procedure and represents a salvage strategy when vasculo-biliary injury happens. Liver resection leads to resolution of symptoms in the majority of the cases however postoperative bile leaks and intra-abdominal infection are common.
Topics: Bile Duct Diseases; Bile Ducts; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; Hepatectomy; Humans; Postoperative Complications; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 34702627
DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2021.09.012 -
Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery :... Oct 2015Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is one of the most common complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). The ideal choice of pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ)... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is one of the most common complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). The ideal choice of pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) anastomosis remains a matter of debate.
METHODS
A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing duct-to-mucosa with invagination PJ following PD was performed. Pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using fixed-effects or random-effects models.
RESULTS
In total, five RCTs involving 654 patients were included. Meta-analysis revealed no significant difference in POPF rate between the duct-to-mucosa and invagination PJ techniques (OR = 1.23, 95 % CI = 0.78-1.93; P = 0.38). Two of five trials applied the POPF definition proposed by the International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS). Using this definition, the incidence of clinically relevant POPF was lower in patients undergoing invagination PJ than in those undergoing duct-to-mucosa PJ (OR = 2.94, 95 % CI = 1.31-6.60; P = 0.009). There was no significant difference in terms of delayed gastric emptying, intra-abdominal collection, overall morbidity and mortality, reoperation rate, and length of hospital stay between the two groups.
CONCLUSION
Invagination PJ is not superior to duct-to-mucosa PJ in terms of POPF and other complications but appears to reduce clinically relevant POPF. Further well-designed RCTs that use ISGPS definition are still required before strong evidence-based recommendations can be formulated.
Topics: Gastric Emptying; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa; Length of Stay; Pancreatectomy; Pancreatic Ducts; Pancreatic Fistula; Pancreaticoduodenectomy; Pancreaticojejunostomy; Recovery of Function; Reoperation
PubMed: 26264363
DOI: 10.1007/s11605-015-2913-1 -
Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology.... Feb 2016To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing the success and complication rates among various congenital nasolacrimal duct... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing the success and complication rates among various congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) procedures, intervention times, and tubes types.
DESIGN
Systematic review with quantitative meta-analysis.
METHODS
Studies were identified by searching the PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane databases. The comparisons between categorical variables were analyzed using the χ(2) test, and the dichotomous outcomes were reported as risk ratios. The precision of the effect size was based on the 95% confidence interval.
RESULTS
Seven studies published between 2007 and 2013 were included. Immediate versus observation/deferred probing had similar rates of success (82.7% vs 81.8%). Balloon dacryocystoplasty and silicone intubation had similar rates of success (79.8% vs 77.8%). Monocanalicular and bicanalicular intubation had similar rates of success (88.3% vs 88.0%). The dislocation rates for monocanalicular versus bicanalicular intubation were 8.5% and 9.8%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Immediate and deferred probing do not differ in their success rates. No difference in success rates was observed between balloon dilation and intubation. Monocanalicular and bicanalicular intubation were similar in their success and dislocation rates. Therefore, the preference of surgeons on the treatment of CNLDO should be discussed with parents to ensure the best possible outcome.
Topics: Balloon Occlusion; Dacryocystorhinostomy; Humans; Intubation; Lacrimal Duct Obstruction; Nasolacrimal Duct; Stents
PubMed: 26874157
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2015.10.002 -
Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver... Dec 2020The use of statins has been shown to be associated with a decreased risk of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) in many studies although the results have been inconsistent. We... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
The use of statins has been shown to be associated with a decreased risk of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) in many studies although the results have been inconsistent. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to further investigate this possible association by identifying all relevant studies and combining their results together.
METHODS
A comprehensive literature review was conducted utilizing the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases through March 2020 to identify all studies that compared the risk of CCA among individuals who use statins with individuals who do not use statins. Effect estimates from each study were extracted and combined using the random-effect, generic inverse variance method of DerSimonian and Laird.
RESULTS
A total of seven studies with 6,251,187 participants fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled analysis found a significantly decreased risk of CCA among individuals who use statins compared with individuals who do not use statins with the pooled odds ratio of 0.68 (95% CI: 0.52-0.89; I 2 96%).
CONCLUSIONS
The current systematic review and meta-analysis found a significant association between the use of statins and a decreased risk of CCA.
Topics: Bile Duct Neoplasms; Cholangiocarcinoma; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
PubMed: 33331334
DOI: 10.15403/jgld-2990 -
DEN Open Apr 2024The primary therapeutic strategy for the management of bile duct stones (BDS) is endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. However, there may be a recurrence of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The primary therapeutic strategy for the management of bile duct stones (BDS) is endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. However, there may be a recurrence of BDS on follow-up. Multiple risk factors have been studied for the prediction of BDS recurrence. We aimed to analyze the incidence of symptomatic BDS recurrence, systematically review the risk factors, and analyze the most important risk factors among those.
METHODS
A comprehensive search of three databases was conducted from inception to November 2022 for studies reporting the recurrence of BDS recurrence after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with clearance, along with an analysis of risk factors.
RESULTS
A total of 37 studies with 12,952 patients were included in the final analysis. The pooled event rate for the recurrence of BDS stones was 12.6% (95% confidence interval: 11.2-13.9). The most important risk factor was a bile duct diameter ≥15 mm, which had a significant association with recurrence in twelve studies. Other risk factors with significant association with recurrence in three or more studies were the reduced angulation of the bile duct, the presence of periampullary diverticulum, type I periampullary diverticulum, in-situ gallbladder with stones, cholecystectomy, multiple stones in the bile duct, use of mechanical lithotripsy, and bile duct stent placement.
CONCLUSION
Around one out of seven patients have BDS recurrence after the initial endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Bile duct size and anatomy are the most important predictors of recurrence. The assessment of risk factors associated with recurrence may help keep a close follow-up in high-risk patients.
PubMed: 37818098
DOI: 10.1002/deo2.294 -
Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 2015With the widespread use of abdominal imaging, an incidentally found dilated common bile duct (CBD) is a common radiographic finding. The significance of a dilated CBD as... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
With the widespread use of abdominal imaging, an incidentally found dilated common bile duct (CBD) is a common radiographic finding. The significance of a dilated CBD as a predictor of underlying disease and long-term outcome have not been well elucidated.
GOALS
A systematic review of studies on patients with dilated CBD was performed to identify etiologies and clinical factors that may predict which patients require further diagnostic testing and long-term outcomes. A PubMed search for relevant articles published between 2001 and 2014 was performed.
RESULTS
The search yielded a total of 882 articles, and after careful individual review for eligibility and relevancy, 9 peer-reviewed studies were included. A cause of the CBD dilation was found on average in 33% of cases and the most common causes were: CBD stone, chronic pancreatitis, and periampullary diverticulum. The overall CBD diameter was not associated with finding a causative lesion. Coexisting CBD and intrahepatic bile duct dilation, age, and jaundice were found to be indicators of pathologic lesions. Dilation of both the CBD and pancreatic duct was suggestive of pancreatic disease, especially pancreatic malignancy in the setting of obstructive jaundice. Follow-up was reported in 6 studies ranging from 6 to 85 months, and generally there was no change in the diagnosis.
CONCLUSIONS
Incidentally found biliary tract dilatation can be a manifestation of significant biliary tract disease including malignancy. Long-term outcome is not well defined and further prospective studies examining the most cost-effective approach to evaluation are needed.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; Biliary Tract Diseases; Common Bile Duct; Dilatation, Pathologic; Diverticulum; Female; Gallstones; Humans; Incidental Findings; Jaundice, Obstructive; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Diseases; Pancreatic Ducts; Radiography
PubMed: 26302495
DOI: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000000394 -
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2023Thyroglossal duct (TGD) remnants in the form of cysts or fistulas usually present as midline neck masses and they are removed along with the central body of the hyoid...
Thyroglossal duct (TGD) remnants in the form of cysts or fistulas usually present as midline neck masses and they are removed along with the central body of the hyoid bone (Sistrunk's procedure). For other pathologies associated with the TGD tract, the latter operation might be not necessary. In the present report, a case of a TGD lipoma is presented and a systematic review of the pertinent literature was performed. We present the case of a 57-year-old woman with a pathologically confirmed TGD lipoma who underwent transcervical excision without resecting the hyoid bone. Recurrence was not observed after six months of follow-up. The literature search revealed only one other case of TGD lipoma and controversies are addressed. TGD lipoma is an exceedingly rare entity whose management might avoid hyoid bone excision.
PubMed: 36900076
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13050932